Article(id=1322923805739462867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923782029062261, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.06.029, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339214023, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1749484800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339214023, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339214023, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339214023, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322923782029062261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1749484800000', pubDateStr='2025-06-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339208371, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340556755, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929437859258468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923782029062261, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929437859258469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923782029062261, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=147, endPage=150, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322923807647871188, articleId=1322923805739462867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Influence of Linggui Zhugan Decoction(苓桂术甘汤)on Lymphangiogenesis and Participation of m-RCT Preventing and Treating Atherosclerosis Based on “Three Energizers,The Way of Water and Food”, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis(AS)is complex,among which lipid metabolism plays an important role in the development of AS,and the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis has become one of the strategies for the prevention and treatment of AS.The purpose of reverse cholesterol transport(RCT)is to return extrahepatic cholesterol to the liver through the blood circulation,where it is metabolized and then excreted from the body,and to inhibit the development of ASby removing excess cholesterol from the arterial blood vessel wall.However,studies on RCT mainly focus on the metabolic transformation of cholesterol,and studies on cholesterol transport are rare.Lymphatic vessels exist in the outer membrane of the arterial wall,and lymphangiogenesis is critical in the pathologic process of AS.When lymphatic vessels are dysfunctional,the transport of immune cells,immune response and absorption of dietary fat are impeded,which then accelerate the development of AS.More and more studies have confirmed that lymphatic vessels serve as important channels for RCT and that intraplaque cholesterol efflux is dependent on lymphatic transport,so this review hypothesized that increasing the neogenesis of periarterial lymphatic vessels may be a response to alleviate the excessive accumulation of cholesterol in plaques.Linggui Zhugan Decoction(苓桂术甘汤)is originated from The Essentials of the Golden Chamber,and the group proved its efficacy on ASin the preliminary stage,and this review was about the influence of Linggui Zhugan Decoction on lymphangiogenesis involved in m-RCT to prevent and treat AS.

, authors=Yuan CAO, Chunying LIU, Lianqun JIA, Nan SONG, Yixin MA, Xueying QIU, Xue LENG, Jingxuan ZHU, authorsList=Yuan CAO, Chunying LIU, Lianqun JIA, Nan SONG, Yixin MA, Xueying QIU, Xue LENG, Jingxuan ZHU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Chunying LIU, Lianqun JIA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322923808268628183, articleId=1322923805739462867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=基于“三焦者、水谷之道路”探讨苓桂术甘汤影响淋巴管生成参与m-RCT防治动脉粥样硬化理论研究, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)发病机制繁多复杂,其中脂代谢在AS发生发展中具有不可忽视的作用,调节胆固醇稳态亦成为防治AS的策略之一。胆固醇逆向转运(reverse cholesterol transport,RCT)的目的为将肝外胆固醇通过血液循环回输至肝脏,于肝内代谢转化,随即排出体外。RCT通过将过量的胆固醇从动脉血管壁排出体外来抑制AS的发生和发展。然而,目前对RCT的研究主要集中于胆固醇的代谢转化过程中,而对胆固醇运输过程的研究较为少见。淋巴管存在于动脉壁外膜中,淋巴管生成在AS的病理进程中较为关键,当淋巴管功能障碍时,免疫细胞的输送、免疫应答反应以及吸收膳食脂肪等功能受阻,进而加速AS的发生发展。越来越多的研究证实,淋巴管作为RCT的重要通道,斑块内胆固醇排出依赖于淋巴管运输,于是,该综述推测增加动脉外膜淋巴管新生可能是缓解斑块中过量蓄积胆固醇的应对措施。苓桂术甘汤源自《金匮要略》,课题组前期证明其对AS疗效显著,就苓桂术甘汤影响淋巴管生成参与m-RCT防治AS进行综述。

, authors=曹媛, 刘春英, 贾连群, 宋囡, 马艺鑫, 裘雪莹, 冷雪, 朱敬轩, authorsList=曹媛, 刘春英, 贾连群, 宋囡, 马艺鑫, 裘雪莹, 冷雪, 朱敬轩, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=刘春英, 贾连群, authorNote=

