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Article(id=1322925354008052474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923490592043032, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.05.031, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339583159, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1746806400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339583159, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339583159, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339583159, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322923490592043032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1746806400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339138887, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340572227, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929502539612595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923490592043032, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929502539612596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923490592043032, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=168, endPage=171, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322925355346035452, articleId=1322925354008052474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=A Comparative Study of Efficacy between Traditional Decoction and Formula Granules of Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）-Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To compare the efficacy differences between traditional decoction and formula granules of different ratios of Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）-Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）.

Methods

Various typical efficacy indicators were used for different ratios of Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）-Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）in separate comparative experiments. Zuojin Pill（左归丸）group［Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）；Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）＝6∶1］used an anhydrous ethanol-induced gastric ulcer experiment to measure the effectiveness in inhibiting gastric ulcers and gastric acid secretion of rats. Blood superoxide dismutase（SOD）and malondialdehyde（MDA）were analyzed. The Ganlu Powder（甘露散）group［Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）：Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）＝2∶1］used dry yeast-induced hyperthermia in rats to determine the antipyretic efficacy. The Zhuyu Pill（茱萸丸）group［Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）：Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）＝1∶1］used a small intestinal propulsion experiment in mice to determine the antidiarrheal efficacy. The Reverse Zuojin Pill（反左金丸）group［Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）：Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）＝1∶6］used acetic acid-induced writhing in mice to determine the analgesic efficacy.

Results

Both formulations in the Zuojin Pill group effectively inhibited gastric ulcers of the rats but were unable to inhibit gastric acid secretion，showing no significant difference between the two（P>0.05）. Both formulations in the Ganlu Powder group effectively reduced fever of rats，with significant differences between the formula granule group and the traditional decoction group（P<0.05）. Both formulations in the Zhuyu Pill group alleviated mouse diarrhea symptoms，showing significance compared to the formula granule group（P<0.05）. Both formulations in the Reverse Zuojin Pill group alleviated mouse pain sensation，with no significant difference between the two（P>0.05）.

Conclusion

When Zuojin Pill is used to treat gastric ulcers，the efficacy of the traditional decoction is equivalent to the formula granules. For Ganlu Powder in treating fever，the formula granules are superior to the traditional decoction. When Zhuyu Pill is used for treating diarrhea，the efficacy of the traditional decoction is superior to the formula granules. In the case of Reverse Zuojin Pill for analgesia，the efficacy of the traditional decoction is equivalent to the formula granules.

, authors=Kaining REN, Yijie HAN, Xuefei LEI, Zhenqiu ZHANG, authorsList=Kaining REN, Yijie HAN, Xuefei LEI, Zhenqiu ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhenqiu ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322925361318724368, articleId=1322925354008052474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=黄连-吴茱萸药对传统汤剂与配方颗粒的药效对比研究, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

比较不同比例的黄连-吴茱萸药对，其传统汤剂和配方颗粒之间的药效差异。

方法

分别为不同比例黄连-吴茱萸药对的典型药效指标设计了不同的对比实验。左金丸组（黄连∶吴茱萸＝6∶1）选用无水乙醇致大鼠胃溃疡实验测定抑制大鼠胃溃疡和胃酸分泌的药效强度，分析血液中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）与丙二醛（MDA）指标；甘露散组（黄连∶吴茱萸＝2∶1）选用干酵母致热测大鼠肛温实验测定解热药效的强度；茱萸丸组（黄连∶吴茱萸＝1∶1）选用小鼠小肠推进实验测定止泻药效的强度；反左金丸组（黄连∶吴茱萸＝1∶6）选用小鼠醋酸扭体实验测定镇痛药效的强度。

结果

左金丸组中两种剂型均能有效抑制大鼠胃溃疡，但不能抑制胃酸分泌，二者之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；甘露散组中两种剂型均能有效抑制大鼠发热，配方颗粒组与传统汤剂组相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；茱萸丸组中两种剂型均能减轻小鼠腹泻症状，传统汤剂组与配方颗粒组相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；反左金丸组中两种剂型均能减轻小鼠痛感，但二者之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。

