Article(id=1322926936846115374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926740955341011, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.10.035, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339960538, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1760025600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339960538, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339960538, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339960538, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322926740955341011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1760025600000', pubDateStr='2025-10-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339913834, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340753123, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322930261259846420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926740955341011, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322930261259846421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926740955341011, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=189, endPage=194, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322926937022276143, articleId=1322926936846115374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Effect of“Zhibian(BL54)-to-Shuidao(ST28)”Acupuncture Method on Endoplasmic Reticulum Apoptosis Pathway in Ovarian Hyporesponsive Mice, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To observe the effect of the“Zhibian(BL54)-to-Shuidao(ST28)”acupuncture technique on key proteins involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)pathway apoptosis in ovarian tissue of poor ovarian response(POR)mice and to explore the possible mechanism of acupuncture improving ovarian function in POR mice.

Method

According to the random number table method,45 mice with normal estrous cycles were selected and divided into a blank group,a model group and an acupuncture group(n=15).The blank group was orally administered with an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution,while the model group and acupuncture group were orally administered with Leigongteng(Tripterygium wilfordii)suspension(50 mg·kg-1·d-1)for 14 consecutive days to prepare a POR mouse model.After the completion of modeling,the acupuncture group selected the“Zhibian(BL54)-to-Shuidao(ST28)”acupuncture method for intervention treatment,once a day,20 minutes for each time.After 14 days of continuous treatment,the ovulation induction was carried out,and the next day the samples were taken out.The changes in mouse estrous cycle were observed by using vaginal smear method.The ovarian indices of mice in each group were compared.ELISA method was used to detect the levels of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2)and anti Mullerian hormone(AMH)in mouse serum.HE staining method was used to detect the pathological morphology of ovarian tissue.Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the ultrastructure of ovarian tissue.TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptosis rate of positive cells in ovarian tissue.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the positive expression of glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78)in ovarian tissue.Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to measure the changes in mRNA and protein expressions of protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK),eukaryotic initiation factor 2α(eIF2α),activating transcription factor 4(ATF4),C/EBP cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding transcription factor homolog protein(CHOP)and cysteine protease(Caspase)-3.

Results

Compared with the blank group,the model group had an increased rate of estrous cycle disorder(P<0.01).The number of eggs retrieved,ovarian wet weight and ovarian index decreased to varying degrees(P<0.01).The expression levels of FSH and LH in serum increased(P<0.01),while the expression levels of E2 and AMH decreased(P<0.01).There was destruction of ovarian tissue morphology and increased number of atresia follicles.Under electron microscopy,follicles deformed,mitochondria swelled and shrank,and mitochondrial cristae disappearred.The area of ovarian cell apoptosis increased(P<0.01).The positive expression of ovarian GRP78 increased(P<0.01).Ovarian tissue PERK,eIF2α,Elevated mRNA and protein expression levels of ATF4,CHOP,and Caspase-3(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the rate of estrus cycle disorder in the acupuncture group mice decreased(P<0.01).The number of retrieved eggs,wet weight of ovaries,and ovarian index increased(P<0.01,P<0.05).The expression levels of FSH and LH in serum decreased(P<0.01),while the expression levels of AMH and E2 increased(P<0.01,P<0.05).Improvement in ovarian tissue morphology and reduction of atresia follicles.Under electron microscopy,the number of mitochondria in follicles increased,and the structure,shape,and arrangement improved to varying degrees.The area of ovarian cell apoptosis decreased(P<0.01).The positive expression of ovarian GRP78 decreased(P<0.01).the mRNA and protein expression levels of PERK,eIF2α,ATF4,CHOP and Caspase-3 in the ovarian tissue all decreased to varying degrees(P<0.01,P<0.05).

Conclusion

The“Zhibian(BL54)-to-Shuidao(ST28)”acupuncture can improve ovarian function and reduce ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis in POR mice,and its mechanism may be related toregulating the key factors of endoplasmic reticulum apoptosis pathway.

, authors=Boya CHANG1, Jia REN1, Xu JIN1, Jianheng HAO1, Zhen GAO1, Yanlin ZHANG1, Yuxia CAO2, Haijun WANG1, authorsList=Boya CHANG, Jia REN, Xu JIN, Jianheng HAO, Zhen GAO, Yanlin ZHANG, Yuxia CAO, Haijun WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Haijun WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322926941443072588, articleId=1322926936846115374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=“秩边透水道”针法对卵巢低反应小鼠内质网凋亡途径的影响, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

通过观察“秩边透水道”针法对卵巢低反应(poor ovarian response,POR)小鼠卵巢组织内质网凋亡(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS)途径关键蛋白的影响,探讨针刺改善POR小鼠卵巢功能的可能机制。

方法

根据随机数字表法选出动情周期正常的45只小鼠,分为空白组、模型组和针刺组(n=15);空白组采用0.9%氯化钠溶液等体积灌胃,模型组和针刺组采用雷公藤混悬液灌胃(50 mg·kg-1·d-1),连续14 d以制备POR小鼠模型,造模完成后,针刺组选取“秩边透水道”针法进行干预治疗,每日1次,每次20 min,连续治疗14 d后进行促排,次日完成取材。阴道涂片法观测小鼠动情周期变化;比较各组小鼠卵巢指数;ELISA法检测小鼠血清中促卵泡生成素(follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)、促黄体生成激素(luteinizing hormone,LH)、雌二醇(estradiol,E2)、抗缪勒管激素(anti-mullerian hormone,AMH)含量;HE染色法检测卵巢组织病理形态;透射电镜检测卵巢组织超微结构;TUNEL染色法检测卵巢组织阳性细胞凋亡率;免疫组化法检测卵巢组织葡萄糖调节蛋白78(glucose-regulated protein 78,GRP78)阳性表达;荧光定量PCR法和Western blot法测蛋白激酶R样内质网激酶(protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase,PERK)、真核细胞起始因子2α(eukaryotic initiation factor 2α,eIF2α)、活化转录因子4(the activating transcription factor 4,ATF4)、C/EBP环磷酸腺苷反应元件结合转录因子同源蛋白(C/EBP homologous protein,CHOP)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶(cysteine-aspartic acid protease,Caspase)-3 mRNA和蛋白表达变化。

