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Development and Validation of the Water Pit Numerical Model for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage
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Chaohui Zhou1, Yuce Liu1, Yue Hu1, Jicheng Zhang2, 3, Zhiyong Tian4, Yu Ruan2, 3, Huiheng Luo1, Yongqiang Luo4, Guozhi Xu4
Journal of Refrigeration | 2025, 46(5) : 133 - 141
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Journal of Refrigeration | 2025, 46(5): 133-141
Development and Validation of the Water Pit Numerical Model for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage
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Chaohui Zhou1, Yuce Liu1, Yue Hu1, Jicheng Zhang2, 3, Zhiyong Tian4, Yu Ruan2, 3, Huiheng Luo1, Yongqiang Luo4, Guozhi Xu4
Affiliations
  • 1.China Three Gorges Corporation, Wuhan, 430010, China
  • 2.China Yangtze Power Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430010, China
  • 3.Three Gorges Electric Energy Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430022, China
  • 4.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
Published: 2025-10-16 doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.133
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Seasonal thermal energy storage (STES) can effectively mitigate the supply and demand imbalance of solar energy between winter and summer. Large-scale water pit thermal storage systems require efficient and accurate computational simulations to avoid investment waste. This study proposes a simplified numerical analysis method and establishes a cylindrical underground pit with a total volume of 11 304 m3 to describe the operation of a STES system. The model establishes a one-dimensional heat transfer model for the water body and a two-dimensional heat transfer model for the soil, separately solving for the water and the soil temperature field. The two models are connected through the temperature boundary at the pool wall to simulate the entire system. To comprehensively verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation model, validation was conducted under standby, charging, and discharging modes. The results indicate that the developed model has good accuracy and reliability. Under the standby mode, the temperature error of the five water layers in the sandbox test is less than 10%, with the highest accuracy in the middle and lower-middle water layers, with an average absolute error of 1.75% and 1.24%, respectively. Under the charging mode, the average relative error is 1.57%, and the average temperature error is 0.44 ℃. Under the discharging mode, the average relative error is 0.46%, and the average temperature error is 0.24 ℃.

solar energy  /  seasonal thermal energy storage  /  large-scale water pit thermal energy storage system  /  numerical model
Chaohui Zhou, Yuce Liu, Yue Hu, Jicheng Zhang, Zhiyong Tian, Yu Ruan, Huiheng Luo, Yongqiang Luo, Guozhi Xu. Development and Validation of the Water Pit Numerical Model for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025 , 46 (5) : 133 -141 . DOI: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.133
Year 2025 volume 46 Issue 5
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Article Info
doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.133
  • Receive Date:2024-06-03
  • Online Date:2026-03-13
  • Published:2025-10-16
Article Data
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History
  • Received:2024-06-03
  • Revised:2024-07-14
  • Accepted:2024-09-02
Affiliations
    1.China Three Gorges Corporation, Wuhan, 430010, China
    2.China Yangtze Power Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430010, China
    3.Three Gorges Electric Energy Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430022, China
    4.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

Corresponding:

Tian Zhiyong, male, Ph.D., associate professor, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 86-13522166267, E-mail: . Research fields: thermal energy storage and solar energy.
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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