结论

左金丸用于治疗胃溃疡时，传统汤剂与配方颗粒药效相当；甘露散用于治疗发热时，配方颗粒药效优于传统汤剂；茱萸丸用于治疗泻下时，传统汤剂药效优于配方颗粒；反左金丸用于镇痛时，传统汤剂与配方颗粒药效相当。

, authors=任凯宁, 韩艺杰, 雷雪霏, 张振秋, authorsList=任凯宁, 韩艺杰, 雷雪霏, 张振秋, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张振秋, authorNote=

任凯宁（1997-），男，四川成都人，硕士在读，研究方向：中药学。

, correspAuthorsNote=
张振秋（1964-），男，辽宁本溪人，教授，博士研究生导师，博士，研究方向：中药学。E-mail：。
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任凯宁（1997-），男，四川成都人，硕士在读，研究方向：中药学。

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任凯宁（1997-），男，四川成都人，硕士在读，研究方向：中药学。

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黄芪建中汤中药配方颗粒与传统饮片汤剂治疗慢性非萎缩性胃炎的临床疗效观察［J］. 中华中医药学刊，2023，41（6）：204-208., articleTitle=黄芪建中汤中药配方颗粒与传统饮片汤剂治疗慢性非萎缩性胃炎的临床疗效观察, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925386027369330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322925354008052474, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=20, issue=17, pageStart=102, pageEnd=103，119, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=［29］, rfOrder=28, authorNames=郭寒宇, journalName=中国中医药现代远程教育, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郭寒宇. 中药配方颗粒与传统中药饮片汤剂治疗胃溃疡疗效对比［J］. 中国中医药现代远程教育，2022，20（17）：102-103，119., articleTitle=中药配方颗粒与传统中药饮片汤剂治疗胃溃疡疗效对比, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925386291610483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322925354008052474, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=16, issue=22, pageStart=18, pageEnd=23, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=［30］, rfOrder=29, authorNames=段兴平, 黄常友, 王大明, journalName=临床合理用药, refType=null, unstructuredReference=段兴平，黄常友，王大明，等. 中药精制饮片与配方颗粒在临床应用中的经济性比较［J］. 临床合理用药，2023，16（22）：18-23., articleTitle=中药精制饮片与配方颗粒在临床应用中的经济性比较, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322925374933435213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322925354008052474, awardId=81473314, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(81473314), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322925375017321294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322925354008052474, awardId=2019-MS-224, language=CN, fundingSource=辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2019-MS-224), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925361641685779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322925354008052474, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925361650074388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322925354008052474, companyId=1322925361641685779, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, 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组别n剂量/（g·kg-1）溃疡指数抑制率/（%）
A空白对照组10-50.62±8.07-
B阳性对照组103.6022.81±4.84**54.94±9.56**
C配方颗粒组104.2030.86±4.22*39.04±8.34*
D传统汤剂组104.2021.12±5.42**58.27±10.71**
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左金丸对大鼠胃溃疡的影响结果（±s）

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组别n剂量/（g·kg-1）溃疡指数抑制率/（%）
A空白对照组10-50.62±8.07-
B阳性对照组103.6022.81±4.84**54.94±9.56**
C配方颗粒组104.2030.86±4.22*39.04±8.34*
D传统汤剂组104.2021.12±5.42**58.27±10.71**
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组别n剂量/（g·kg-1）胃液量/（mL）胃酸浓/（mmol·L-1）
A空白对照组10-1.25±0.2116.82±3.24
B阳性对照组103.601.06±0.3112.89±1.59
C配方颗粒组104.201.23±0.2013.45±5.16
D传统汤剂组104.201.20±0.1814.79±4.10
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左金丸对大鼠胃酸分泌的影响结果（±s）

