Article(id=1322928354868986353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926985957221241, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.11.002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793340298621, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1762704000000, pubDateStr=2025-11-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793340298621, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793340298621, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793340298621, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322926985957221241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1762704000000', pubDateStr='2025-11-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339972247, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340743335, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322930220201804556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926985957221241, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322930220201804557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926985957221241, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=8, endPage=11, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322928355066118642, articleId=1322928354868986353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Effect of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤)on Occurrence and Development of Gastric Cancer Induced by MNNG through Regulation of Notch1 Pathway, columnId=1256183423710970242, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=New Opinion of Ph.D. Supervisor, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the effect of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤)on Notch signaling pathway in Nmethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG)-induced gastric cancer model rats.

Methods

Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and Banxia Xiexin Decoction group. The control group was fed normally,and the model group and Banxia Xiexin Decoction group were treated with“MNNG gavage+free drinking method”to induce gastric cancer model. The gastric pathological histology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining. Notch signaling pathway related protein expression was detected by Western Blot,and Notch signaling pathway related protein and Ki67 and VEGFA expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry method.

Results

The incidence of tumor was 75.0%(6/8)in the model group and 33.3%(3/9)in the Banxia Xiexin Decoction group. Western Blot analysis showed that the expressions of Notch1,Jagged1,Dll4 and Hes1 in gastric tissue of rats in the model group were increased compared with those in the control group(P<0.05),and the above proteins were significantly decreased after Banxia Xiexin Decoction intervention compared with those in the model group(P<0.05). The immunohistochemical results showed that the average optical density of Ki67,VEGFA,Notch1,Jaggedl,Dll4 and Hes1 in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the average optical density of these proteins after the intervention of Banxia Xiexin Decoction was significantly lower than that in the model group(P<0.05).

Conclusion

Banxia Xiexin Decoction can intervene Notch signaling pathway,regulate the expressions of VEGF and Ki67,and inhibit the occurrence and development of gastric cancer to a certain extent.

, authors=Huizhen LI1, Jiale MA1, Yan YANG1, Tianlin WANG1, Shuangmei ZHAO1, Xinyuan ZHANG2, Xinyi LIANG2, Mengtong LENG2, authorsList=Huizhen LI, Jiale MA, Yan YANG, Tianlin WANG, Shuangmei ZHAO, Xinyuan ZHANG, Xinyi LIANG, Mengtong LENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322928357914051069, articleId=1322928354868986353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=半夏泻心汤调控Notch信号通路影响MNNG诱导胃癌发生发展的作用机制研究, columnId=1256183426563096985, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=博士导师新论, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨半夏泻心汤对N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍(MNNG)诱导的胃癌模型大鼠Notch信号通路的影响。

方法

50只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、半夏泻心汤组。空白组正常饲养,模型组、半夏泻心汤组采用“MNNG灌胃+自由饮用法”诱导胃癌模型。苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察胃病理组织学情况,Western Blot检测Notch信号通路相关蛋白表达,免疫组化检测Notch信号通路相关蛋白及Ki67、VEGFA表达。

结果

病理组织学发现,模型组肿瘤发病率为75%(6/8),半夏泻心汤组肿瘤发病率为33.3%(3/9);Western Blot检测发现,模型组大鼠胃组织Notch1、Jagged1、Dll4、Hes1蛋白表达较空白组升高(P<0.05),半夏泻心汤干预后上述蛋白均较模型组降低(P<0.05);免疫组化结果发现,模型组Ki67、VEGFA、Notch1、Jaggedl、Dll4、Hes1平均光密度较空白组升高(P<0.05),半夏泻心汤干预后上述蛋白平均光密度均较模型组降低(P<0.05)。

结论

半夏泻心汤可干预Notch信号通路,调节VEGF、Ki67表达,在一定程度上抑制胃癌的发生发展。

, authors=李慧臻1, 马佳乐1, 杨岩1, 王天麟1, 赵双梅1, 张馨元2, 梁欣奕2, 冷孟桐2, authorsList=李慧臻, 马佳乐, 杨岩, 王天麟, 赵双梅, 张馨元, 梁欣奕, 冷孟桐, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

李慧臻(1965-),女,内蒙古包头人,主任医师、教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗消化系统疾病。

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李慧臻(1965-),女,内蒙古包头人,主任医师、教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗消化系统疾病。

