Article(id=1322923786525352817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923490592043032, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.05.044, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339209442, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1746806400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339209442, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339209442, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339209442, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322923490592043032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1746806400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339138887, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340572227, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929502539612595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923490592043032, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929502539612596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923490592043032, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=234, endPage=238, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322923787339047794, articleId=1322923786525352817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Clinical Application of Xiaozhong Zhitong Decoction(消肿止痛汤)Combined with Crude Fire Needle Cauterization in Treatment of Perineal Abscess in Diabetes, columnId=1256183365644968140, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Platform of Provincial Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To evaluate the clinical application of Xiaozhong Zhitong Decoction(消肿止痛汤)combined with crude fire needle cauterization in the treatment of perineal abscess in diabetes.

Methods

Eighty patients with perineal abscess of diabetes who were definitely diagnosed and systematically treated in the hospital were selected,all of whom met the criteria for inclusion. The data of the patients was collected,with an equal proportion grouping structure,to randomly touch the white and black balls to determine the grouping,a total of two groups. The control group(40 cases)received systemic antibiotics and local sitz baths. The observation group(40 cases)was treated with Xiaozhong Zhitong Decoction fumigation and sitz bath combined with coarse fire needle cauterization. All patients received continuous intervention for 2 weeks as a course of treatment. After all treatment courses were completed to evaluate the clinical efficacy. The inflammatory factor indicators before and after treatment,including C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),visual analog scale(VAS)and quality of life were compared.

Result

The total effective population in the control group accounted for 85.00%(34/40)and that in the observation group accounted for 97.50%(39/40),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Serum inflammatory factor indicators(CRP,IL-6,TNF-α)in the observation group after 2 weeks of treatment were lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The VASscore of the observation group was lower than that of the control group after 3 days of treatment,1 and 2 weeks of treatment,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05). After 2 weeks of treatment,the observation group showed better health perception,lifestyle,emotional control,daily living ability,interpersonal relationships and social activities than the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).

Conclusion

Xiaozhong Zhitong Decoction combined with coarse fire needle cauterization can improve the efficacy of perineal abscess in diabetes,continuously relieve pain,inhibit inflammation and improve quality of life.

, authors=Jin ZHOU1, Min XU1, Dayong LI1, Chengxiao HU2, Haishan SHEN1, authorsList=Jin ZHOU, Min XU, Dayong LI, Chengxiao HU, Haishan SHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Haishan SHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322923788140159859, articleId=1322923786525352817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法治疗糖尿病会阴部脓肿的临床应用研究, columnId=1256183369033965799, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=省级项目平台, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

评估消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法治疗糖尿病会阴部脓肿的临床应用。

方法

选取明确诊断并接受诊治的糖尿病会阴部脓肿患者80例。采集资料,采用等比例分组结构形式,设置白和黑两色球随机摸球,总计两组。对照组40例采用抗生素疗法及局部坐浴;观察组40例采用消肿止痛汤熏洗坐浴联合粗火针烙法。持续干预2周为1个疗程。评价临床疗效、治疗前后炎症因子指标[C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、白细胞介素-6(Interleukin 6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(Tumor necrosis factorα,TNF-α)]、视觉模拟评分(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)、生活质量。

结果

对照组总有效率85.00%(34/40);观察组总有效率97.50%(39/40),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗2周观察组血清炎症因子指标(CRP、IL-6、TNF-α)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3 d、治疗1周、治疗2周观察组VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗2周观察组健康感觉、生活方式、情绪控制、日常生活能力、人际关系、社会活动优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法可以提高糖尿病会阴部脓肿的疗效,持续减轻疼痛,并且可以抑制炎症、提高生活质量。

, authors=周进1, 徐敏1, 李大勇1, 胡承晓2, 沈海山1, authorsList=周进, 徐敏, 李大勇, 胡承晓, 沈海山, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=沈海山, authorNote=

周进(1981-),男,天津人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗体表化脓性炎症及泌尿外科膀胱肿瘤。

, correspAuthorsNote=
沈海山(1975-),男,黑龙江大庆人,副主任医师,博士,研究方向:尿路上皮肿瘤及糖尿病合并泌尿外科感染性疾病。E-mail:。
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周进(1981-),男,天津人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗体表化脓性炎症及泌尿外科膀胱肿瘤。

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周进(1981-),男,天津人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗体表化脓性炎症及泌尿外科膀胱肿瘤。

