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Based on the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pathogenesis of “Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis” in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), this study elucidates the microscopic mechanism underlying DFU from the perspective of dysregulated coordination between mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy. We propose that qi-deficiency corresponds to insufficient functional mitochondria caused by impaired biogenesis, resulting in compromised oxidative phosphorylation and reduced ATP production, thereby generating a “low-renewal” wound milieu. Blood-stasis is defined as the failure to eliminate damaged mitochondria and toxic metabolites such as mtROS due to defective mitophagy, establishing a “high-stasis” chronic inflammatory microenvironment. These two processes mutually reinforce each other, forming a vicious cycle that impedes wound healing. Tonifying Qi enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, whereas activating blood resolves stasis by restoring mitophagy; their synergism disrupts the cycle of mitochondrial quality-control imbalance. This mechanism provides a scientific rationale for the TCM strategy of “tonifying qi and activating blood” in re-establishing mitochondrial homeostasis and promoting DFU repair, offering a novel theoretical basis for integrated Chinese-Western management of DFU.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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