曹媛(1988-),女,辽宁沈阳人,高级实验师,硕士研究生导师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心脑血管疾病基础。

, correspAuthorsNote=
刘春英(1962-),女,山东文登人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药治疗肿瘤机制。E-mail:。
贾连群(1975-),女,辽宁营口人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心脑血管疾病。E-mail:。
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曹媛(1988-),女,辽宁沈阳人,高级实验师,硕士研究生导师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心脑血管疾病基础。

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曹媛(1988-),女,辽宁沈阳人,高级实验师,硕士研究生导师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心脑血管疾病基础。

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基于“三焦者、水谷之道路”探讨苓桂术甘汤影响淋巴管生成参与m-RCT防治动脉粥样硬化理论研究
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曹媛 , 刘春英 , 贾连群 , 宋囡 , 马艺鑫 , 裘雪莹 , 冷雪 , 朱敬轩
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(6): 147-150
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中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2025 , 43 (6) : 147 -150
基于“三焦者、水谷之道路”探讨苓桂术甘汤影响淋巴管生成参与m-RCT防治动脉粥样硬化理论研究
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曹媛, 刘春英 , 贾连群 , 宋囡, 马艺鑫, 裘雪莹, 冷雪, 朱敬轩
作者信息
  • 辽宁中医药大学中医脏象理论及应用教育部重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110847
通讯作者:
刘春英(1962-),女,山东文登人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药治疗肿瘤机制。E-mail:。
贾连群(1975-),女,辽宁营口人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心脑血管疾病。E-mail:。
作者简介:

曹媛(1988-),女,辽宁沈阳人,高级实验师,硕士研究生导师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心脑血管疾病基础。

Influence of Linggui Zhugan Decoction(苓桂术甘汤)on Lymphangiogenesis and Participation of m-RCT Preventing and Treating Atherosclerosis Based on “Three Energizers,The Way of Water and Food”
Yuan CAO, Chunying LIU , Lianqun JIA , Nan SONG, Yixin MA, Xueying QIU, Xue LENG, Jingxuan ZHU
Affiliations
  • Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Organ Image Theory and Application of Ministry of Education,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China
出版时间: 2025-06-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.06.029
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动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)发病机制繁多复杂,其中脂代谢在AS发生发展中具有不可忽视的作用,调节胆固醇稳态亦成为防治AS的策略之一。胆固醇逆向转运(reverse cholesterol transport,RCT)的目的为将肝外胆固醇通过血液循环回输至肝脏,于肝内代谢转化,随即排出体外。RCT通过将过量的胆固醇从动脉血管壁排出体外来抑制AS的发生和发展。然而,目前对RCT的研究主要集中于胆固醇的代谢转化过程中,而对胆固醇运输过程的研究较为少见。淋巴管存在于动脉壁外膜中,淋巴管生成在AS的病理进程中较为关键,当淋巴管功能障碍时,免疫细胞的输送、免疫应答反应以及吸收膳食脂肪等功能受阻,进而加速AS的发生发展。越来越多的研究证实,淋巴管作为RCT的重要通道,斑块内胆固醇排出依赖于淋巴管运输,于是,该综述推测增加动脉外膜淋巴管新生可能是缓解斑块中过量蓄积胆固醇的应对措施。苓桂术甘汤源自《金匮要略》,课题组前期证明其对AS疗效显著,就苓桂术甘汤影响淋巴管生成参与m-RCT防治AS进行综述。