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组别n剂量/（g·kg-1）胃液量/（mL）胃酸浓/（mmol·L-1）
A空白对照组10-1.25±0.2116.82±3.24
B阳性对照组103.601.06±0.3112.89±1.59
C配方颗粒组104.201.23±0.2013.45±5.16
D传统汤剂组104.201.20±0.1814.79±4.10
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组别n剂量/（g·kg-1）SOD/（U/mL）MDA/（μmol/mL）
A空白对照组10-171.87±34.8316.20±3.67
B阳性对照组103.60355.85±30.30**9.32±1.10*
C配方颗粒组104.20372.48±56.97**9.64±0.68*
D传统汤剂组104.20337.20±36.81**10.68±1.01
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左金丸对大鼠血液SOD、MDA测定结果（±s）

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组别n剂量/（g·kg-1）SOD/（U/mL）MDA/（μmol/mL）
A空白对照组10-171.87±34.8316.20±3.67
B阳性对照组103.60355.85±30.30**9.32±1.10*
C配方颗粒组104.20372.48±56.97**9.64±0.68*
D传统汤剂组104.20337.20±36.81**10.68±1.01
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组别n大鼠体温/（℃）
0.5 h1 h2 h3 h4 h
A空白对照组837.72±0.2238.05±0.2538.47±0.1438.91±0.1239.02±0.10
B阳性对照组837.41±0.1138.02±0.0938.12±0.1238.20±0.09*38.27±0.12*
C配方颗粒组836.54±0.39**++#36.47±0.46**++#36.96±0.38**++##37.69±0.35**38.12±0.29**
D传统汤剂组837.39±0.3337.46±0.3137.98±0.2738.14±0.22*38.31±0.23*
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甘露散对干酵母所致大鼠发热的影响（±s）

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组别n大鼠体温/（℃）
0.5 h1 h2 h3 h4 h
A空白对照组837.72±0.2238.05±0.2538.47±0.1438.91±0.1239.02±0.10
B阳性对照组837.41±0.1138.02±0.0938.12±0.1238.20±0.09*38.27±0.12*
C配方颗粒组836.54±0.39**++#36.47±0.46**++#36.96±0.38**++##37.69±0.35**38.12±0.29**
D传统汤剂组837.39±0.3337.46±0.3137.98±0.2738.14±0.22*38.31±0.23*
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组别n剂量/（g·kg-1）肠推进率/（%）
A空白对照组10-53.84±3.91
B阳性对照组102.3442.62±3.04*
C配方颗粒组104.2042.65±4.74*
D传统汤剂组104.2030.33±3.48**+#
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茱萸丸对小鼠小肠推进度的影响（±s）

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组别n剂量/（g·kg-1）肠推进率/（%）
A空白对照组10-53.84±3.91
B阳性对照组102.3442.62±3.04*
C配方颗粒组104.2042.65±4.74*
D传统汤剂组104.2030.33±3.48**+#
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组别n剂量/（g·kg-1）扭体次数/（次）潜伏期/（s）扭体抑制率/（%）
A空白对照组10-74.40±4.14161.10±16.42-
B阳性对照组102.7026.80±1.79**566.00±41.11**63.80±2.43**
C配方颗粒组104.2048.30±5.26**++446.30±45.18**+35.00±7.03**++
D传统汤剂组104.2039.90±5.23**+416.00±35.75**++46.30±7.04**+
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反左金丸对冰醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应的影响（±s）