结果

与空白组相比,模型组小鼠动情周期紊乱率升高(P<0.01);取卵数、卵巢湿重和卵巢指数不同程度降低(P<0.01);血清中FSH、LH表达量升高(P<0.01),E2、AMH表达量下降(P<0.01);卵巢组织形态破坏,闭锁卵泡增多;电镜下卵泡变形,线粒体肿胀皱缩,线粒体嵴消失;卵巢细胞凋亡面积增高(P<0.01);卵巢GRP78阳性表达增加(P<0.01);卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,针刺组小鼠动情周期紊乱率降低(P<0.01);获卵数、卵巢湿重、卵巢指数升高(P<0.01,P<0.05);血清中FSH、LH表达量下降(P<0.01),AMH、E2表达量提高(P<0.01,P<0.05);卵巢组织形态改善,闭锁卵泡减少;电镜下卵泡内线粒体增多,结构、形状及排列均有不同程度改善;卵巢细胞凋亡面积减少(P<0.01);卵巢GRP78阳性表达下降(P<0.01);卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均有不同程度下降(P<0.01,P<0.05)。

结论

“秩边透水道”针法可以改善POR小鼠的卵巢功能,降低卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡,其机制可能与调控内质网凋亡通路上的关键因子相关。

, authors=常博雅1, 任佳1, 金旭1, 郝健亨1, 高珍1, 张艳林1, 曹玉霞2, 王海军1, authorsList=常博雅, 任佳, 金旭, 郝健亨, 高珍, 张艳林, 曹玉霞, 王海军, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王海军, authorNote=

常博雅(1999-),女,山西太原人,硕士在读,研究方向:“秩边透水道”针法。

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王海军(1977-),男,山西太原人,教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:“秩边透水道”针法。E-mail:。
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常博雅(1999-),女,山西太原人,硕士在读,研究方向:“秩边透水道”针法。

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常博雅(1999-),女,山西太原人,硕士在读,研究方向:“秩边透水道”针法。

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Mol Hum Reprod,2021,27(1):88., articleTitle=Endoplasmic reticulum stress:a key regulator of the follicular microenvironment in the ovary, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926955284275904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=37, issue=10, pageStart=1991, pageEnd=1998, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=牛琴, 钮红丽, 翟俊英, journalName=广州中医药大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=牛琴,钮红丽,翟俊英,等. 丹皮酚通过内质网应激和线粒体损伤途径促进卵巢癌细胞凋亡[J]. 广州中医药大学学报,2020,37(10):1991-1998., articleTitle=丹皮酚通过内质网应激和线粒体损伤途径促进卵巢癌细胞凋亡, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926955372356289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=27, issue=16, pageStart=84, pageEnd=89, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=史露露, 周惠芳, journalName=中国实验方剂学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=史露露,周惠芳. 补肾助孕方对黄体功能不全模型大鼠卵巢内质网应激的调节[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(16):84-89., articleTitle=补肾助孕方对黄体功能不全模型大鼠卵巢内质网应激的调节, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322926950649569957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, awardId=82074549, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金面上项目(82074549), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322926950725067430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, awardId=2023L187, language=CN, fundingSource=山西省教育厅项目(2023L187), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322926950834119335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, awardId=2023BK17, language=CN, fundingSource=山西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(2023BK17), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926941837337165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926941845725774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, companyId=1322926941837337165, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.The Second Clinical College of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Jinzhong 030619,Shanxi,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926941858308687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, companyId=1322926941837337165, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西中医药大学第二临床学院,山西 晋中 030619)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322926941929611856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926941938000465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, companyId=1322926941929611856, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926941950583378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, companyId=1322926941929611856, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山西省针灸医院,山西 太原 030006)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322926946262327941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=/faPrjJEdRuC6ICNgHJDYQ==, figureFileBig=ePzZNGcHjYbSIHWCu+QGOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926946329436806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=CN, label=图1, caption=小鼠动情周期各阶段阴道涂片(×100), figureFileSmall=/faPrjJEdRuC6ICNgHJDYQ==, figureFileBig=ePzZNGcHjYbSIHWCu+QGOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926946530763399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=VUqIxVTJHmDVn2m2ex/2MA==, figureFileBig=AqxU8fcLihKwcwRonlNlAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926946610455176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组小鼠卵巢组织形态比较(HE染色,×100)

注:黑色箭头代表正常卵泡;黄色箭头代表闭锁卵泡。

, figureFileSmall=VUqIxVTJHmDVn2m2ex/2MA==, figureFileBig=AqxU8fcLihKwcwRonlNlAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926946677564041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=5UkVg5P+H9+JlmeWwAzXfw==, figureFileBig=13/GaC5p06SWu43jlLyC/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926946744672906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=CN, label=图3, caption=各组小鼠卵巢超微结构比较

注:上层图片×4.0 k;下层图片×20.0 k。

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注:棕黄色颗粒为卵巢组织中GRP78阳性表达。

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基因方向引物序列(5'-3')产物长度/(bp)
PERK上游GAAGTGACCGTGGAGGACG252
下游GGAAGTTTTGTGGGTGCCC
eIF2α上游CCCAGGAAGTAAAGGTGCCC184
下游GGAGGCTCCTGTCTTGTCAACC
ATF4上游AGACACCGGCAAGGAGGATG126
下游AAGAGCTCATCTGGCATGGTTT
CHOP上游CCAGGAAACGAAGAGGAAGAAT206
下游CACTGACCACTCTGTTTCCGTTT
Caspase-3上游AGCACCTGGTTACTATTCCTGGAG191
下游GGATCTGTTTCTTTGCGTGGA
GAPDH上游CCTCGTCCCGTAGACAAAATG133
下游TGAGGTCAATGAAGGGGTCGT
), ArticleFig(id=1322926947524813460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

