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Objective:To explore the molecular mechanism of acupotomy intervention in knee osteoarthritis（KOA）based on transcriptome sequencing technology.Methods:Nine New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into a blank group（3 rabbits）and a KOA modeling group（6 rabbits）.The modeling group was subjected to a modified Videman method fixation for6 weeks to establish the KOA model.After removing the fixation device，the rabbits were further randomly divided into a model group and an acupotomy group（3 rabbits each）according to Lequesne scores and intervened for 4 weeks.After the intervention，behavioral assessments were conducted，and transcriptome sequencing，Gene Ontology（GO），and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG）analyses were performed on the rabbit knee cartilage.Results:（1）After the intervention，compared with the model group，the Lequesne scores in the acupotomy group were significantly reduced（P＜0.01）；（2）Compared with the blank group，a total of 1 055 differentially expressed genes（DEGs）were identified in the model group.GO biological process analysis mainly involved functions such as ″inflammatory response″，″immune response″，and″extracellular matrix organization″.KEGG Level 2 analysis showed that the model group was mainly enriched in pathways related to ″infectious diseases″，″signal transduction″，and″immune system″.In addition，the upregulated DEGs in the model group were enriched in pathways such as″cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction″and″phagosome″，while the downregulated DEGs were enriched in ″cancer pathways″and ″axon guidance″. Compared with the model group，312 differentially expressed genes were identified in the acupotomy group.GO analysis indicated that these genes primarily involved functions such as″inflammatory response″，″tumor necrosis factor response″，and ″semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway″.KEGG Level 2 analysis showed enrichment mainly in pathways related to ″signal transduction″，″infectious diseases″，and ″immune system″.Moreover，downregulated DEGs in the acupotomy group were enriched in ″cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction″，″phagosome″，and ″osteoclast differentiation″，while upregulated DEGs were enriched in ″axon guidance″and ″protein digestion and absorption″.（3）qRT-PCR validation showed that acupotomy intervention significantly reduced the mRNA expression of CCL2，CCL7，and IL34. Conclusion:The molecular mechanism of acupotomy intervention in KOA mainly involves functions related to joint cartilage ″signal transduction″，″immune-inflammatory response″，and pathways such as ″cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction″，″phagosome″，and ″axon guidance″.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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