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李慧臻(1965-),女,内蒙古包头人,主任医师、教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗消化系统疾病。

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组别n干预前干预后
模型组28463.31±39.87476.13±23.64
半夏泻心汤组12454.98±34.68513.33±9.07**
), ArticleFig(id=1322928363014324797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322928354868986353, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

干预后两组大鼠体质量比较(±s)

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组别n干预前干预后
模型组28463.31±39.87476.13±23.64
半夏泻心汤组12454.98±34.68513.33±9.07**
), ArticleFig(id=1322928363089822270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322928354868986353, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别胃癌合计
有无
模型组6(75.0)2(25.0)8
半夏泻心汤组3(33.3)6(66.7)9
合计9817
), ArticleFig(id=1322928363156931135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322928354868986353, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两组胃癌大鼠构成

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别胃癌合计
有无
模型组6(75.0)2(25.0)8
半夏泻心汤组3(33.3)6(66.7)9
合计9817
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半夏泻心汤调控Notch信号通路影响MNNG诱导胃癌发生发展的作用机制研究
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李慧臻 1 , 马佳乐 1 , 杨岩 1 , 王天麟 1 , 赵双梅 1 , 张馨元 2 , 梁欣奕 2 , 冷孟桐 2
中华中医药学刊 | 博士导师新论 2025,43(11): 8-11
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中华中医药学刊 |博士导师新论 2025 , 43 (11) : 8 -11
半夏泻心汤调控Notch信号通路影响MNNG诱导胃癌发生发展的作用机制研究
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李慧臻(1965-),女,内蒙古包头人,主任医师、教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗消化系统疾病。

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李慧臻(1965-),女,内蒙古包头人,主任医师、教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗消化系统疾病。

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李慧臻1, 马佳乐1, 杨岩1, 王天麟1, 赵双梅1, 张馨元2, 梁欣奕2, 冷孟桐2
作者信息
  • 1.天津中医药大学第二附属医院,天津 300250
  • 2.天津中医药大学,天津 301617
作者简介:

李慧臻(1965-),女,内蒙古包头人,主任医师、教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗消化系统疾病。

Effect of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤)on Occurrence and Development of Gastric Cancer Induced by MNNG through Regulation of Notch1 Pathway
Huizhen LI1, Jiale MA1, Yan YANG1, Tianlin WANG1, Shuangmei ZHAO1, Xinyuan ZHANG2, Xinyi LIANG2, Mengtong LENG2
Affiliations
  • 1.The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 300250,China
  • 2.Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China
出版时间: 2025-11-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.11.002
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目的

探讨半夏泻心汤对N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍(MNNG)诱导的胃癌模型大鼠Notch信号通路的影响。

方法

50只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、半夏泻心汤组。空白组正常饲养,模型组、半夏泻心汤组采用“MNNG灌胃+自由饮用法”诱导胃癌模型。苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察胃病理组织学情况,Western Blot检测Notch信号通路相关蛋白表达,免疫组化检测Notch信号通路相关蛋白及Ki67、VEGFA表达。

结果

病理组织学发现,模型组肿瘤发病率为75%(6/8),半夏泻心汤组肿瘤发病率为33.3%(3/9);Western Blot检测发现,模型组大鼠胃组织Notch1、Jagged1、Dll4、Hes1蛋白表达较空白组升高(P<0.05),半夏泻心汤干预后上述蛋白均较模型组降低(P<0.05);免疫组化结果发现,模型组Ki67、VEGFA、Notch1、Jaggedl、Dll4、Hes1平均光密度较空白组升高(P<0.05),半夏泻心汤干预后上述蛋白平均光密度均较模型组降低(P<0.05)。

结论

半夏泻心汤可干预Notch信号通路,调节VEGF、Ki67表达,在一定程度上抑制胃癌的发生发展。

半夏泻心汤  /  胃癌  /  Notch1信号通路  /  作用机制
Objective

To investigate the effect of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤)on Notch signaling pathway in Nmethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG)-induced gastric cancer model rats.

Methods

Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and Banxia Xiexin Decoction group. The control group was fed normally,and the model group and Banxia Xiexin Decoction group were treated with“MNNG gavage+free drinking method”to induce gastric cancer model. The gastric pathological histology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining. Notch signaling pathway related protein expression was detected by Western Blot,and Notch signaling pathway related protein and Ki67 and VEGFA expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry method.