PCR引物

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因方向引物序列(5'-3')产物长度/(bp)
PERK上游GAAGTGACCGTGGAGGACG252
下游GGAAGTTTTGTGGGTGCCC
eIF2α上游CCCAGGAAGTAAAGGTGCCC184
下游GGAGGCTCCTGTCTTGTCAACC
ATF4上游AGACACCGGCAAGGAGGATG126
下游AAGAGCTCATCTGGCATGGTTT
CHOP上游CCAGGAAACGAAGAGGAAGAAT206
下游CACTGACCACTCTGTTTCCGTTT
Caspase-3上游AGCACCTGGTTACTATTCCTGGAG191
下游GGATCTGTTTCTTTGCGTGGA
GAPDH上游CCTCGTCCCGTAGACAAAATG133
下游TGAGGTCAATGAAGGGGTCGT
), ArticleFig(id=1322926947600310933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n 治疗前治疗后
空白组1519.66±0.7121.16±0.97
模型组1517.95±0.58**18.01±0.72**
针刺组1517.92±0.66**18.65±0.63**
), ArticleFig(id=1322926947667419798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组小鼠治疗前后体质量比较()

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组别n 治疗前治疗后
空白组1519.66±0.7121.16±0.97
模型组1517.95±0.58**18.01±0.72**
针刺组1517.92±0.66**18.65±0.63**
), ArticleFig(id=1322926947747111575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n造模期间治疗期间
周期正常周期不明显周期延长紊乱率/(%)周期正常周期不明显周期延长紊乱率/(%)
空白组151500 015000
模型组150015100**201386.7**
针刺组150114100**92440.0##
), ArticleFig(id=1322926947822609048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各组小鼠动情周期紊乱率比较

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组别n造模期间治疗期间
周期正常周期不明显周期延长紊乱率/(%)周期正常周期不明显周期延长紊乱率/(%)
空白组151500 015000
模型组150015100**201386.7**
针刺组150114100**92440.0##
), ArticleFig(id=1322926947956826777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n获卵数/(个)卵巢湿重/(mg)卵巢指数/(%)
空白组1527.80±3.53 17.87±0.61 0.086±0.001
模型组1514.73±2.52**13.93±0.39**0.072±0.001**
针刺组1522.07±2.92##14.42±0.47#0.074±0.002#
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各组小鼠卵巢功能比较()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n获卵数/(个)卵巢湿重/(mg)卵巢指数/(%)
空白组1527.80±3.53 17.87±0.61 0.086±0.001
模型组1514.73±2.52**13.93±0.39**0.072±0.001**
针刺组1522.07±2.92##14.42±0.47#0.074±0.002#
), ArticleFig(id=1322926948145570459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nFSH/
(IU·L-1)
LH/
(mIU·mL-1)
E2/
(ng·mL-1)
AMH/
(ng·mL-1)
空白组159.17±1.83 28.91±5.43 258.0±22.14 2.09±0.33
模型组1523.69±2.96**62.18±5.62**114.3±21.48**1.10±0.18**
针刺组1516.81±1.96##43.44±3.87##187.4±7.23##1.40±0.06#
), ArticleFig(id=1322926949814903452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

各组小鼠血清FSH、LH、E2、AM H含量比较()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nFSH/
(IU·L-1)
LH/
(mIU·mL-1)
E2/
(ng·mL-1)
AMH/
(ng·mL-1)
空白组159.17±1.83 28.91±5.43 258.0±22.14 2.09±0.33
模型组1523.69±2.96**62.18±5.62**114.3±21.48**1.10±0.18**
针刺组1516.81±1.96##43.44±3.87##187.4±7.23##1.40±0.06#
), ArticleFig(id=1322926949898789533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n卵巢细胞凋亡率/(%)
空白组69.48±0.91
模型组637.10±4.91**
针刺组616.37±1.43##
), ArticleFig(id=1322926950003647134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926936846115374, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

各组小鼠卵巢细胞凋亡比较()

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组别n卵巢细胞凋亡率/(%)
空白组69.48±0.91
模型组637.10±4.91**
针刺组616.37±1.43##
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组别n阳性表达面积/(%)
空白组63.03±1.17
模型组622.61±1.48**
针刺组610.22±1.71##
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各组小鼠卵巢GRP78阳性表达比较

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组别n阳性表达面积/(%)
空白组63.03±1.17
模型组622.61±1.48**
针刺组610.22±1.71##
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组别nPERKeIF2αATF4CHOPCaspase-3
空白组51.001.001.001.001.00
模型组51.40±0.03**1.17±0.05**2.00±0.01**1.38±0.06**1.66±0.05**
针刺组51.22±0.04##1.06±0.02#1.42±0.04##1.10±0.02##1.40±0.04##
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各组小鼠卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3 mRNA表达水平比较()

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组别nPERKeIF2αATF4CHOPCaspase-3
空白组51.001.001.001.001.00
模型组51.40±0.03**1.17±0.05**2.00±0.01**1.38±0.06**1.66±0.05**
针刺组51.22±0.04##1.06±0.02#1.42±0.04##1.10±0.02##1.40±0.04##
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组别nPERKeIF2αATF4CHOPCaepase-3
空白组50.27±0.02 0.39±0.02 0.09±0.03 0.41±0.02 0.26±0.01
模型组50.75±0.03**0.88±0.02**0.77±0.02**0.93±0.03**0.80±0.02**
针刺组50.44±0.03##0.46±0.03##0.38±0.02##0.56±0.02##0.36±0.01##
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各组小鼠卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3蛋白相对表达量()