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组别n剂量/（g·kg-1）扭体次数/（次）潜伏期/（s）扭体抑制率/（%）
A空白对照组10-74.40±4.14161.10±16.42-
B阳性对照组102.7026.80±1.79**566.00±41.11**63.80±2.43**
C配方颗粒组104.2048.30±5.26**++446.30±45.18**+35.00±7.03**++
D传统汤剂组104.2039.90±5.23**+416.00±35.75**++46.30±7.04**+
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黄连-吴茱萸药对传统汤剂与配方颗粒的药效对比研究
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任凯宁 , 韩艺杰 , 雷雪霏 , 张振秋
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(5): 168-171
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中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2025 , 43 (5) : 168 -171
黄连-吴茱萸药对传统汤剂与配方颗粒的药效对比研究
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任凯宁, 韩艺杰, 雷雪霏, 张振秋
作者信息
  • 辽宁中医药大学药学院，辽宁 大连 116600
通讯作者:
张振秋（1964-），男，辽宁本溪人，教授，博士研究生导师，博士，研究方向：中药学。E-mail：。
作者简介:

任凯宁（1997-），男，四川成都人，硕士在读，研究方向：中药学。

A Comparative Study of Efficacy between Traditional Decoction and Formula Granules of Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）-Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）
Kaining REN, Yijie HAN, Xuefei LEI, Zhenqiu ZHANG
Affiliations
  • School of Pharmacy，Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Dalian 116600，Liaoning，China
出版时间: 2025-05-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.05.031
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摘要
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目的

比较不同比例的黄连-吴茱萸药对，其传统汤剂和配方颗粒之间的药效差异。

方法

分别为不同比例黄连-吴茱萸药对的典型药效指标设计了不同的对比实验。左金丸组（黄连∶吴茱萸＝6∶1）选用无水乙醇致大鼠胃溃疡实验测定抑制大鼠胃溃疡和胃酸分泌的药效强度，分析血液中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）与丙二醛（MDA）指标；甘露散组（黄连∶吴茱萸＝2∶1）选用干酵母致热测大鼠肛温实验测定解热药效的强度；茱萸丸组（黄连∶吴茱萸＝1∶1）选用小鼠小肠推进实验测定止泻药效的强度；反左金丸组（黄连∶吴茱萸＝1∶6）选用小鼠醋酸扭体实验测定镇痛药效的强度。

结果

左金丸组中两种剂型均能有效抑制大鼠胃溃疡，但不能抑制胃酸分泌，二者之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；甘露散组中两种剂型均能有效抑制大鼠发热，配方颗粒组与传统汤剂组相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；茱萸丸组中两种剂型均能减轻小鼠腹泻症状，传统汤剂组与配方颗粒组相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；反左金丸组中两种剂型均能减轻小鼠痛感，但二者之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。

结论

左金丸用于治疗胃溃疡时，传统汤剂与配方颗粒药效相当；甘露散用于治疗发热时，配方颗粒药效优于传统汤剂；茱萸丸用于治疗泻下时，传统汤剂药效优于配方颗粒；反左金丸用于镇痛时，传统汤剂与配方颗粒药效相当。

黄连吴茱萸药对  /  配比  /  传统汤剂  /  配方颗粒  /  药效比较
Objective

To compare the efficacy differences between traditional decoction and formula granules of different ratios of Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）-Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）.

Methods

Various typical efficacy indicators were used for different ratios of Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）-Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）in separate comparative experiments. Zuojin Pill（左归丸）group［Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）；Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）＝6∶1］used an anhydrous ethanol-induced gastric ulcer experiment to measure the effectiveness in inhibiting gastric ulcers and gastric acid secretion of rats. Blood superoxide dismutase（SOD）and malondialdehyde（MDA）were analyzed. The Ganlu Powder（甘露散）group［Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）：Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）＝2∶1］used dry yeast-induced hyperthermia in rats to determine the antipyretic efficacy. The Zhuyu Pill（茱萸丸）group［Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）：Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）＝1∶1］used a small intestinal propulsion experiment in mice to determine the antidiarrheal efficacy. The Reverse Zuojin Pill（反左金丸）group［Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）：Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）＝1∶6］used acetic acid-induced writhing in mice to determine the analgesic efficacy.