Results

The incidence of tumor was 75.0%(6/8)in the model group and 33.3%(3/9)in the Banxia Xiexin Decoction group. Western Blot analysis showed that the expressions of Notch1,Jagged1,Dll4 and Hes1 in gastric tissue of rats in the model group were increased compared with those in the control group(P<0.05),and the above proteins were significantly decreased after Banxia Xiexin Decoction intervention compared with those in the model group(P<0.05). The immunohistochemical results showed that the average optical density of Ki67,VEGFA,Notch1,Jaggedl,Dll4 and Hes1 in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the average optical density of these proteins after the intervention of Banxia Xiexin Decoction was significantly lower than that in the model group(P<0.05).

Conclusion

Banxia Xiexin Decoction can intervene Notch signaling pathway,regulate the expressions of VEGF and Ki67,and inhibit the occurrence and development of gastric cancer to a certain extent.

Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤)  /  gastric cancer  /  Notch1 signaling pathway  /  mechanism of action
李慧臻, 马佳乐, 杨岩, 王天麟, 赵双梅, 张馨元, 梁欣奕, 冷孟桐. 半夏泻心汤调控Notch信号通路影响MNNG诱导胃癌发生发展的作用机制研究. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (11) : 8 -11 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.11.002
Huizhen LI, Jiale MA, Yan YANG, Tianlin WANG, Shuangmei ZHAO, Xinyuan ZHANG, Xinyi LIANG, Mengtong LENG. Effect of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤)on Occurrence and Development of Gastric Cancer Induced by MNNG through Regulation of Notch1 Pathway[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (11) : 8 -11 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.11.002
胃癌(GC)是最常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一,具有发病隐匿、进展迅速、治疗棘手的特点[1]。胃癌通常需借助外科手术、介入、放化疗、靶向药及免疫检查点抑制剂等治疗,巨额费用和不良反应给患者带来了巨大的生活负担。中医药因其多靶点、多途径的作用特点,在多靶点复杂疾病中有着巨大的应用前景,且其不良反应少,治疗胃癌具有独特的优势。因此,探索中医药治疗胃癌的效应靶点是防治胃癌研究的重点。
Notch信号通路属于高度保守的信号转导机制,由跨膜的受体、配体和胞内DNA结合蛋白及靶基因组成。Notch活性与致癌和肿瘤抑制功能相关,它参与细胞存活、细胞死亡、增殖和生长停滞以及细胞分化为终末分化细胞途径对抗癌细胞“干性”[2]。研究表明,Notch信号通路在胃癌中通常被激活以促进胃癌细胞增殖和侵袭,靶向Notch信号通路可能是一种有效的胃癌治疗策略[3]。Notch受体在癌症不同阶段的功能作用是有争议的,靶向Notch应该取决于细胞所处的环境及阶段[4]。Notch1受体与Jagged、Dll配体结合,触发Notch1信号的活化,诱发蛋白水解,生成有活性的Notch1片段(NOTCHICD),并易位至胞核,调控下游Hes1、NF-κB、p21、c-Myc等多个靶基因表达,从而发挥细胞增殖分化及凋亡、血管新生、炎症免疫等生物学功能[5-8]。
