Article(id=1322927505841193272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322925862630339452, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.07.002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793340096196, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1752076800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793340096196, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793340096196, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793340096196, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322925862630339452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='7', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1752076800000', pubDateStr='2025-07-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339704424, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340532184, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929334587105328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322925862630339452, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929334587105329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322925862630339452, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=6, endPage=9, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322927506101240121, articleId=1322927505841193272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Effect of Acupotomy Intervention on Expressions of Substance P,Bradykinin and Related Inflammatory Factors in Cervical Myocytes of Cervical Spondylosis, columnId=1256183423710970242, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=New Opinion of Ph.D. Supervisor, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To observe the effects of acupotomy intervention on the morphology of cervical muscle tissue,and the contents of cytokine and neuropeptide in rabbits with cervical spondylosis.

Methods

Thirty 6-month-old male New Zealand rabbits of ordinary health were randomly divided into acupotomy group,model group and blank group,with 10 rabbits in each group. The rabbits in the model and acupotomy groups were fixed in a head-down posture in a model box with ice packs applied to the neck once a day for 5 hours,continuing for 4 weeks to establish a cervical spondylosis model. After successful model establishment,the blank group and model group were raised under normal conditions,while the acupotomy group received acupotomy interventions at the cervical spinous processes and the areas of muscle nodules and cord-like sensations in the neck muscles,once a week for a total of three times. One week after the intervention,the posterior neck muscles and serum of the rabbits were collected. The morphological changes in the neck muscles were observed under a light microscope using HE staining. The serum cytokines[tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8)]were detected by ELISA and neck muscle neuropeptides(substance P,bradykinin)were detected by immunohistochemistry.

Results

The sections from the model group revealed significant pathological changes under light microscopy,including disorderly degeneration alignment of muscle cells,edema,twisted and fractured muscle fibers,and extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells. The acupotomy group showed significant improvement in the structure of the neck muscles,with muscle fibers arrangement resembling that of the blank group,indicating that the acupotomy intervention could effectively restore the morphology of the damaged rabbit neck muscles and reduce inflammation levels. The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,substance P and bradykinin in the model group were significantly higher than those in the blank group(P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,substance Pand bradykinin in the acupotomy group were significantly lower than those in the model group(P<0.05).

Conclusion

Acupotomy therapy can reduce the levels of inflammatory mediators(TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8),and regulate the contents of substance P and bradykinin,alleviate inflammation and pain,and effectively promote the repair of damaged neck muscles.

, authors=Fushui LIU1, Chang’an REN2, Xiaole WANG1, Ting FANG1, Maosheng ZHOU1, Junnan JI1, Jiaming QIAN2, Xiaolan ZHAO2, authorsList=Fushui LIU, Chang’an REN, Xiaole WANG, Ting FANG, Maosheng ZHOU, Junnan JI, Jiaming QIAN, Xiaolan ZHAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322927509918056781, articleId=1322927505841193272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=针刀干预对颈椎病颈肌细胞P物质、缓激肽和相关炎症因子表达的影响, columnId=1256183426563096985, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=博士导师新论, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

观察针刀干预对颈椎病兔颈肌组织形态学、神经肽、细胞因子含量的影响及在疼痛调控中的重要作用。

方法

按随机数字表法将30只6月龄普通级雄性健康新西兰兔分为3组:针刀组、模型组、空白组,每组10只。模型组和针刀组新西兰兔固定在低头位模型盒中,颈部冰敷,1次/d,每次5 h,持续4周以建立颈椎病模型。在模型构建成功后,空白组和模型组常规饲养,针刀组于颈椎棘突、触及颈肌硬结及条索感处进行针刀干预,每周1次,共3次。干预结束1周后,取兔颈后伸肌和血清,利用苏木精-伊红(HE)染色在普通光镜下观察颈肌形态学变化;免疫组化法检测颈肌神经肽(P物质、缓激肽)含量;酶联免疫法检测血清细胞因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)]含量。

结果

光镜下模型组肌细胞排列杂乱变性和水肿,肌纤维扭曲断裂,有大量炎性细胞浸润。针刀组颈肌结构得到改善,肌纤维排列接近空白组,初步证明针刀干预能有效恢复受损兔颈肌形态,减少炎症水平。模型组P物质、缓激肽和TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8高于空白组(P<0.05)。针刀组P物质、缓激肽和TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8低于模型组(P<0.05)。

结论

针刀疗法可降低颈椎病兔颈肌神经肽和TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8含量,减轻炎症反应、缓解疼痛,有效促进受损颈肌修复。