Results

Both formulations in the Zuojin Pill group effectively inhibited gastric ulcers of the rats but were unable to inhibit gastric acid secretion，showing no significant difference between the two（P>0.05）. Both formulations in the Ganlu Powder group effectively reduced fever of rats，with significant differences between the formula granule group and the traditional decoction group（P<0.05）. Both formulations in the Zhuyu Pill group alleviated mouse diarrhea symptoms，showing significance compared to the formula granule group（P<0.05）. Both formulations in the Reverse Zuojin Pill group alleviated mouse pain sensation，with no significant difference between the two（P>0.05）.

Conclusion

When Zuojin Pill is used to treat gastric ulcers，the efficacy of the traditional decoction is equivalent to the formula granules. For Ganlu Powder in treating fever，the formula granules are superior to the traditional decoction. When Zhuyu Pill is used for treating diarrhea，the efficacy of the traditional decoction is superior to the formula granules. In the case of Reverse Zuojin Pill for analgesia，the efficacy of the traditional decoction is equivalent to the formula granules.

Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）-Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）  /  ratio  /  traditional decoction  /  formula granules  /  efficacy comparison
任凯宁, 韩艺杰, 雷雪霏, 张振秋. 黄连-吴茱萸药对传统汤剂与配方颗粒的药效对比研究. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (5) : 168 -171 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.05.031
Kaining REN, Yijie HAN, Xuefei LEI, Zhenqiu ZHANG. A Comparative Study of Efficacy between Traditional Decoction and Formula Granules of Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）-Wuzhuyu（Evodiae Fructus）[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (5) : 168 -171 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.05.031
正文