动脉粥样硬化  /  淋巴管生成  /  胆固醇逆向转运

The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis(AS)is complex,among which lipid metabolism plays an important role in the development of AS,and the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis has become one of the strategies for the prevention and treatment of AS.The purpose of reverse cholesterol transport(RCT)is to return extrahepatic cholesterol to the liver through the blood circulation,where it is metabolized and then excreted from the body,and to inhibit the development of ASby removing excess cholesterol from the arterial blood vessel wall.However,studies on RCT mainly focus on the metabolic transformation of cholesterol,and studies on cholesterol transport are rare.Lymphatic vessels exist in the outer membrane of the arterial wall,and lymphangiogenesis is critical in the pathologic process of AS.When lymphatic vessels are dysfunctional,the transport of immune cells,immune response and absorption of dietary fat are impeded,which then accelerate the development of AS.More and more studies have confirmed that lymphatic vessels serve as important channels for RCT and that intraplaque cholesterol efflux is dependent on lymphatic transport,so this review hypothesized that increasing the neogenesis of periarterial lymphatic vessels may be a response to alleviate the excessive accumulation of cholesterol in plaques.Linggui Zhugan Decoction(苓桂术甘汤)is originated from The Essentials of the Golden Chamber,and the group proved its efficacy on ASin the preliminary stage,and this review was about the influence of Linggui Zhugan Decoction on lymphangiogenesis involved in m-RCT to prevent and treat AS.