, authors=刘福水1, 任长安2, 王小乐1, 方婷1, 周毛生1, 齐俊南1, 钱嘉铭2, 赵小兰2, authorsList=刘福水, 任长安, 王小乐, 方婷, 周毛生, 齐俊南, 钱嘉铭, 赵小兰, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

刘福水(1979-),男,江西上饶人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针刀医学临床和基础。

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刘福水(1979-),男,江西上饶人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针刀医学临床和基础。

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刘福水(1979-),男,江西上饶人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针刀医学临床和基础。

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caption=各组兔颈肌组织SP含量比较, figureFileSmall=4GDQOFTZuUjv3UMwuHJJ1g==, figureFileBig=2yP6sidmsXsPwiJNmfQgbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322927524098998677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322927505841193272, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=OjVsqGQYhcLDj6IzxAl1eQ==, figureFileBig=SiAlpTAg3oAHDT+IO97FgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322927524170301846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322927505841193272, language=CN, label=图5, caption=各组兔血清中IL-8、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的含量, figureFileSmall=OjVsqGQYhcLDj6IzxAl1eQ==, figureFileBig=SiAlpTAg3oAHDT+IO97FgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322927524249993623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322927505841193272, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nBRPS积分
模型组86.79±0.23
针刀组80.25±1.28*
), ArticleFig(id=1322927524329685400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322927505841193272, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各组兔BRPS积分比较(±s)

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组别nBRPS积分
模型组86.79±0.23
针刀组80.25±1.28*
), ArticleFig(id=1322927524396794265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322927505841193272, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nIOD值
空白组3625.514±115.618△
模型组33 124.854±1 049.054*
针刀组389.589±129.106△
), ArticleFig(id=1322927524459708826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322927505841193272, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组兔颈肌中BK累积光密度比较(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nIOD值
空白组3625.514±115.618△
模型组33 124.854±1 049.054*
针刀组389.589±129.106△
), ArticleFig(id=1322927524535206299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322927505841193272, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nIOD值
空白组3834.880±151.160△
模型组34 157.227±726.298*
针刀组31 709.601±136.270△
), ArticleFig(id=1322927524598120860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322927505841193272, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各组兔颈肌中SP累积光密度比较(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nIOD值
空白组3834.880±151.160△
模型组34 157.227±726.298*
针刀组31 709.601±136.270△
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针刀干预对颈椎病颈肌细胞P物质、缓激肽和相关炎症因子表达的影响
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刘福水 1 , 任长安 2 , 王小乐 1 , 方婷 1 , 周毛生 1 , 齐俊南 1 , 钱嘉铭 2 , 赵小兰 2
中华中医药学刊 | 博士导师新论 2025,43(7): 6-9
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中华中医药学刊 |博士导师新论 2025 , 43 (7) : 6 -9
针刀干预对颈椎病颈肌细胞P物质、缓激肽和相关炎症因子表达的影响
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刘福水(1979-),男,江西上饶人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针刀医学临床和基础。

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刘福水(1979-),男,江西上饶人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针刀医学临床和基础。

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刘福水1, 任长安2, 王小乐1, 方婷1, 周毛生1, 齐俊南1, 钱嘉铭2, 赵小兰2
作者信息
  • 1.江西中医药大学附属医院,江西 南昌 330000
  • 2.江西中医药大学,江西 南昌 330000
作者简介:

刘福水(1979-),男,江西上饶人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针刀医学临床和基础。

Effect of Acupotomy Intervention on Expressions of Substance P,Bradykinin and Related Inflammatory Factors in Cervical Myocytes of Cervical Spondylosis
Fushui LIU1, Chang’an REN2, Xiaole WANG1, Ting FANG1, Maosheng ZHOU1, Junnan JI1, Jiaming QIAN2, Xiaolan ZHAO2
Affiliations
  • 1.Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330000,Jiangxi,China
  • 2.Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330000,Jiangxi,China
出版时间: 2025-07-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.07.002
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目的

观察针刀干预对颈椎病兔颈肌组织形态学、神经肽、细胞因子含量的影响及在疼痛调控中的重要作用。

方法

按随机数字表法将30只6月龄普通级雄性健康新西兰兔分为3组:针刀组、模型组、空白组,每组10只。模型组和针刀组新西兰兔固定在低头位模型盒中,颈部冰敷,1次/d,每次5 h,持续4周以建立颈椎病模型。在模型构建成功后,空白组和模型组常规饲养,针刀组于颈椎棘突、触及颈肌硬结及条索感处进行针刀干预,每周1次,共3次。干预结束1周后,取兔颈后伸肌和血清,利用苏木精-伊红(HE)染色在普通光镜下观察颈肌形态学变化;免疫组化法检测颈肌神经肽(P物质、缓激肽)含量;酶联免疫法检测血清细胞因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)]含量。

