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R1270 and R290 are alternative refrigerants with great potential. In this study, the influence of the refrigerant charge on the performance of the heat-pump water heater with R1270 and R290, the temperature distribution of the heat transfer fluids in the condenser, and the feasibility of replacing R22 with natural refrigerants were investigated. The results indicate that the refrigerant charge has a considerable influence on the cycle performance and the temperature distribution of the heat-transfer fluids in both systems. At the same optimal charge (0.90 kg), the R1270 and R290 systems achieved a maximum coefficient of performance (COP) of 4.443 and 4.317, respectively. At different refrigerant charges, two heat transfer pinch points and two maximum heat transfer temperature differences occurred in the condensers of both systems, and the locations of the first pinch point and the second maximum temperature difference point showed similar migrations with changes in refrigerant charge. Compared with the R22 system, both the R1270 and R290 systems, at optimal charge, achieved significantly better COP and discharge temperatures, exhibited relatively equivalent discharge pressures, and their heating capacities increased by 7.05% and decreased by 10.65%, respectively. Hence, R1270 can be preferred over R290 for replacing R22 in a heat-pump water heater.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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