atherosclerosis  /  lymphangiogenesis  /  reverse cholesterol transport
曹媛, 刘春英, 贾连群, 宋囡, 马艺鑫, 裘雪莹, 冷雪, 朱敬轩. 基于“三焦者、水谷之道路”探讨苓桂术甘汤影响淋巴管生成参与m-RCT防治动脉粥样硬化理论研究. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (6) : 147 -150 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.06.029
Yuan CAO, Chunying LIU, Lianqun JIA, Nan SONG, Yixin MA, Xueying QIU, Xue LENG, Jingxuan ZHU. Influence of Linggui Zhugan Decoction(苓桂术甘汤)on Lymphangiogenesis and Participation of m-RCT Preventing and Treating Atherosclerosis Based on “Three Energizers,The Way of Water and Food”[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (6) : 147 -150 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.06.029
据数据统计,2020年全球动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)患病人数约为20亿,27.6%的颈动脉中膜厚度增加,估计10.7亿人受累,较之2000年增加了57.46%;中日韩处于的西太平洋地区患病人数最多,患病率增长最快[1]。中国慢性病前瞻性研究一项分析显示,中国有三分之一成人存在颈动脉粥样斑块[2]。可见,AS已成为危害我国国民健康的一大杀手。AS发生时血管内壁堆积大量脂类物质,导致管腔狭窄并且管壁僵硬,阻断动脉血流,是冠心病、心绞痛、心肌梗死、心源性猝死等疾病的病理基础。现代医学对AS的治疗主要通过长期服用降脂药、抗凝药、抗血小板药、溶栓药以及创伤性手术治疗干预。中西医结合防治AS目前疗效确切,也体现了中医药的独特优势,可针对AS病程长、多器官损害的特点,更好地发挥整体调节、综合干预的特点,并且疗效可靠,不良反应小,更适应脏腑功能减退、代谢功能较差的人群。
中医将AS归属胸痹之范畴,并具有系统的理论与丰富的经验及完善的理、法、方、药体系。其由脾虚膏脂转输障碍,痰浊血瘀互结,痹阻脉道而成。而“膏脂”与现代医学中的血脂的含义颇相一致。故从中医角度紧扣血脂异常为AS发生发展的主要诱因之意。“膏脂”为津液之稠浊的部分,属于水谷精微,三焦为其出入之道路,在膏脂转输中发挥重要作用。根据“三焦者、水谷之道路”理论,理当健脾利湿、通利三焦、输化水液,苓桂术甘汤为首选。临床研究表明苓桂术甘汤干预有助于控制H型高血压病前期患者血压水平、降低同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平,预防AS[3];患者服用苓桂术甘汤合参麦饮后,冠心病心绞痛以及心律失常临床症状明显改善[4]。可见,苓桂术甘汤具有防治AS的作用,但具体分子生物学机制尚不完全清晰。
目前已发现的AS发生发展学说已包括脂质浸润学说、血栓形成和血小板聚集学说、炎症学说、氧化应激学说等。近年来,淋巴管重塑与胆固醇逆转运是AS发病机制研究的热点。如能从三焦输布津液的角度,围绕淋巴管生成与巨噬细胞胆固醇逆转运开展研究,深入探究AS发病机制,并揭示苓桂术甘汤抗AS的作用机制,具有一定的科学研究意义。
《中西汇通医经精义》中记载:“脾生膏脂……脂脾所司”,膏脂由精微所化,精微之生成与转输则皆依赖脾的运化功能,饮食入体由脾胃运化为水谷精微,再由脾气散精而至全身,由水液和合而成膏脂遍布周身。脾为生痰之源,脾失健运,则水谷精微布散失常,酿湿生痰而停聚体内。正所谓“百病皆由痰作祟”,痰浊是贯穿上述疾病的重要致病因素,是体内脏腑功能失常、气血津液运行不畅的病理产物,且其性黏滞胶着,凝滞血脉,留而不去,与AS动脉壁脂质沉积过程颇为相似。《素问·经脉别论篇》曰:“浊气归心,淫精于脉”,膏脂淫精归心于脉中是AS的关键致病因素,膏脂淫精归于心脉,日久脉络瘀阻[5],前期研究发现,脾失健运,水津不布,精化为浊,脾虚膏脂转输障碍,痰瘀互结是血脂异常的关键病机[6]。课题组前期聚焦健脾益气化瘀祛痰防治膏脂转输障碍,针对膏脂转输障碍影响的AS以及健脾化瘀祛痰法的防治开展了大量的临床与基础研究,以血脂异常患者、AS兔、高脂血症大鼠、ApoE-/-小鼠为研究对象[7-9],能够通过调节机体HDL亚类(HDL-C、HDL2a、HDL2b)、胆固醇能量代谢(SREBP2、PCSK9、LDLR、HMGCR、CYP7A1)、miRNA表达(miR-677-5p和miR-7043-3p)等机制,改善脂质沉积。并提示注重津液输布,从脾论治值得重视。