VEGFA被证明在肿瘤血管生成和细胞增殖中起重要作用,其表达与肿瘤的发展和转移密切相关[9]。Ki67作为细胞增殖的标志物,常用于评估肿瘤细胞的增殖活性[10]。研究显示,Notch通路的激活可以促进VEGFA的表达,从而增强肿瘤微环境中的血管生成[11]。
半夏泻心汤由仲景所创,具有平调寒热、升清降浊之效,在防治胃癌方面有着较好的疗效。我们前期研究发现,半夏泻心汤在一定程度上防止MNNG诱导大鼠胃鳞癌的发生[12]。本研究采用“MNNG灌胃+自由饮用法”诱导胃癌大鼠模型,此方法适用于观察中药复方对胃癌大鼠的效果。同时,本研究通过探讨半夏泻心汤对胃癌大鼠Notch1通路及下游VEGFA、Ki67表达的影响,为其治疗胃癌提供依据。
50只SPF级雄性SD大鼠,于北京市华阜康生物科技股份有限公司[SCXK(京)2019-0 008,No.110322220100846112]购入。SD大鼠年龄为4周,体质量为(200±20)g。编号后分笼饲养,室温20~26℃,相对湿度40%~70%,通风次数为15次/h,光照为12 h明、12 h暗。
半夏泻心汤由以下成分组成:清半夏15 g,黄芩9 g,干姜9 g,党参9 g,炙甘草9 g,黄连3 g,大枣4枚,所有药材均由天津中医药大学第二附属医院中药房提供。根据人体与大鼠之间的剂量换算系数,计算出给药剂量:如果患者每天需要55 g的半夏泻心汤全方生药,那么对于200 g的大鼠来说,每天需要0.99 g生药,即生药4.95 g/kg体质量;大鼠的半夏泻心汤剂量相当于成人临床等效剂量。因此,将水煎剂浓缩至每毫升含有0.495 g生药,以10 mL/kg体质量的剂量每日灌胃一次;盐酸雷尼替丁胶囊则由广东恒健制药有限公司供应,通过将水和0.03%雷尼替丁混合,制备成雷尼替丁溶液用于口服。
N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍(MNNG,纯度95%,70-25-7,上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司,中国);苏木精-伊红(珠海贝索生物技术有限公司,中国);RIPA裂解液(上海碧云天生物技术股份有限公司,中国);5%牛血清白蛋白(BSA)(北京博奥拓达科技有限公司,中国);Notch1(货号3608S,CST,美国)、Jagged1(货号bs-1448r,BIOSS,中国)、Dll4(货号 E-AB-70190,Elobscience,中国)、Hes1(货号ab108937,Abcam,英国)、β-tubulin(货号TA-10,ZSGBBIO,中国)、Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG(货号ZB-2301,ZSGBBIO,中国)、Goat Anti-Mouse IgG(货号ZB-2305,ZSGBBIO,中国)、Ki67(货号28074-1-AP,Proteintech,中国)、VEGFA(货号bs-4572R,BIOSS,中国)等抗体;兔二步法检测试剂盒(PV-9001,ZSGB-BIO,中国);台式组织脱水机(LEi-CA TP-1020,Leica Biosystems,德国);轮式切片机(LEiCA HistoCore MULTICUT,Leica Biosystems,德国);聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)膜(Merck Millipore,美国);全自动化学/荧光/凝胶成像分析仪(北京赛智创业科技有限公司,中国)。
从50只大鼠中随机选择10只作为空白组,剩余40只每日上午给予0.017 mol/L的MNNG溶液灌胃,并自由饮用120 μg/mL MNNG溶液(模拟人类过量摄入硝酸盐在胃内转化为亚硝酸胺),每日使用6.75 mg/kg雷尼替丁溶液对大鼠进行灌胃(模拟人类胃酸分泌减少),大鼠每进食2 d,禁食1 d(模拟人类饥饱失常、不良饮食习惯),并在大鼠禁食当日15∶00以56℃15%NaCl溶液灌胃(模拟烫热高盐饮食),在第40周末随机选择12只大鼠作为半夏泻心汤组给予12周的半夏泻心汤灌胃,其余大鼠作为模型组予等量生理盐水,于第52周末各组取材检测。
造模期间每隔两周记录大鼠体质量变化,给药期间每周记录大鼠体质量变化。
实验结束后,用2%戊巴比妥钠麻醉处理大鼠,取全胃,从大鼠的胃大弯侧剪开,剪开后将胃组织洗净,一部分组织固定后石蜡包埋,于干燥避光环境保存以备切片及染色;剩余组织冻存于-80℃环境中以备后续实验。