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黄连与吴茱萸药对配伍的使用最初记载于张仲景所著的《伤寒杂病论》，随后在各时期的医药论著中也有不少关于其配伍方剂的记载。由黄连和吴茱萸按6∶1的比例配伍的左金丸出自《丹溪心法》，有疏肝泻火、和胃止痛之功，主治肝火犯胃、嘈杂吞酸、呕吐胁痛等[1]；由黄连和吴茱萸按2∶1的比例配伍的甘露散出自《圣济总录》，有清暑祛湿之功，主治暑气病；由黄连和吴茱萸按1∶1的比例配伍的茱萸丸出自《太平圣惠方》，有助阳止泻之功，主治因脾失健运、升降失调所致的水泻；反左金丸是由后世经左金丸启发，颠倒二药用药比例，即黄连和吴茱萸按1∶6的比例配伍，有理气降逆、化湿散寒之功，主治因寒凝湿滞、气结气逆所致的胃脘痞满疼痛、呕逆等症。由此可见，黄连-吴茱萸配伍比例的变化可引起功能主治不同，即类方中药味的变化使类方的功效产生差异。
中药传统汤剂历经数年的文化沉淀，但因耗时、费力、不便携带的特点，使其在现代临床使用中受到限制。中药配方颗粒虽改进了传统汤剂的绝大多数弊端，但其与传统汤剂的用药等效性问题也为人所担忧。近年来，大量学者[2-5]对二者进行了对比研究，而目前尚无将临床上黄连吴茱萸药对常用比例的传统汤剂与配方颗粒针对某一特征药效作比较的研究。故本文选取黄连-吴茱萸（6∶1、2∶1、1∶1、1∶6）4种方剂及各方剂的一个典型药效指标，设计了4个不同的对比实验来分别比较各方剂的传统汤剂和配方颗粒的药效差异，为黄连吴茱萸配伍的进一步研究奠定基础，也为传统汤剂和配方颗粒的对比研究提供参考。
1　仪器、试药与动物
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1.1　仪器
AR2140电子分析天平（上海奥豪斯公司）；酶标分析仪（南京德铁生物科技有限公司）；HH-4数显恒温水浴锅（常州赛普实验仪器厂）；调温电热套（北京市永光明医疗仪器厂）；冷冻干燥器（青岛永合创信电子科技公司）；豪奇电子体温计HQ-F3A（郑州豪润奇电子科技有限公司）。
1.2　试药
黄连、吴茱萸和大黄药材均购于河北省安国市广盛商贸有限公司，经辽宁中医药大学李峰教授鉴定，黄连为毛茛科植物黄连Coptis chinensis Franch.的干燥根茎；吴茱萸为芸香科植物吴茱萸Evodia rutaecarpa（Juss.）Benth.的干燥近成熟果实，大黄为毛茛科植物掌叶大黄Rheum palmatum L.的干燥根及根茎；三九胃泰颗粒华润三九医药股份有限公司，批号：2302088F）；藿香正气水（广西慧宝源医药科技有限公司，批号：H0074）；元胡止痛片（商丘市金马药业有限公司，批号：23060912）；香连丸（湖北香连药业有限责任公司，批号：20230504）；总超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）测定试剂盒（沈阳万类生物科技有限公司，批号：21A113）；丙二醛（MDA）试剂盒（沈阳万类生物科技有限公司，批号：01A083）；甲醛溶液（上海沃凯生物技术有限公司，批号：20161013）；乙醚（天津市津东天正精细化学试剂厂，批号：20220224）；生理盐水（四川科伦药业股份有限公司）；无水乙醇（莱阳市铁塔化工制品厂，批号：20220705）；NaOH（广州和为医药科技有限公司，批号：16258372）；高活性干酵母（菏泽多美酵母有限公司，批号：20221106）；液状石蜡（武邑炎威医疗科技有限公司，批号：20230803）；冰醋酸（天津市科密欧化学试剂有限公司）；阿拉伯树胶粉；炭末粉。
1.3　动物
大鼠（SPF），雄性，体质量（200±20）g；小鼠（SPF），雌雄各半，体质量（20±2）g，均购于辽宁长生生物技术股份有限公司［许可证号：SCXK（辽）2020-0001］。
2　方法与结果
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2.1　样品的制备
按不同组方黄连-吴茱萸比例6∶1（左金丸）、2∶1、（甘露散）、1∶1（茱萸丸）、1∶6（反左金丸）称取二者粗粉，再称取黄连、吴茱萸的粗粉。各组分别加入10倍量水回流提取3次，合并各提取液，浓缩，冷冻干燥制粒，得到左金丸、甘露散、茱萸丸和反左金丸4种比例的传统汤剂颗粒和黄连、吴茱萸颗粒。再将两味单药颗粒分别按上述4种比例混匀得到4种配方颗粒。将传统汤剂颗粒和配方颗粒各组样品分别加水配制成含生药4.20 g·kg-1的药液备用。
2.2　左金丸对大鼠胃溃疡及胃酸分泌的抑制作用
2.2.1　实验方法[6-10]
40只大鼠随机分为A、B、C、D组，每组10只。A组为空白对照组，灌胃给生理盐水，给药体积为1.5 mL/100 g；B组为阳性对照组，灌胃给三九胃泰颗粒溶液，给药体积为1.5 mL/100 g；C、D两组为实验组，分别灌胃左金丸传统汤剂药液和配方颗粒药液，给药体积为1.5 mL/100 g。灌胃给药，1次/d，连续给药5 d，从第3天给药后开始禁食不禁水60 h，于末次给药3 h后，各组大鼠均灌胃无水乙醇1.0 mL，并于1 h后通过乙醚麻醉，从腹主动脉取血，再剪隔膜处死。结扎幽门和贲门，取出胃并置于10%甲醛溶液中固定，10 min后沿胃大弯剪开，收集胃液，最后冲洗胃壁，观察评定溃疡指数并计算抑制率。胃液采用酸碱滴定法滴定胃酸浓度，标定液为0.019 98 mol/L NaOH溶液。