结果

光镜下模型组肌细胞排列杂乱变性和水肿,肌纤维扭曲断裂,有大量炎性细胞浸润。针刀组颈肌结构得到改善,肌纤维排列接近空白组,初步证明针刀干预能有效恢复受损兔颈肌形态,减少炎症水平。模型组P物质、缓激肽和TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8高于空白组(P<0.05)。针刀组P物质、缓激肽和TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8低于模型组(P<0.05)。

结论

针刀疗法可降低颈椎病兔颈肌神经肽和TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8含量,减轻炎症反应、缓解疼痛,有效促进受损颈肌修复。

针刀  /  颈椎病  /  超微结构  /  颈肌  /  细胞因子  /  神经肽
Objective

To observe the effects of acupotomy intervention on the morphology of cervical muscle tissue,and the contents of cytokine and neuropeptide in rabbits with cervical spondylosis.

Methods

Thirty 6-month-old male New Zealand rabbits of ordinary health were randomly divided into acupotomy group,model group and blank group,with 10 rabbits in each group. The rabbits in the model and acupotomy groups were fixed in a head-down posture in a model box with ice packs applied to the neck once a day for 5 hours,continuing for 4 weeks to establish a cervical spondylosis model. After successful model establishment,the blank group and model group were raised under normal conditions,while the acupotomy group received acupotomy interventions at the cervical spinous processes and the areas of muscle nodules and cord-like sensations in the neck muscles,once a week for a total of three times. One week after the intervention,the posterior neck muscles and serum of the rabbits were collected. The morphological changes in the neck muscles were observed under a light microscope using HE staining. The serum cytokines[tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8)]were detected by ELISA and neck muscle neuropeptides(substance P,bradykinin)were detected by immunohistochemistry.

Results

The sections from the model group revealed significant pathological changes under light microscopy,including disorderly degeneration alignment of muscle cells,edema,twisted and fractured muscle fibers,and extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells. The acupotomy group showed significant improvement in the structure of the neck muscles,with muscle fibers arrangement resembling that of the blank group,indicating that the acupotomy intervention could effectively restore the morphology of the damaged rabbit neck muscles and reduce inflammation levels. The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,substance P and bradykinin in the model group were significantly higher than those in the blank group(P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,substance Pand bradykinin in the acupotomy group were significantly lower than those in the model group(P<0.05).

Conclusion

Acupotomy therapy can reduce the levels of inflammatory mediators(TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8),and regulate the contents of substance P and bradykinin,alleviate inflammation and pain,and effectively promote the repair of damaged neck muscles.