将胃组织样本浸泡在10%的中性甲醛溶液中以固定形态,于乙醇和二甲苯溶液中进行脱水处理,随后使用石蜡进行包埋。等待石蜡固化后,将组织切片至4μm厚。在切片干燥并经水合去蜡处理后,实施HE染色。使用光学显微镜,采用10×、20×放大倍率观察胃黏膜组织的萎缩程度和腺体结构。
研磨裂解后的胃组织提取处理得到蛋白质,随后采用BCA法定量检测蛋白质浓度。蛋白质条带通过SDS-PAGE法分离,然后转移到PVDF膜上。在含有TBST和5%BSA的溶液中封闭膜,然后将膜与一抗Notch1(1∶1000)、Jagged1(1∶1000)、Dll4(1∶1000)、Hes1(1∶1000)和Mouseβ-tubulin(1∶2000)在4℃下过夜孵育。次日将反应膜用TBST洗涤3次后,与由封闭液和二抗Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG(1∶5000)、Goat Anti-Mouse IgG(1∶5000)制成的工作液在室温环境下孵育60 min,接着洗去二抗后,在全自动化学/荧光/凝胶成像分析仪中,调整合适的曝光时间拍照并洗片,采用Image J软件半定量分析条带的光密度值,最终结果以目的蛋白与内参的吸光度比值表示(归一化处理)。所有抗体信息见表1。
依次将石蜡切片放入二甲苯和分级乙醇脱蜡并水化,接着将组织切片放在装满EDTA抗原修复缓冲液(pH 9.0)的高压锅内,并加热直到高压锅开始冒气后3 min为止,自然冷却后将玻片置于PBS(pH 7.4)中晃动洗涤浸泡3次,每次3 min以进行抗原修复。接着将切片放入内源性过氧化物酶阻断剂中,室温避光孵育15 min,于PBS(pH 7.4)中晃动洗涤浸泡3次,每次3 min以避免非特异性染色。然后将切片与Ki67(1∶100)、VEGFA(1∶100)、Notch1(1∶50)、Jagged1(1∶200)、Dll4(1∶200)、Hes1(1∶100)抗体在4℃下孵育过夜。过夜后加反应增强液,在37℃下孵育20 min后滴加增强酶标聚合物覆盖组织,接着继续在37℃下孵育20 min。随后滴加DAB显色液染色,最后用苏木精复染。脱水后,用中性树胶封片并在显微镜下检查。随机截取了每组大鼠中3个以上的胃组织切面图,采用Image J软件进行平均光密度值(OD)的半定量分析。
采用Graphpad Pism 9.5进行统计学分析,两组之间构成比的比较采用Fisher精确检验,两组之间的差异比较采用独立样本t检验,而多组之间的差异比较采用单因素ANOVA分析,方差齐者采用LSD检验,方差不齐者选用Dunnet T3检验。以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义,P<0.01为差异具有显著统计学意义。
结果显示,干预前模型组与半夏泻心汤组大鼠体质量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。12周的干预结束后,与模型组相比,半夏泻心汤组大鼠体质量显著升高(P<0.01)。见表1。
HE染色结果显示,空白组黏膜各层结构完整,厚度均匀正常,腺体排列整齐,极向正常,腺上皮细胞未见异型,腺体间及黏膜基底部偶见散在炎细胞浸润;模型组的8只大鼠中,有6只的胃组织出现了肿瘤,肿瘤可侵犯达肌层。见插页Ⅲ图1。与模型组相比,半夏泻心汤组大鼠的肿瘤发病率从75%(6/8)降低到33.3%(3/9),减少了55.6%(P=0.153),虽然这次检查的P值为0.153,这可能与样本量不足有关,我们仍然认为这是半夏泻心汤抗肿瘤作用的证据。见表2。
与空白组比较,模型组胃组织Ki67表达水平显著升高(P<0.01),VEGFA表达水平升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,半夏泻心汤组大鼠胃组织Ki67、VEGFA表达水平均显著降低(P<0.01)。见插页Ⅲ图2。
由Western Blot结果可得,与空白组比较,模型组大鼠胃组织Notch1、Jagged1、Dll4、Hes1蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P<0.01);与模型组相比,半夏泻心汤组大鼠胃组织Notch1、Jagged1、Dll4、Hes1蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P<0.01)。见图3。
由免疫组化染色结果可得,与空白组比较,模型组大鼠胃组织Notch1、Jagged1、Dll4、Hes1表达水平均显著升高(P<0.01);与模型组相比,半夏泻心汤组大鼠胃组织Notch1、Jagged1表达水平均显著降低(P<0.01),Dll4、Hes1表达水平均降低(P<0.05)。见插页Ⅳ图4。