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组别nPERKeIF2αATF4CHOPCaepase-3
空白组50.27±0.02 0.39±0.02 0.09±0.03 0.41±0.02 0.26±0.01
模型组50.75±0.03**0.88±0.02**0.77±0.02**0.93±0.03**0.80±0.02**
针刺组50.44±0.03##0.46±0.03##0.38±0.02##0.56±0.02##0.36±0.01##
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“秩边透水道”针法对卵巢低反应小鼠内质网凋亡途径的影响
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常博雅 1 , 任佳 1 , 金旭 1 , 郝健亨 1 , 高珍 1 , 张艳林 1 , 曹玉霞 2 , 王海军 1
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(10): 189-194
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中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2025 , 43 (10) : 189 -194
“秩边透水道”针法对卵巢低反应小鼠内质网凋亡途径的影响
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常博雅1, 任佳1, 金旭1, 郝健亨1, 高珍1, 张艳林1, 曹玉霞2, 王海军1
作者信息
  • 1.山西中医药大学第二临床学院,山西 晋中 030619
  • 2.山西省针灸医院,山西 太原 030006
通讯作者:
王海军(1977-),男,山西太原人,教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:“秩边透水道”针法。E-mail:。
作者简介:

常博雅(1999-),女,山西太原人,硕士在读,研究方向:“秩边透水道”针法。

Effect of“Zhibian(BL54)-to-Shuidao(ST28)”Acupuncture Method on Endoplasmic Reticulum Apoptosis Pathway in Ovarian Hyporesponsive Mice
Boya CHANG1, Jia REN1, Xu JIN1, Jianheng HAO1, Zhen GAO1, Yanlin ZHANG1, Yuxia CAO2, Haijun WANG1
Affiliations
  • 1.The Second Clinical College of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Jinzhong 030619,Shanxi,China
  • 2.Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi,China
出版时间: 2025-10-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.10.035
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目的

通过观察“秩边透水道”针法对卵巢低反应(poor ovarian response,POR)小鼠卵巢组织内质网凋亡(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS)途径关键蛋白的影响,探讨针刺改善POR小鼠卵巢功能的可能机制。

方法

根据随机数字表法选出动情周期正常的45只小鼠,分为空白组、模型组和针刺组(n=15);空白组采用0.9%氯化钠溶液等体积灌胃,模型组和针刺组采用雷公藤混悬液灌胃(50 mg·kg-1·d-1),连续14 d以制备POR小鼠模型,造模完成后,针刺组选取“秩边透水道”针法进行干预治疗,每日1次,每次20 min,连续治疗14 d后进行促排,次日完成取材。阴道涂片法观测小鼠动情周期变化;比较各组小鼠卵巢指数;ELISA法检测小鼠血清中促卵泡生成素(follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)、促黄体生成激素(luteinizing hormone,LH)、雌二醇(estradiol,E2)、抗缪勒管激素(anti-mullerian hormone,AMH)含量;HE染色法检测卵巢组织病理形态;透射电镜检测卵巢组织超微结构;TUNEL染色法检测卵巢组织阳性细胞凋亡率;免疫组化法检测卵巢组织葡萄糖调节蛋白78(glucose-regulated protein 78,GRP78)阳性表达;荧光定量PCR法和Western blot法测蛋白激酶R样内质网激酶(protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase,PERK)、真核细胞起始因子2α(eukaryotic initiation factor 2α,eIF2α)、活化转录因子4(the activating transcription factor 4,ATF4)、C/EBP环磷酸腺苷反应元件结合转录因子同源蛋白(C/EBP homologous protein,CHOP)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶(cysteine-aspartic acid protease,Caspase)-3 mRNA和蛋白表达变化。

结果

与空白组相比,模型组小鼠动情周期紊乱率升高(P<0.01);取卵数、卵巢湿重和卵巢指数不同程度降低(P<0.01);血清中FSH、LH表达量升高(P<0.01),E2、AMH表达量下降(P<0.01);卵巢组织形态破坏,闭锁卵泡增多;电镜下卵泡变形,线粒体肿胀皱缩,线粒体嵴消失;卵巢细胞凋亡面积增高(P<0.01);卵巢GRP78阳性表达增加(P<0.01);卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,针刺组小鼠动情周期紊乱率降低(P<0.01);获卵数、卵巢湿重、卵巢指数升高(P<0.01,P<0.05);血清中FSH、LH表达量下降(P<0.01),AMH、E2表达量提高(P<0.01,P<0.05);卵巢组织形态改善,闭锁卵泡减少;电镜下卵泡内线粒体增多,结构、形状及排列均有不同程度改善;卵巢细胞凋亡面积减少(P<0.01);卵巢GRP78阳性表达下降(P<0.01);卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均有不同程度下降(P<0.01,P<0.05)。

结论

“秩边透水道”针法可以改善POR小鼠的卵巢功能,降低卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡,其机制可能与调控内质网凋亡通路上的关键因子相关。

卵巢低反应  /  “秩边透水道”针法  /  内质网  /  凋亡
Objective

To observe the effect of the“Zhibian(BL54)-to-Shuidao(ST28)”acupuncture technique on key proteins involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)pathway apoptosis in ovarian tissue of poor ovarian response(POR)mice and to explore the possible mechanism of acupuncture improving ovarian function in POR mice.