acupotomy  /  cervical spondylosis  /  ultrastructure  /  neck muscles  /  cytokines  /  neuropeptides
刘福水, 任长安, 王小乐, 方婷, 周毛生, 齐俊南, 钱嘉铭, 赵小兰. 针刀干预对颈椎病颈肌细胞P物质、缓激肽和相关炎症因子表达的影响. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (7) : 6 -9 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.07.002
Fushui LIU, Chang’an REN, Xiaole WANG, Ting FANG, Maosheng ZHOU, Junnan JI, Jiaming QIAN, Xiaolan ZHAO. Effect of Acupotomy Intervention on Expressions of Substance P,Bradykinin and Related Inflammatory Factors in Cervical Myocytes of Cervical Spondylosis[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (7) : 6 -9 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.07.002
颈椎病患者通常经历由急性损伤或长期退行性变引发的颈痛,严重影响患者生活质量[1]。近年来,细胞因子和神经递质在颈痛中的影响逐渐受到重视[2]。研究发现,神经递质如P物质(SP)和缓激肽(BK)在这一过程中起关键作用[3],肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)等的释放是推动颈椎病炎症进程和组织损伤的相关炎症因子。SHAH J P等[4]的研究表明,这些细胞因子和神经递质在受损软组织区域的浓度显著增加,是治疗颈椎病软组织损伤缓解颈痛的潜在靶点。
课题组前期研究证实针刀治疗颈椎病疗效显著[5-7],但针刀对疼痛改善的评估及炎症因子的影响有待探究。基于此,本次研究通过针刀干预颈椎病兔模型,并检测兔颈肌及血清中相关炎性因子的表达,探究针刀减轻疼痛治疗颈椎病的作用机制,以丰富针刀这一中医传统非药物传承创新疗法的炎症调控机制。
30只6月龄健康普通级新西兰兔,体质量(2.5±0.5)kg,购于赣州市畜牧水产研究所,动物合格证号:SCXK(赣)2018-0009,经1周的适应性饲养。按随机数字表法将30只实验兔分为空白组、模型组、针刀组,每组10只。单笼饲养,标准饲料,自由摄食饮水。本实验遵守《关于善待实验动物的指导性意见》中的相关规定,各项材料均符合伦理审查制度要求(伦理编号:JZLLSC20230678)。
联系厂家定制颈椎病造模盒;一次性针刀(汉章牌,0.4 mm×40 mm);包埋机(武汉俊杰);病理切片机(上海徕卡);组织摊片机(金华科迪);脱色摇床(钟摆式)、涡旋混匀仪(武汉赛维尔);冰冻切片机(赛默飞世尔科技);酶标检测仪(BioTeK);正置光学显微镜(日本尼康);成像系统(日本尼康);台式高速冷冻离心机(大龙);高速组织研磨仪(Servicebio)。
苏木精-伊红(HE)染色试剂盒(Servicebio,货号G1076);兔子TNF-α酶联免疫试剂盒(CUSABIO;货号CSBE06998Rb);兔子IL-8酶联免疫试剂盒(CUSABIO;货号CSB-E06905Rb)兔子IL-6酶联免疫试剂盒(CUSABIO,货号CSB-E06903Rb);兔子IL-1β酶联免疫试剂盒(CUSABIO,货号CSB-E06900Rb);兔Substance P抗体(bioss,货号bs-0065R);兔Bradykinin抗体(bioss,货号bs-10947R);PBS缓冲液(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,货号G0002);DAB显色剂(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,货号G1212)。无水乙醇(国药集团化学试剂有限公司,货号100092683);二甲苯(国药集团化学试剂有限公司,货号10023418);正丁醇(国药集团化学试剂有限公司,货号100052190)。
在课题组前期实验基础上进一步改进[8]。颈部加冰袋冰敷(2~5℃),1次/d,每次低头5 h,造模期间注意观察实验兔,及时调整,避免出现挣扎窒息、骨折等情况,连续造模4周。
造模完成的第2天,从各组中随机选择2只实验兔进行颈椎X线侧位片检查,以观察颈椎生理曲度,椎间孔、椎间隙、椎体骨质增生等情况,以验证造模是否成功。
空白组:予拟干预抓取,余时间正常饲养。
模型组:在成功建立模型后,予拟干预抓取,余时间正常饲养。
针刀组:模型建立成功1周后,开始进行针刀干预[9]。具体操作步骤为:将新西兰兔固定在治疗台上,安抚待其平静下来后,剃除颈部毛发,对颈部进行触诊。选择斜方肌起点、胸锁乳突肌的乳突附着点、颈椎关节突出部及局部硬结或条索状物作为针刀进针的部位,每次选择2~3个点,并用记号笔进行标记。进行常规的皮肤准备和消毒后,将针刀刺入标记点,沿进针部位进行纵疏横剥等操作。操作完成后,拔针刀并对刺入点按压3 min以止血。针刀干预每周1次,共进行3次。