胃癌是消化系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,中国占全球胃癌病例的42.6%,胃癌粗发病率已从26.81/10万上升至43.09/10万,粗病死率从25.81/10万增长至29.64/10万[13]。随着对中药研究的不断深入,大量研究表明,中医药在胃癌治疗中可以起到增效减毒的作用[14-16]。
本研究以长期“MNNG灌胃+自由饮用”法造模,模拟人类胃癌发生发展的过程[17],并在中医理论的指导下,观察“辛开苦降、平调寒热、升清降浊”之半夏泻心汤对MNNG诱导的胃癌大鼠VEGFA和Ki67蛋白表达的影响,并与Notch1信号通路相关研究紧密结合,旨在阐明半夏泻心汤治疗胃癌的作用机制。
VEGFA是一种重要的促血管生成因子,主要通过与VEGFR-2受体结合,促进新生血管的生成,帮助肿瘤获得氧气和营养。在胃癌中,VEGFA的过表达与肿瘤的侵袭性、转移性以及不良预后密切相关。它的高水平还与肿瘤新生血管增加有关,这加速了胃癌的生长和扩散[18-19]。Ki67是一种反映细胞增殖活性的标志物,仅在活跃增殖期表达,其高表达通常预示肿瘤的快速生长、较强的侵袭性及较差的预后[20]。本研究结果表明,在MNNG诱导的胃癌大鼠中,模型组大鼠VEGFA、Ki67蛋白较空白组明显升高,而半夏泻心汤干预后,VEGFA、Ki67蛋白表达则较模型组降低,这表明半夏泻心汤可抑制胃癌的增殖及血管生成。
Notch信号通路主要由4种Notch跨膜受体(Notch1~4)、6种相应配体(Jagged1~2、Dll1~4)、DNA结合蛋白及下游靶基因构成。Notch信号通路通过细胞间接触和其他通路间的串扰来调控发挥生物学功能,包括细胞分化、增殖与凋亡、肿瘤血管生成和炎症反应等[21]。MA H N等[22]研究发现,敲低胃癌细胞系中Notch1表达水平,可导致胃癌细胞停滞在细胞周期中的G0/G1阶段,从而抑制胃癌生长发育和增殖迁移能力。Dll4是Notch1的配体之一,主要表达于肿瘤周围血管内皮细胞中,可调节Notch1、Hes1、基质金属蛋白酶9等表达水平,增强肿瘤相关血管生成能力,诱导产生胃黏膜上皮细胞恶性表型,上调致瘤能力[23]。本研究方案中采用MNNG参与胃黏膜微血管损伤,腺上皮发生异型增生,极易诱导形成肿瘤血管新生局部微环境,导致Dll4表达增加。半夏泻心汤干预后可降低Dll4表达趋势以抑制肿瘤周围血管内皮细胞活性。Jagged1作为Notch1的另一经典配体,在肿瘤细胞中,可依赖肿瘤表皮生长因子(EGFR)活化而表达[24]。Jagged1能够影响邻近细胞的Notch信号通路,增强肿瘤细胞VEGF活性,参与肿瘤侵袭表型形成,作为促血管生成因子帮助肿瘤细胞实现深部浸润和远处转移[25]。Hes1属于基本螺旋-环-螺旋(bHLH)蛋白家族,它通过调控基因表达在细胞增殖、分化、存活和凋亡等生物过程中发挥重要作用。Hes1通过增强癌细胞的存活能力、维持癌症干细胞特性及促进侵袭性和转移性行为来促进肿瘤的恶性发展[26]。本研究发现,MNNG诱导的胃癌大鼠Notch通路相关蛋白(Notch1、Dll4、Jagged1、Hes1)的表达明显升高,这表明Notch1信号通路在胃癌发生发展中处于异常激活状态。而半夏泻心汤的干预降低了胃癌大鼠Notch1通路上述蛋白表达。结果表明,半夏泻心汤治疗抑制了胃癌发生发展过程中Notch1通路的激活。
综上所述,本研究结果证实半夏泻心汤可作为一种防治胃癌发生发展的手段,改善MNNG诱导的胃组织病理情况,其机制可能与干预Notch1信号通路,调节VEGF、Ki67表达相关。但胃黏膜发展成胃癌所涉及的基因、通路及病理改变环节,是一个庞大复杂的体系,半夏泻心汤防治胃癌的作用机制在未来的研究中仍需深入探究。
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(82274442)
  • 天津市卫生健康委员会中医药重点领域科研项目(202007)
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2025年第43卷第11期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.11.002
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-11-10
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国家自然科学基金面上项目(82274442)
天津市卫生健康委员会中医药重点领域科研项目(202007)
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    1.天津中医药大学第二附属医院,天津 300250
    2.天津中医药大学,天津 301617
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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