Method

According to the random number table method,45 mice with normal estrous cycles were selected and divided into a blank group,a model group and an acupuncture group(n=15).The blank group was orally administered with an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution,while the model group and acupuncture group were orally administered with Leigongteng(Tripterygium wilfordii)suspension(50 mg·kg-1·d-1)for 14 consecutive days to prepare a POR mouse model.After the completion of modeling,the acupuncture group selected the“Zhibian(BL54)-to-Shuidao(ST28)”acupuncture method for intervention treatment,once a day,20 minutes for each time.After 14 days of continuous treatment,the ovulation induction was carried out,and the next day the samples were taken out.The changes in mouse estrous cycle were observed by using vaginal smear method.The ovarian indices of mice in each group were compared.ELISA method was used to detect the levels of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2)and anti Mullerian hormone(AMH)in mouse serum.HE staining method was used to detect the pathological morphology of ovarian tissue.Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the ultrastructure of ovarian tissue.TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptosis rate of positive cells in ovarian tissue.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the positive expression of glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78)in ovarian tissue.Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to measure the changes in mRNA and protein expressions of protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK),eukaryotic initiation factor 2α(eIF2α),activating transcription factor 4(ATF4),C/EBP cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding transcription factor homolog protein(CHOP)and cysteine protease(Caspase)-3.

Results

Compared with the blank group,the model group had an increased rate of estrous cycle disorder(P<0.01).The number of eggs retrieved,ovarian wet weight and ovarian index decreased to varying degrees(P<0.01).The expression levels of FSH and LH in serum increased(P<0.01),while the expression levels of E2 and AMH decreased(P<0.01).There was destruction of ovarian tissue morphology and increased number of atresia follicles.Under electron microscopy,follicles deformed,mitochondria swelled and shrank,and mitochondrial cristae disappearred.The area of ovarian cell apoptosis increased(P<0.01).The positive expression of ovarian GRP78 increased(P<0.01).Ovarian tissue PERK,eIF2α,Elevated mRNA and protein expression levels of ATF4,CHOP,and Caspase-3(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the rate of estrus cycle disorder in the acupuncture group mice decreased(P<0.01).The number of retrieved eggs,wet weight of ovaries,and ovarian index increased(P<0.01,P<0.05).The expression levels of FSH and LH in serum decreased(P<0.01),while the expression levels of AMH and E2 increased(P<0.01,P<0.05).Improvement in ovarian tissue morphology and reduction of atresia follicles.Under electron microscopy,the number of mitochondria in follicles increased,and the structure,shape,and arrangement improved to varying degrees.The area of ovarian cell apoptosis decreased(P<0.01).The positive expression of ovarian GRP78 decreased(P<0.01).the mRNA and protein expression levels of PERK,eIF2α,ATF4,CHOP and Caspase-3 in the ovarian tissue all decreased to varying degrees(P<0.01,P<0.05).

Conclusion

The“Zhibian(BL54)-to-Shuidao(ST28)”acupuncture can improve ovarian function and reduce ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis in POR mice,and its mechanism may be related toregulating the key factors of endoplasmic reticulum apoptosis pathway.