各组实验兔于治疗结束1周后进行取材观测。所有实验兔均采用3%戊巴比妥钠麻醉过量处死,用锋利的刀片切取C3-C4棘突旁深层肌1 mm,放置于冻存管,-80℃冷冻,以备实验指标检测。
根据BRPS[10](一种针对兔的多维复合疼痛量表)评估实验兔疼痛程度。模型组及针刀组从治疗开始到取材前进行BPRS评分,共观察4周,对比模型组及治疗后针刀组的疼痛评分。包括6个类别(举止、姿势、运动、耳朵、眼睛和梳理)和4种疼痛强度(0、1、2和3)的综合疼痛量表,总分从0~18分。具体方法如下:观察实验兔3 min,然后安静地接近笼子,根据其在大部分观察中表现出的行为,对每个类别进行0~3分的评分,最后计算总分。
对兔C3-C4棘突旁深层肌组织石蜡切片先进行脱蜡、水洗,再室温复温、固定、冲洗。预处理后,依次进行苏木素染色、伊红染色,最后脱水、透明、封片,显微镜下观察。
石蜡切片经脱蜡、水化、抗原修复和内源性过氧化物酶阻断等。于组化圈内滴加3%BSA均匀覆盖组织,室温封闭30 min,加入一抗(稀释比为1∶200),切片平放于湿盒内4℃孵育过夜,加HRP标记二抗覆盖组织,室温孵育50 min。玻片置于PBS(pH为7.4)中,在脱色摇床上漂洗3次,每次5 min,用DAB进行显色,细胞核复染,并通过系列酒精和二甲苯进行脱水和透明化处理。封片后置于白光显微镜下进行结果分析,Image J系统采集分析图像数据。得到的数据基于免疫组化染色的阳性信号强度,以累积光密度(IOD)为量化指标。IOD=平均光密度×阳性面积。
取每组5只实验兔的血清严格按照试剂盒说明书进行操作,样品准备、涂板、封闭、洗涤,加入检测抗体,再次洗涤,底物加入,反应终止,使用酶标仪在450 nm波长测量吸光度值,根据标准曲线计算出实际含量,用GraphPad Prism 9软件作图分析。
实验数据采用SPSS 27.0统计分析。计量资料符合正态分布以均值±标准差()表示。不符合正态分布的数据,采用非参数检验进行组间比较:两组数据比较使用Mann-Whitney U检验。满足方差齐性和正态分布检验的数据,组间使用单因素方差分析(One-Way ANOVA)进一步分析。以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
如插页Ⅲ图1所示,在空白组的实验兔中,颈椎的生理曲度正常,椎间隙未出现增宽或狭窄现象,椎体排列规整,椎体前后缘未见增生。模型组和针刀组颈椎生理曲度可见变直,颈椎4/5、颈椎5/6椎间隙明显变窄,椎间孔变小,椎体可见骨锥形成。
30只雄性新西兰实验兔一般情况良好,活泼好动,食欲良好,梳理毛发。体温在38~39℃,呼吸平稳而不费力,心率稳定。皮毛柔软有光泽;皮肤干净,无红肿、溃疡或其他异常情况。圆形粪便,颜色深褐色或棕色,尿液清澈无异味。造模后的实验兔神态萎靡,食欲下降,清洁及活动减少,对外界反应灵敏度降低,部分兔前肢出现跛行。适当的疼痛评估最好通过使用特定物种的多维疼痛量表来实现,我们根据BRPS评估针刀组造模前后的疼痛状态,结果表明针刀组在治疗期间一般情况较造模后有所改善。见表1。
空白组横切面:肌肉组织密集,肌纤维空间紧凑,呈现较为规则的多边形,间隙均匀,核染色一致;纵切面:肌细胞线性排列,间隙均匀,肌核沿肌纤维线性排列,未见细胞肿胀及炎性浸润。见插页Ⅳ图2。
模型组横切面:肌细胞排列松散杂乱,核染色不均,细胞核明显增多;纵切面:肌纤维排列不匀、扭曲断裂、间隙增大,核染色深浅不一,肌细胞变性和水肿,有大量炎性细胞浸润。见插页Ⅳ图2。
针刀组横切面:肌肉组织结构较模型组规整,少量肌细胞肿胀,间隙较小,细胞核清晰;纵切面:肌细胞延伸顺畅接近空白组,间隙均匀,结构整齐,无结缔和瘢痕增生,炎性浸润明显减少。见插页Ⅳ图2。
光镜下模型组肌细胞排列杂乱变性和水肿,肌纤维扭曲断裂,有大量炎性细胞浸润。针刀组颈肌结构得到改善,肌纤维排列接近空白组,初步证明针刀干预能有效恢复受损兔颈肌形态,降低炎症水平。
模型组免颈肌BK含量较空白组明显升高(P<0.05);针刀组与模型组比较,BK含量明显下降(P<0.05)。说明针刀干预可减少兔颈肌组织BK的含量水平。见插页Ⅲ图3、表2。
模型组SP含量水平较空白组明显升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,针刀组的SP含量水平明显下降(P<0.05)。说明针刀干预可减少兔颈肌组织SP的含量。见插页Ⅴ图4、表3。
在模型组中,兔血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8的水平较空白组有显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在针刀治疗后,这些炎症因子的含量相较于模型组有显著下降,差异具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。然而,针刀组中的TNFα、IL-1β、IL-8水平虽然较模型组降低,但与空白组相比仍然较高,这一差异同样具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见插页Ⅴ图5。