2.2.2　评定方法
胃腺区溃疡长度>1 mm者测其长度，每1 mm计为1分，宽度>1 mm者则计分加倍，若为小溃疡点计0.5分，将计分相加即为该动物的溃疡指数。抑制率（%）＝（空白对照组溃疡指数-给药组溃疡指数）/空白对照组溃疡指数×100%。
2.2.3　实验结果
（1）左金丸对大鼠胃溃疡的影响：左金丸配方颗粒和传统汤剂均能有效抑制大鼠胃溃疡，配方颗粒组在抑制胃溃疡上与空白组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），而传统汤剂组显著性差异更明显（P<0.01），结果见表1。（2）左金丸对大鼠胃酸分泌的影响：左金丸配方颗粒和传统汤剂不能有效抑制胃液量和降低胃酸浓度，结果见表2。（3）左金丸对大鼠血液超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）指标的影响：血液进行12 000 r·min-1离心5 min，取上层分离血清，采用方阵滴定法，用酶标仪进行指标测定。配方颗粒组和传统汤剂组在SOD表达上与空白组差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），而配方颗粒组在MDA的抑制上与空白组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），结果见表3。
2.3　甘露散对大鼠耐热受能力的研究
2.3.1　实验方法[11-13]
将40只大鼠随机分为A、B、C、D组，每组10只。A组为空白对照组，灌胃给生理盐水，给药体积为1.5 mL/100 g；B组为阳性对照组给藿香正气水，给药体积为1.5 mL/100 g；C、D两组为实验组，分别灌胃甘露散配方颗粒药液、传统汤剂药液，给药体积为1.5 mL/100 g。灌胃1次/d，连续给药5 d。实验前3 d每天测每只大鼠肛温2次，使鼠适应。实验前12 h禁食不禁水，实验当日每隔1 h测1次体温做平均体温。背部皮下注射15%干酵母混悬液，使大鼠产生致热反应。注射4 h后，对4个不同实验组灌胃给药，给药后分别在0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0 h时间点测定药物对各组大鼠解热效果的影响。
2.3.2　实验结果
配方颗粒组在0.5～4 h时间段内与空白组差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），在0.5～2 h时间段内与阳性药组差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），在0.5～1 h时间段内与传统汤剂组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），而在2 h时与传统汤剂组差异更明显（P<0.01）；传统汤剂组在3～4 h时间段内与空白组相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），结果见表4。
2.4　茱萸丸对小鼠止泻作用的影响研究
2.4.1　实验方法[13-15]
将40只小鼠随机分为A、B、C、D组，每组10只。A组为空白对照组，灌胃给生理盐水，给药体积为0.2 mL/100 g；B组为阳性对照组，灌胃给2.34 g/kg香连丸，给药体积为2.5 mL/100 g；C、D两组为实验组，分别灌胃茱萸丸配方颗粒药液、传统汤剂药液，给药体积为2.5 mL/100 g。1次/d，连续给药5 d，实验前24 h禁食不禁水。末次给药后1 h，以10%阿拉伯胶、10%炭末、40%大黄配制成50 mL/kg混悬液灌胃，0.2 mL/100 g。20 min后，脱颈椎处死小鼠，剖开腹腔，取出胃肠，观察测量炭末在小肠推进长度（幽门-回盲部）。
2.4.2　评定方法
观察炭末在小肠中的推进长度，并计算推进率。推进率＝炭末在小肠中的推进长度/小肠总长度×100%。
2.4.3　实验结果
配方颗粒组在止泻功效上与空白组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；而传统汤剂组在止泻功效上与空白组差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），与阳性药组差异也有统计学意义（P<0.05），且与配方颗粒组差异也有统计学意义（P<0.05），结果见表5。