poor ovarian response(POR)  /  “Zhibian(BL54)-to-Shuidao(ST28)”acupuncture  /  endoplasmic reticulum  /  apoptosis
常博雅, 任佳, 金旭, 郝健亨, 高珍, 张艳林, 曹玉霞, 王海军. “秩边透水道”针法对卵巢低反应小鼠内质网凋亡途径的影响. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (10) : 189 -194 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.10.035
Boya CHANG, Jia REN, Xu JIN, Jianheng HAO, Zhen GAO, Yanlin ZHANG, Yuxia CAO, Haijun WANG. Effect of“Zhibian(BL54)-to-Shuidao(ST28)”Acupuncture Method on Endoplasmic Reticulum Apoptosis Pathway in Ovarian Hyporesponsive Mice[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (10) : 189 -194 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.10.035
近些年来,卵巢低反应(poor ovarian response,POR)发病率的提高给辅助生殖技术的成功带来了挑战,目前已经成为导致我国不孕人数逐渐增加的主要原因之一[1]。女性卵巢在正常状态下或促排卵后可以获得正常数量和质量的卵泡,POR会导致卵巢对促性腺激素(gonadotropins,Gn)反应不良,其特点是Gn使用量高、血清雌激素峰值低、卵泡数量不足和质量下降,最终造成临床妊娠率降低[1-2]。目前临床针对POR患者主要采用激素或手术疗法,但这些治疗方法费用过高且治疗成功率有限,还可能带来一系列并发症[3]。因此,越来越多患者开始寻求一些补充代替手段进行干预。
“秩边透水道”针法源于《内经》,由冀来喜教授改革创新,是由秩边穴进针斜向刺入同方向的水道穴的一种特殊针法。研究发现[4-6],该针法对于治疗早发性卵巢功能不全、原发性痛经、多囊卵巢综合征等多种妇科疾病均有积极作用。内质网凋亡是一种重要的细胞程序性死亡过程,它的正常调控对于维持细胞和组织的稳态至关重要,当内质网受损时会引起内质网应激,从而导致细胞凋亡。研究证明,多种卵巢疾病与内质网引发细胞凋亡相关[7-8],但“秩边透水道”针法能否通过内质网途径改善POR卵巢功能的机制尚不明确,因此,本实验通过观察“秩边透水道”针法对POR小鼠内质网凋亡通路上关键因子的影响,以期为针刺治疗POR提供更全面的科学依据。
50只SPF级雌性C57BL/6小鼠,体质量16~17 g,7~8周龄,购于北京斯贝福实验动物有限公司,合格证号:SCXK(京)-2019-0010,饲养于山西中医药大学动物实验中心,室温25~27℃,自由饮食饮水,昼夜循环12 h/12 h。适应性喂养1周后,通过阴道涂片法筛选出动情周期正常的45只小鼠,随机数字法分为空白组、模型组和针刺组,每组15只。实验经山西中医药大学伦理委员会批准(审批号:AWE202303382)。
(1)实验试剂:雷公藤多苷片(湖南千金协力药业有限公司,批号:Z43020138);孕马血清促性腺释放激素(pregnant mare serum gonadotropin,PMSG)、人绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorionic gonadotropin,HCG)、鼠胚胎干细胞维持培养液(mouse embryonic stem cell maintenance medium 2,M2)(南京爱贝生物科技有限公司,批号分别为M2620、M2520、M1250);苏木素伊红试剂盒(北京雷根生物技术有限公司,批号:DH0020);促卵泡生成素(follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)试剂盒、抗缪勒管激素(anti-mullerian hormone,AMH)试剂盒、促黄体生成激素(luteinizing hormone,LH)试剂盒、雌二醇(estradiol,E2)试剂盒(武汉贝茵莱生物科技有限公司,批号分别为MU30265、MU30399、MU30382、MU30395);TUNEL染色试剂盒、DAB显色试剂盒、RNA提取液、SweScript All-in-One RT SuperMix for qPCR、2×Universal Blue SYBR Green qPCR Master Mix、蛋白激酶R样内质网激酶(protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase,PERK)抗体、葡萄糖调节蛋白78(glucose-regulated protein 78,GRP78)抗体、活化转录因子4(the activating transcription factor 4,ATF4)抗体、半胱氨酸蛋白酶(cysteine-aspartic acid protease,Caspase)-3抗体、β-肌动蛋白(beta-actin,β-actin)抗体、HRP-山羊抗兔抗体(武汉赛维尔生物技术有限公司,批号分别为:G1501、G1212、G3013、G3337、G3326、GB11510、GB11098、GB11813、GB115600、GB11001、GB23303);C/EBP环磷酸腺苷反应元件结合转录因子同源蛋白(C/EBP homologous protein,CHOP)抗体、真核细胞起始因子2α(eukaryotic initiation factor 2α,eIF2α)抗体(武汉爱博泰克生物科技有限公司,批号分别为:A21902、A0764)、异氟烷(深圳瑞沃德生命科技有限公司,批号:R510-22-10)。
(2)仪器:一次性无菌针灸针0.25 mm×13 mm(苏州华佗医疗器械有限公司,20162200970);Pico 21低温高速离心机、Forma 900超低温冷冻储存箱(上海赛默飞世尔科技有限公司),RM 2145石蜡切片机、DM750荧光显微镜(德国Leica公司),Power PacTM凝胶电泳仪、HOOD-Ⅱ凝胶成像分析仪、C1000 Touch基因扩增仪、CFX 96 Touch DeepWell荧光定量PCR仪(美国BIO-RAD公司),Spectra Max Plus384酶标仪(美国Molecular Devices公司),HT7800透射电子显微镜(日本HITACHI公司),BSD-T×270恒温孵育箱(上海博迅实业有限公司医疗设备厂);WB-4恒温水浴锅(常州峥嵘仪器有限公司);GL1204C电子天平(上海佑科仪器仪表有限公司);Image J图像分析系统(Fiji,美国National Institutes of Health公司)。
在课题组前期研究的基础上,采用雷公藤多苷混悬液(50 mg·kg-1·d-1)灌胃制备POR小鼠模型[9]。模型组和针刺组小鼠每日灌胃雷公藤多苷混悬液,连续14 d;空白组小鼠等剂量0.9%氯化钠溶液进行灌胃,连续14 d。主要通过动情周期的紊乱(镜下观察阴道细胞无明显周期性变化或周期延长)来判断造模是否成功。