颈肌是颈部运动的关键动力,也是维持颈椎结构完整性和力学平衡的基石[11]。研究表明,颈肌的急慢性损伤、姿势不良,以及过度的精神压力都能导致颈椎功能紊乱,这些因素共同触发颈痛和一系列相关症状[12-13]。程少丹等[14]就此提出肌源性颈椎病学说,进一步明确了长期不良体位和外在刺激对颈肌损伤和痉挛的影响,从而激发炎症反应,引起神经血管变形和痛觉敏化,被认为是颈椎病早期的重要病理因素。在这一领域的后续研究中,于栋等[15]通过实验模型验证了颈部肌肉的异常可能是颈椎病形成的初步因素。改善疼痛的能力取决于充分检测和量化疼痛的能力[16],本研究采用BPRS评分量表,通过详尽的疼痛评估,为疼痛的量化提供了有效工具,证实模型兔有疼痛表现,也表明了针刀有改善疼痛的能力。
颈椎病的长期反复疼痛通常与神经肽的释放和炎症因子的进一步推动有关,本研究的结果显示针刀组P物质、缓激肽和相关炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8含量低于模型组(P<0.05),提示针刀疗法可以影响神经肽和炎症因子的表达,从而降低颈肌的炎症水平,也提示这些指标是潜在评估颈椎病疼痛的标记分子。
BK是一种血管活性肽,参与急性和慢性炎症,可导致疼痛、血管舒张和水肿等症状[17],是目前已知的最强致痛物质及重要的炎症介导因子[18]。SP能够增强疼痛信号的传递,特别是在痛觉神经纤维被激活时,如组织损伤或炎症[19],进一步加剧炎症反应和疼痛。这种疼痛不仅限于肌肉组织本身,还可能通过反射和放射作用影响到邻近的结构,包括椎间盘和神经根。因此,颈肌的紊乱可以引起一系列的生物力学和病理变化,导致颈椎病的发展。炎症反应在这一过程中发挥了核心作用。当颈肌受损时,细胞因子表达会增加。例如TNF-α则在炎症发生初期起着关键作用[20],能够促进炎症细胞的激活和吸引,增加血管通透性,促进其他细胞因子(如IL-1β和IL-6)的产生。IL-8是一种主要由单核细胞和巨噬细胞产生的趋化因子,吸引特定类型的白细胞(如中性粒细胞)到炎症区域,在受到外界刺激时,其表达水平会迅速上调10~100倍,加剧炎症反应[21]。这些细胞因子通过不同的机制参与疼痛的产生和炎症反应的调节,加剧组织损伤,并激活疼痛途径。王小云等[22]在颈椎病变处发现了大量的促炎因子,如IL-1、IL-6、IL-18和TNF-α等。与本实验相同的疾病造模下,李沅骋等[23]、张圆芳等[24]、杨莹莹等[25]的研究均表明模型组的肌肉出现明显的炎性反应和炎性细胞浸润。
针刀疗法作为一种创新的中医治疗手段,自20世纪70年代末发明至今在临床上推广较快,现已成为治疗颈椎病的常用方法。有多项研究表明[26-27],针刀疗法通过松解局部软组织,恢复肌肉力学平衡,可以调节神经肽的表达,发挥镇痛作用[28]。还有研究证实经过针刀治疗以后能够使SP和缓激肽的含量显著降低[29]。张航[30]观察小针刀治疗对无菌性炎症的影响,治疗3周后发现小针刀组IL-6、hs-CRP、PCT水平均低于对照组。
综上所述,针刀疗法具有缓解炎症的作用,同时有效地促进了受损肌肉和软组织的修复过程。针刀疗法通过直接作用于病变部位,不仅改善了局部血液循环,降低了炎症介质的浓度,还可能通过影响神经末梢的传导,减轻疼痛感知。这种多方位的治疗作用,不仅在症状控制上显示出明显效果,更在组织层面促进了自然愈合进程。这一发现为针刀疗法治疗颈椎病提供了科学依据,并揭示了其潜在的作用机制。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(82360940)
  • 江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20224ACB206041)
  • 江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ211206; GJJ22000984; GJJ2200990)
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2025年第43卷第7期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.07.002
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-07-10
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国家自然科学基金项目(82360940)
江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20224ACB206041)
江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ211206; GJJ22000984; GJJ2200990)
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    1.江西中医药大学附属医院,江西 南昌 330000
    2.江西中医药大学,江西 南昌 330000
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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