2.5　反左金丸对小鼠镇痛实验研究
2.5.1　实验方法[15-18]
将40只小鼠随机分为A、B、C、D组，每组10只。A组为空白对照组，灌胃给生理盐水，给药体积为0.2 mL/100 g；B组为阳性对照组，灌胃给2.7 g/kg元胡止痛片，给药体积为2.5 mL/100 g；C、D两组为实验组，分别灌胃反左金丸配方颗粒药液、传统汤剂药液，给药体积为2.5 mL/100 g。1次/d，连续给药5 d，实验前12 h禁食不禁水。末次给药后30 min每只小鼠腹腔注射0.6%冰醋酸生理盐水0.1 mL/10 g体质量，观察并记录第一次扭体出现的时间（潜伏期）及20 min内小鼠出现的扭体次数，比较各组差异。
2.5.2　评定方法
观测小鼠腹部肌肉收缩、背部拱起和后肢伸展并计数作为扭体总次数。
2.5.3　实验结果
配方颗粒组在镇痛功效上与空白组差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），且潜伏期差异也有统计学意义（P<0.01）；而传统汤剂组在镇痛功效上与空白组差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），且潜伏期差异也有统计学意义（P<0.01），结果见表6。
3　小结与讨论
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丹溪云：“凡火盛者，不可骤用凉药，必兼温散”[19]。黄连单用，其苦寒虽可泻火，但寒凉之性易阻遏阳气，故佐以小剂量吴茱萸，制约其苦寒之性。涂瑶生等[20]发现，该药对配伍中吴茱萸的比例越高，黄连中各组分的溶出率明显减少。左金丸的传统汤剂和配方颗粒在溃疡抑制率、SOD活力和MDA含量的测定上均优于空白组，但彼此之间的药效相当，且与易成玉[21]、葛淑瑜[22]等研究结果相符合。在左金丸中，黄连作为君药且占比较高，以6∶1比例配伍吴茱萸后，可能对其配方颗粒和传统汤剂的药效作用影响较小，故二者药效相当。而吴茱萸比例提高后，甘露散的配方颗粒在用于降低因干酵母致机体发热时的药效优于传统汤剂，这可能与在煎煮过程中黄连中的生物碱类与吴茱萸中的黄酮类成分形成大分子复合物产生沉淀[20]而致药效改变有关。当黄连用量等于吴茱萸时，茱萸丸传统汤剂在缓解腹泻时的药效优于配方颗粒，且谭朝丹等[23]发现该比例的几个主要化学成分含量在传统汤剂中均高于配方颗粒，黄连和吴茱萸配伍有利于吴茱萸中主要生物碱的溶出。故推测两药合煎时，吴茱萸生物碱溶出率增大，两药苦降辛开，一清一温，进而增强了茱萸丸治疗下痢水泻之功。反左金丸的传统汤剂与配方颗粒在用于镇痛时的药效相当，侯敏娜等[24]研究者发现反左金丸用于镇痛作用的活性成分有41个，其中吴茱萸的成分有35个，而黄连的成分仅有6个，所以当两药配伍时若吴茱萸用量大于黄连，对其配方颗粒和传统汤剂的药效发挥影响较小。
由此可推测，当黄连吴茱萸配伍比例差异较大时，该药对传统汤剂和配方颗粒之间药效差异无统计学意义；而当两药比例相近时，二者药效强度的变化则有差异性的变化。目前，传统中药汤剂和中药配方颗粒的对比研究还处于发展初期阶段，研究也多以低水平的重复试验为主。但随着国家对中药的愈发重视，越来越多的学者加入该方向的研究，通过药效[25]、化学成分[26-27]、临床研究[28-29]、市场效益[30]等方面对传统汤剂和配方颗粒进行了比较，为配方颗粒可使用的科学性提供依据。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金项目(81473314)
  • 辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2019-MS-224)
文献
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.05.031
  • 首发时间：2026-10-30
  • 出版时间：2025-05-10
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81473314)
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2019-MS-224)
作者信息
    辽宁中医药大学药学院，辽宁 大连 116600

通讯作者:

张振秋（1964-），男，辽宁本溪人，教授，博士研究生导师，博士，研究方向：中药学。E-mail：。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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