针刺组穴位参照中国针灸学会发布的团体标准T/CAAM 0002-2020《实验动物常用穴位名称与定位第3部分:小鼠》和实验室前期研究基础,并结合小鼠的解剖学标志进行定位[10-11]。模型制备结束后,将小鼠固定在小鼠固定器上,选取0.25 mm×13 mm毫针,局部常规消毒,从小鼠双侧秩边穴,斜向同侧水道穴透刺约5 mm,留针20 min,1次/d,不进行提插捻转,连续针刺14 d。空白组与模型组小鼠只进行固定,不进行其他干预。
干预结束后当日各组小鼠腹腔注射PMSG,48 h后注射HCG,次日异氟烷麻醉小鼠用眼球摘除法取小鼠静脉血置于离心管中,静置30 min,在4℃下3000 r/min离心15 min,取上清-80℃保存用于后续检测。脱颈法处死小鼠,快速剪取小鼠卵巢及输卵管,卵巢部分置于多聚甲醛中固定用于后续形态学检测,部分液氮处理后置于-80℃中冷冻保存。
(1)动情周期检测:每日进行小鼠阴道细胞涂片检测,连续2个周期;正常小鼠动情周期4~5 d一个周期,分为动情前期、动情间期、动情期、动情后期,当出现动情周期延长(≥6 d)、动情周期不完整或无明显动情周期变化(≥3 d),均视为动情周期紊乱[12]。
(2)卵巢相关指数检测:剪取下的输卵管置于提前制好的M2培养液中,一次性针头挑起输卵管膨大处,培养箱培养5 min,倒置显微镜下观察并计算卵母细胞;剪取下的卵巢吸取多余水分,精密天平称取卵巢湿重,计算卵巢指数(小鼠双侧卵巢湿重/小鼠处死前体质量×100%)。
(3)ELISA法检测小鼠AMH、FSH、LH、E2含量:将提前采集的血清待测样本解冻,酶标板上设标准孔、空白孔和样品孔,标准孔加入稀释后不同浓度的标准品50μL,空白孔不加样本,样品孔依次加待测样品40μL及生物素标记的抗体10 μL,混匀;除空白孔外每孔加入酶标试剂50μL,混匀;封板膜封板,37℃孵育30 min;弃去液体,PBS洗涤,重复5次;每孔依次加入显色剂A、B各50μL,混匀;封板避光37℃孵育10 min;每孔加入终止剂50μL终止反应;测出OD值,绘制出标准曲线,测算AMH、FSH、LH、E2含量。
(4)HE染色法检测卵巢组织病理形态:将多聚甲醛中固定的卵巢组织常规脱水、透蜡、包埋后制成5μm的石蜡切片,脱蜡后行常规苏木素-伊红染色:苏木素染色5~8 min,冲洗;伊红染色4~5 min,冲洗;脱水;中性树胶固封后置于显微镜下观察小鼠卵巢组织。
(5)透射电镜检测卵巢组织超微结构:快速取下的卵巢组织投入电镜固定液培养皿内,手术刀在培养皿内将卵巢切成1 mm3小块,室温避光固定2 h,漂洗、脱水、包埋、切片及染色,置于透射电子显微镜下观察卵巢组织。
(6)TUNEL染色法检测卵巢组织阳性细胞凋亡率:上述部分卵巢石蜡切片常规脱蜡至水、PBS洗涤;滴加蛋白酶K100 μL,37℃孵育20 min,PBS洗涤;滴加破膜液,37℃孵育20 min,PBS洗涤;滴加平衡缓冲液50μL,室温孵育10 min;滴加50μL孵育缓冲液,37℃湿盒避光孵育2 h,PBS洗涤;样本染色,PBS洗涤;封片剂封片,荧光显微镜下观察并计算卵巢细胞的凋亡面积(凋亡细胞面积/总面积×100%)。
(7)免疫组化法检测卵巢组织GRP78阳性表达:上述部分卵巢石蜡切片常规脱蜡、透水,放入抗原修复液中,于微波炉内抗原修复,PBS洗涤;滴加双氧水,室温孵育30 min,PBS洗涤;滴加封闭液,室温封闭30 min;滴加一抗(GRP78 1∶500),4℃孵育过夜;PBS洗涤后滴加二抗(山羊抗兔lgG 1∶1000),室温孵育30 min,PBS洗涤;滴加DBA显色液,镜下观察出现棕黄色为阳性反应后,用水冲洗切片终止显色;脱水封片后晾干。置于镜下观察拍照,Image-Pro Plus计算阳性细胞百分比。
(8)荧光定量PCR法检测卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3 mRNA表达:各组小鼠卵巢组织放入离心管中,研磨后按试剂盒操作提取总RNA,逆转录合成cDNA,设计合成PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3,用PCR试剂盒扩增目的基因,在PCR仪上进行检测,设定条件为:95℃×30 s,1次循环;95℃×15 s,60℃×30 s,40个循环。反应结束后,读取各孔Ct值,以GAPDH为内参,2-△△CT公式计算目的基因mRNA表达量。引物序列由武汉赛维尔设计。见表1。
(9)Western blot法检测卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3蛋白相对表达量:各组小鼠卵巢组织分别加入RIPA裂解液150μL,充分研磨后4℃,12 000 r/min,离心10 min,提取上清,根据BCA蛋白定量检测试剂盒操作测定蛋白浓度,算出上样量,配胶后每孔滴加蛋白样本10μL进行电泳操作,湿转法转膜2 h;5%脱脂奶粉封闭2 h,洗膜后滴加所需一抗(PERK 1∶1000,eIF2α1∶1000,ATF4 1∶1000,CHOP 1∶1000、Caspase-3 1∶1000),4℃过夜;TBST洗膜,滴加二抗(山羊抗兔lgG 1∶3000),室温孵育1 h,TBST洗膜,滴加显影液显影,Image J软件测定条带灰度值。
数据采用Graphpad Prism 9统计软件分析数据,单因素方差分析,符合正态分布的计量资料均以均值±标准差()表示,两两比较时,方差齐采用LSD检验,方差不齐选用Tamhane检验。P≤0.05时,差异有统计学意义。
造模前,各组小鼠精神状态良好,喜动,毛发顺滑,饮食二便正常;造模后,除空白组外,模型组和针刺组小鼠精神萎靡,喜静蜷卧,背部毛发脱落,饮食减少,大便稀软不成形;针刺组小鼠经治疗干预后,精神状况与脱毛情况有所改善。
治疗前,与空白组小鼠相比,模型组与针刺组小鼠体质量均明显下降(P<0.01);治疗后,与空白组小鼠相比,模型组与针刺组小鼠体质量均明显下降(P<0.01),与模型组小鼠相比,针刺组小鼠体质量无明显改变(P>0.05)。见表2。
造模前,各组小鼠动情周期正常,无明显差异(P>0.05);造模后,除空白组外,模型组和针刺组小鼠动情周期紊乱率提高(P<0.01),针刺组小鼠经治疗干预后,紊乱率得到明显改善(P<0.01)。见插页ⅩⅩⅧ图1、表3。
与空白组相比,模型组小鼠获卵数、卵巢湿重、卵巢指数均明显下降(P<0.01);与模型组相比,针刺组获卵数、卵巢湿重、卵巢指数有所升高(P<0.01,P<0.05)。见表4。
与空白组相比,模型组小鼠血清FSH、LH含量升高(P<0.01),E2、AMH含量下降(P<0.01);与模型组相比,针刺组的血清FSH、LH含量下降(P<0.01),E2、AMH含量提高(P<0.01,P<0.05)。见表5。
空白组小鼠卵巢形态良好,卵泡丰富,排列密集,各级生长卵泡丰富;模型组小鼠卵巢形态破坏,闭锁卵泡增多,正常卵泡减少,排列松散;针刺组小鼠卵巢形态改善,闭锁卵泡减少,正常卵泡增多。见插页ⅩⅩⅧ图2。
空白组小鼠电镜下可见正常形态卵泡,卵泡细胞中有大量形态正常的线粒体,线粒体排列紧密整齐,结构清晰,线粒体嵴数目丰富;模型组小鼠电镜下卵泡变形,线粒体数量减少,线粒体肿胀皱缩,结构模糊,线粒体嵴消失;针刺组小鼠电镜下卵泡有所改善,线粒体数量增多,线粒体结构良好,形状及排列均有不同程度改善。见插页ⅩⅩⅨ图3。