“水精四布,五经并行”,若脾气散精功能正常,精微输布,痰饮得以消散。“病痰饮者,当以温药和之,苓桂术甘汤主之”,苓桂术甘汤首见于《金匮要略》,以茯苓、桂枝、白术与甘草组方四药合用,温阳健脾以助化饮,淡渗利湿以平冲逆,共奏温阳化饮、健脾利湿、祛痰化瘀之功,擅治脾虚饮停诸症,是中阳不足痰饮病之代表方。“中央土以灌四傍”,脾阳充足是维持人体能量与代谢动态平衡的关键,亦是膏脂转输正常运行的重要前提,另外,茯苓有调节脂质代谢、改善肝脏脂肪变性等作用[10],白术在调节糖脂代谢和抑制代谢性炎症机制方面具有十分重要的作用[11-12]。现苓桂术甘汤在临床中已被验证能够明显缓解血脂异常患者症状,降低血脂[13-14],诸多学者围绕苓桂术甘汤开展系列研究,胡元会教授团队研究发现,苓桂术甘汤对于高脂血症有明显的改善作用[15],张立德教授团队研究发现,苓桂术甘汤可以通过改善肝脏脂质沉积[16],进而调节脂质代谢。故从苓桂术甘汤“从脾论证”“温阳化饮”出发,聚焦AS脾失健运、痰湿阻遏的关键病机,“温阳健脾化饮”的典型方药——苓桂术甘汤可能是影响调控机体膏脂转输障碍,缓解机体脂代谢障碍,进而为临床防治AS提供有效的药物。
《素问·灵兰秘典论篇》云:“三焦者,决渎之官,水道出焉”,明确指出三焦为水行之道,具有疏通水道、运行水液的作用,是人体水液升降布散及浊液排泄的通道。《难经·三十一》记载:“三焦,水谷之道路”,强调三焦是饮食水谷运化的道路。《中藏经》曰:“三焦通,则内外左右上下皆通也,其于周身灌体,和内调外,荣左养右,导上宣下,莫大于此者也”,强调了通过对气、血、津、液的气化作用,三焦联系并协调周身脏腑功能,三焦功能是体内脏腑气化功能的综合体现[17-18]。三焦功能正常,其主水液、主诸气功能均正常运行。张丽瑛[19]认为三焦是人体津液代谢的通道。在功能上,不论是正常津液代谢还是津液停留的痰饮之类皆以其为道路。若三焦水道不利,则肺、脾、肾等输布水液功能便会因此受阻。故“三焦者,水谷之道路”可能是机体津液代谢障碍而患病的关键理论基础,当三焦水液输化不利,脾健运失职,饮食水谷不得运化,痰湿阻遏时,治宜健脾利湿,通利三焦,输化水液,临床常用方剂[20]有半夏白术天麻汤、苓桂术甘汤、五苓散等加减。在现代科学研究体系下形成了以现代解剖学理论为基础的认识,认为三焦即淋巴、肠系膜和以离子通道理论为基础的认识、认为三焦是存在于所有脏器组织上的共有通道[21],淋巴管具有调节组织液平衡、输送免疫细胞、参与免疫应答、吸收膳食脂肪等功能[22]。崔健[23]等研究发现,三焦输泄-淋巴管的关系与膏脂致病密切相关。苓桂术甘汤温脾化饮,在调控脂质代谢和胰岛素抵抗、保护心肌细胞和调节水液代谢方面发挥重要的药理作用[24],近年来研究发现,苓桂术甘汤可能通过调节炎症反应、调节免疫细胞以及清除β-淀粉样蛋白(β-amyloid,Aβ)等路径[25],进而脑淋巴系统的关节结构和功能。可见,从“三焦者,水谷之道路”出发,聚焦三焦功能与淋巴管密切相关的内核,探究苓桂术甘汤通过调节淋巴管生成与扩张,补偿调节淋巴功能障碍防治AS具有研究意义。
淋巴管是将富含蛋白质的组织液运送到血液循环的通道。人体绝大部分的组织或器官大多具有淋巴管,其功能为输送组织液中的水、电解质等物质入血以及构成组织间液的回流通道。近年来,随着对淋巴管研究的逐渐深入,越来越多的研究证实淋巴管生成与AS发生发展密切相关[26]。动脉粥样硬化斑块中通常聚集着大量免疫细胞,而免疫细胞的作用不仅仅局限于促炎症作用,更体现在诱导动脉淋巴管重塑[27-28]。胆固醇转运起始于极低密度脂蛋白(very low density lipoprotein,VLDL),从肝脏转运至外周组织。VLDL转化为低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)与中间密度脂蛋白(intermediate density lipoprotein,IDL),而LDL中含有大量的外周循环中的胆固醇。外周组织积累的胆固醇需转移到肝脏以粪便形式排泄,胆固醇从外周转移到肝脏的过程即为胆固醇逆向转运。胆固醇等脂质过多附着动脉管腔是触发AS的主要原因,而减少和清除过量脂质依赖于胆固醇逆向转运(RCT),ABCA1、ABCG1介导的胆固醇外流被认为是RCT的关键。巨噬细胞作为AS斑块组织中最丰富的免疫细胞,在胆固醇逆转运过程中发挥着不可或缺的作用,巨噬细胞内的胆固醇外流是影响胆固醇逆转运的关键环节,也是胆固醇逆转运的第一个步骤。因此,促进巨噬细胞内脂质RCT对防治AS作用明确。胆固醇外流受多种因子调控,包括与游离的贫脂载脂蛋白前β-HDL或apoAI结合的ABCA1、与HDL结合的B族1型清道夫受体(scavenger receptor class Btype1,SR-B1)及三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运子G1(adenosine triphophate(ATP)-binding cassette(ABC)transporter G1,ABCG1)等。