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1D-3D Dynamic Characteristics and Control Method of a CO2 Heat Pump Air Conditioning System for Vehicles
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Haidan Wang1, Shuo Zong1, Di Xiao2, Xiang Yin1, Longfei Huang1, Xixi Wang3, Lichen Yang3, Feng Cao1
Journal of Refrigeration | 2025, 46(3) : 75 - 83
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Journal of Refrigeration | 2025, 46(3): 75-83
1D-3D Dynamic Characteristics and Control Method of a CO2 Heat Pump Air Conditioning System for Vehicles
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Haidan Wang1, Shuo Zong1, Di Xiao2, Xiang Yin1, Longfei Huang1, Xixi Wang3, Lichen Yang3, Feng Cao1
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
  • 2.China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China
  • 3.Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450016, China
Published: 2025-06-16 doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.03.075
Outline
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A transcritical CO2 heat-pump air-conditioning system has effective heating performance at low temperatures, and the variation of dynamic parameters during operation significantly affects the thermal comfort inside the passenger cabin. To study the comfort of the passenger compartment and the coupling law of the dynamic changes in the parameters of the transcritical CO2 heat-pump air-conditioning system, a joint simulation model was built based on the one-dimensional simulation software GT-Suite and the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software STAR-CCM+. The three-dimensional cabin model can provide accurate real-time state parameters of the supply and return air for a one-dimensional simulation system of heat-pump air conditioners. The results show that the temperature distribution of the thermal environment of the passenger compartment is relatively non-uniform, necessitating the application of the weighted predicted mean vote (PMV) to evaluate this non-uniformity. In a multi-PID control transcritical CO2 automobile heat pump air conditioning system, a control method based on the weighted PMV comfort model can maintain the regulation and stability of the system's target parameters. Under ambient temperature conditions of 43 ℃ in cooling mode, the control method can reduce the compressor's power consumption by 9.4%. At an ambient temperature of -10 ℃ in heating mode, this method can reduce compressor's the power consumption by 17.9%. This control method can reduce the power consumption of the system compressor while satisfying comfort requirements, constituting a highly efficient energy-saving strategy.

CO2  /  automotive heat-pump air conditioning  /  co-simulation  /  weighted PMV model
Haidan Wang, Shuo Zong, Di Xiao, Xiang Yin, Longfei Huang, Xixi Wang, Lichen Yang, Feng Cao. 1D-3D Dynamic Characteristics and Control Method of a CO2 Heat Pump Air Conditioning System for Vehicles[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025 , 46 (3) : 75 -83 . DOI: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.03.075
  • National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFE0208000)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China(52006162)
Year 2025 volume 46 Issue 3
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Article Info
doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.03.075
  • Receive Date:2024-01-02
  • Online Date:2026-03-13
  • Published:2025-06-16
Article Data
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History
  • Received:2024-01-02
  • Revised:2024-04-19
  • Accepted:2024-04-19
Funding
National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFE0208000)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52006162)
Affiliations
    1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
    2.China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China
    3.Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450016, China

Corresponding:

Yin Xiang, male, associate professor, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 86-15109214408, E-mail: . Research fields: transcritical CO2 refrigeration technology, vehicle heat pump air conditioning and thermal management technology.
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
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占总种数比例
Percentage of
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种数
Number of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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