TUNEL阳性荧光染色为绿色,与空白组相比,模型组卵巢细胞凋亡面积明显增高(P<0.01);与模型组相比,针刺组卵巢细胞凋亡面积减少(P<0.01)。见插页ⅩⅩⅨ图4、表6。
GRP78阳性表达主要位于卵巢颗粒细胞和卵母周围颗粒细胞中,呈颗粒状及片状棕褐色。与空白组相比,模型组小鼠卵巢GRP78阳性表达增加(P<0.01);与模型组相比,针刺组小鼠卵巢GRP78阳性表达减少(P<0.01)。见插页ⅩⅩⅩ图5、表7。
与正常组相比,模型组小鼠卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3 mRNA表达均有不同程度提高(P<0.01);与模型组相比,针刺组小鼠卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3 mRNA表达水平下降(P<0.01,P<0.05)。见表8。
与正常组相比,模型组小鼠卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3蛋白表达量有不同程度的提高(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,针刺组小鼠卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3蛋白相对表达量均有下降(P<0.01)。见图6、表9。
近年来,由于环境污染加重和生育年龄的推迟,不孕不育患者的数量逐年增加[13]。POR是指卵巢对促性腺激素反应低下的病理状态,目前全球范围内的发病率为9%~24%[14]。雷公藤常用于风湿免疫性疾病的治疗,但大量服用会引起生殖毒性[15]。研究发现[16],雷公藤多苷可能导致小鼠的卵巢功能降低,抑制卵泡生长发育,影响卵母细胞的质量和数量。因此,本研究使用雷公藤多苷和促排的方式进行模型建立。卵巢的功能可以通过血清激素水平的变化来表达[17-19],本研究发现,与空白组相比,模型组小鼠血清中FSH和LH含量均有不同程度的升高,AMH和E2含量均有不同程度的下降;获卵数减少,卵巢湿重、卵巢指数下降,卵巢组织形态遭到破坏,闭锁卵泡增多;超微镜下线粒体皱缩,线粒体嵴减少甚至消失,提示造模成功。
POR的病位在卵巢,根据其生理病理特性,POR的发生与五脏中的肾有密切联系。五脏中肾属水,主生殖,藏父母所赋的生殖之精,肾精充盛则“天癸”至,而当女子“七七”时“天癸竭……形坏而无子”,所以提示POR的病位可以归于肾,并与女性年龄增大有关。同时,脾属土,主运化,为后天之本,吸纳水谷精微以充养肾所藏的先天之精,两者相互依存,相互为用,先天之精为后天之精提供物质基础,后天之精不断供养先天之精,两者相辅相成,当脾虚无力运化时,就不能为肾提供所需的精微,从而影响生殖功能。所以,选取与肾经相表里的足太阳膀胱经上的“秩边穴”透向与脾经相表里的足阳明胃经上的“水道穴”,一针双穴以疏通局部气血、经络,补肾填精,使气至病所[20]。本研究结果证明,针刺组小鼠血清中FSH和LH含量均有不同程度下降,AMH和E2含量有不同程度升高;与模型组相比,针刺组小鼠卵巢形态得到改善,闭锁卵泡减少,说明可以通过“秩边透水道”针法调节卵巢功能,减少POR的发病。
GRP78作为分子伴侣,可以与错误折叠的蛋白质和未组装的复合物结合并引发内质网的降解,当内质网稳态不能恢复时,未折叠的蛋白就会诱导细胞凋亡。研究证明[21],在卵巢中GRP78起着至关重要的作用,当卵巢内质网产生应激时,作为内质网伴侣蛋白的GRP78活性增加,会加重卵巢病理损伤。本研究结果证明,与空白组相比,模型组GRP78阳性表达增加;与模型组相比,针刺组GRP78阳性表达下降,提示GRP78在内质网中扮演平衡的角色。
内质网凋亡是一种重要的细胞程序性死亡过程[22],它的正常调控对于维持细胞和组织的稳态至关重要。当细胞受到内质网应激时[22-23],内质网传感器PERK被激活,导致eIF2α的磷酸化,抑制全局蛋白质合成,同时也促使ATF4的表达上调,从而诱导CHOP的表达。CHOP是内质网应激引发的细胞凋亡过程中的关键调节蛋白,可以调控细胞凋亡相关基因Caspase-3的激活,最终导致细胞凋亡。研究发现,多种卵巢疾病与内质网应激诱导的凋亡过程之间存在联系。在多囊卵巢综合征中,内质网应激的出现可能与胰岛素抵抗和慢性低级炎症有关,对卵巢功能产生负面影响,影响卵泡的发育和排卵。同时,卵巢肿瘤中的一些细胞可能经历内质网应激并引发细胞凋亡。牛琴等[24]研究发现,丹皮酚通过内质网应激途径促进卵巢癌细胞凋亡。史露露等[25]发现,补肾助孕方可以改善黄体功能不全,其机制可能与缓解内质网应激作用有关。本研究发现,相比于正常组,模型组小鼠卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3表达水平升高,而针刺组小鼠卵巢组织PERK、eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP、Caspase-3表达水平降低。因此“秩边透水道”针法可以通过调节内质网凋亡通路的关键蛋白保护POR小鼠的卵巢功能。见插页ⅩⅩⅩ图7。
综上,“秩边透水道”针法可以改善POR小鼠卵巢反应性,促进卵泡的正常发育和排出,增加获卵量,其潜在机制可能与调节内质网信号通路上的关键分子相关。但本文仅局限于研究内质网凋亡途径,未来还应该从其他凋亡信号通路进行全面研究,以期为“秩边透水道”针法的临床应用提供可靠的研究基础。
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(82074549)
  • 山西省教育厅项目(2023L187)
  • 山西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(2023BK17)
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2025年第43卷第10期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.10.035
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-10-10
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国家自然科学基金面上项目(82074549)
山西省教育厅项目(2023L187)
山西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(2023BK17)
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    1.山西中医药大学第二临床学院,山西 晋中 030619
    2.山西省针灸医院,山西 太原 030006

通讯作者:

王海军(1977-),男,山西太原人,教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:“秩边透水道”针法。E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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