动脉内皮损伤后,LDL被氧化为ox-LDL,进而被巨噬细胞表面受体CD36、SR-A1等吞噬,造成ox-LDL携带的胆固醇于巨噬细胞内过量储存。当胆固醇通过表面受体ABCA1、ABCG1等流出,同时ABCA1介导与载脂蛋白AI(apolipoproteinAI,ApoA I)组成初始的HDL颗粒,即preβ-HDL,preβ-HDL转化为成熟的αHDL,再经淋巴管转运回输静脉,最后进入肝脏以粪便的形式排泄,可延缓AS进展;当胆固醇过量蓄积,胆固醇外流受阻,则巨噬细胞转化为泡沫细胞,并释放ROS,加速AS进展。熊果酸能有效抑制RAW264.7巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞形成,促进泡沫细胞内胆固醇流出,抑制动脉粥样硬化[29]。
斑块内胆固醇排出亦依赖于淋巴管运输[30]。淋巴管功能与胆固醇积累的关系在淋巴管微循环障碍的大鼠中得以验证,实验者通过手术结扎方式构建大鼠淋巴管微循环障碍模型,发现其股动脉内膜增厚,中膜胶原纤维百分比增加,提示AS早期病理,说明淋巴引流不充分时,外膜淋巴管迅速扩张,淋巴管内皮细胞中的脂质堆积,表明主动脉病变与主动脉淋巴引流不足存在关联[31]。
血管内皮生长因子受体3(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor,VEGFR)是VEGF家族成员血管内皮生长因子C(vascular endothelial growth factor C,VEGF-C)的受体,特异性地表达于成人淋巴管内皮和淋巴结的内皮细胞小静脉[32],被广泛证实为淋巴管生成的调节因子。研究发现,当增强VEGF-c/VEGFR3信号时,体外人类淋巴内皮细胞(human lymphatic endothelial cells,HLECs)的管形成和迁移明显促进,进而促进成年人的血管和淋巴管生成[33]。实验研究表明,梗死区与心脏非梗死区均存在淋巴管生成,发病后心肌VEGF-C表达增加引起内源性淋巴管生成,尤其是在梗死瘢痕中,淋巴管毛细血管扩张典型[34]。VEGFR3/AKT/ERK为淋巴管生成的下游信号通路[35]。在病理条件下,VEGF-C/VEGFR3信号通路可调节AKT磷酸化从而调控淋巴管内皮细胞的增殖与迁移[36]。如今VEGF-C/VEGFR3与淋巴管生成的相关性在多种疾病中被广泛研究。近期亦有研究表明,VEGF-C可促进淋巴管形成,从而改善淋巴管功能,减少外周胆固醇聚集,提示诱导淋巴管形成会促进RCT治疗AS[37]。
综上,目前苓桂术甘汤治疗AS临床效果显著[38,3],课题组前期研究发现苓桂术甘汤中的君药成分茯苓多糖能够改善HDL功能,同时可通过胆固醇逆转运PPARγ/LXRα/ABCA1信号通路防治AS[39]。在此基础上,课题组提出展望,脾失健运状态下,动脉外膜淋巴管内皮细胞VEGF-c/VEGFR3/AKT/ERK信号通路异常表达,调节淋巴管生成,进而干扰巨噬细胞RCT过程,见插页ⅩⅩⅢ图1。其中,淋巴管生成障碍是膏脂转输障碍的重要环节之一,VEGF-C/VEGFR3/AKT/ERK信号通路为其关键途径。苓桂术甘汤可能通过诱导淋巴管生成,改善RCT过程,调节脂质代谢,进而揭示苓桂术甘汤改善“胸痹”发生的作用机制。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(82104552; 82074145)
  • 辽宁省教育厅项目(LJ232410162027)
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2025年第43卷第6期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.06.029
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-06-10
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国家自然科学基金项目(82104552; 82074145)
辽宁省教育厅项目(LJ232410162027)
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    辽宁中医药大学中医脏象理论及应用教育部重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110847

通讯作者:

刘春英(1962-),女,山东文登人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药治疗肿瘤机制。E-mail:。
贾连群(1975-),女,辽宁营口人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心脑血管疾病。E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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