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articleId=1322923786525352817, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=37, issue=4, pageStart=440,452, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=赵志恒, 穆超超, 张国庆, journalName=中国针灸, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵志恒,穆超超,张国庆. 贺氏粗火针割治结缔组织性外痔的应用及体会[J]. 中国针灸,2017,37(4):440,452., articleTitle=贺氏粗火针割治结缔组织性外痔的应用及体会, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322923803201905610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=18, pageStart=2296, pageEnd=2299, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=闫智涛, 刘艳石, journalName=国际检验医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=闫智涛,刘艳石. 血脂、血糖、炎症因子等主要生化指标与2型糖尿病及其并发症的关系[J]. 国际检验医学杂志,2018,39(18):2296-2299., articleTitle=血脂、血糖、炎症因子等主要生化指标与2型糖尿病及其并发症的关系, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322923803617141707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, 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组别例数性别/[例(%)]平均年龄/(岁)糖尿病病程/(年)发病时间/(d)空腹血糖/(mmol/L)
男女
对照组4025(62.50)15(37.50)65.37±4.1210.57±1.434.10±1.236.58±0.34
观察组4022(55.00)18(45.00)64.82±4.7110.81±1.503.89±1.076.61±0.37
χ2/t0.4640.5560.7320.8150.378
P值0.4960.5800.4660.4180.707
), ArticleFig(id=1322923795576660892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两组糖尿病会阴部脓肿患者资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数性别/[例(%)]平均年龄/(岁)糖尿病病程/(年)发病时间/(d)空腹血糖/(mmol/L)
男女
对照组4025(62.50)15(37.50)65.37±4.1210.57±1.434.10±1.236.58±0.34
观察组4022(55.00)18(45.00)64.82±4.7110.81±1.503.89±1.076.61±0.37
χ2/t0.4640.5560.7320.8150.378
P值0.4960.5800.4660.4180.707
), ArticleFig(id=1322923795656352669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数基本治愈显效有效无效总有效
对照组408(20.00)15(37.50)11(27.50)6(15.00)34(85.00)
观察组4012(30.00)18(45.00)9(22.50)1(2.50)39(97.50)
χ2值3.914
P值0.048
), ArticleFig(id=1322923795731850142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两组糖尿病会阴部脓肿患者临床疗效比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数基本治愈显效有效无效总有效
对照组408(20.00)15(37.50)11(27.50)6(15.00)34(85.00)
观察组4012(30.00)18(45.00)9(22.50)1(2.50)39(97.50)
χ2值3.914
P值0.048
), ArticleFig(id=1322923795819930527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数时间CRP/(mg/L)IL-6/(pg/mL)TNF-α/(ng/L)
对照组40治疗前20.63±5.25165.32±24.25186.32±31.02
治疗2周12.50±3.2091.03±18.20145.63±25.17
t/P8.363/0.00015.496/0.0006.442/0.000
观察组40治疗前21.17±5.89166.07±25.81185.24±32.69
治疗2周9.06±2.41#74.22±14.69#127.81±24.43#
t/P12.035/0.00019.561/0.0008.900/0.000
), ArticleFig(id=1322923795916399520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

两组糖尿病会阴部脓肿患者治疗前后炎症因子比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数时间CRP/(mg/L)IL-6/(pg/mL)TNF-α/(ng/L)
对照组40治疗前20.63±5.25165.32±24.25186.32±31.02
治疗2周12.50±3.2091.03±18.20145.63±25.17
t/P8.363/0.00015.496/0.0006.442/0.000
观察组40治疗前21.17±5.89166.07±25.81185.24±32.69
治疗2周9.06±2.41#74.22±14.69#127.81±24.43#
t/P12.035/0.00019.561/0.0008.900/0.000
), ArticleFig(id=1322923796042228641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数治疗前治疗3 d治疗1周治疗2周
对照组404.85±1.123.12±0.67#1.85±0.46#1.01±0.26#
观察组404.91±1.032.61±0.62#1.02±0.25#0.67±0.15#
t值0.2493.53310.0277.164
P值0.8040.0010.0000.000
), ArticleFig(id=1322923796109337506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

两组糖尿病会阴部脓肿患者不同时间疼痛程度比较

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组别例数治疗前治疗3 d治疗1周治疗2周
对照组404.85±1.123.12±0.67#1.85±0.46#1.01±0.26#
观察组404.91±1.032.61±0.62#1.02±0.25#0.67±0.15#
t值0.2493.53310.0277.164
P值0.8040.0010.0000.000
), ArticleFig(id=1322923796176446371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数时间健康感觉生活方式情绪控制日常生活能力人际关系社会活动
对照组40治疗前65.42±7.1269.33±7.5868.12±8.0371.20±6.8565.53±7.4560.81±6.53
治疗2周80.51±9.3783.64±8.6784.22±9.2283.33±8.5781.02±8.2281.71±7.89
t/P8.110/0.0007.859/0.0008.328/0.0006.993/0.0008.831/0.00012.906/0.000
观察组40治疗前66.20±7.5970.10±7.2367.59±8.1570.69±7.0765.81±7.5660.40±6.44
治疗2周88.10±9.82#90.12±9.35#91.76±9.47#90.72±9.04#88.43±8.71#88.29±8.25#
t/P11.160/0.00010.713/0.00012.235/0.00011.038/0.00012.404/0.00016.854/0.000
), ArticleFig(id=1322923796268721060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923786525352817, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

两组糖尿病会阴部脓肿患者治疗前后生活质量比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数时间健康感觉生活方式情绪控制日常生活能力人际关系社会活动
对照组40治疗前65.42±7.1269.33±7.5868.12±8.0371.20±6.8565.53±7.4560.81±6.53
治疗2周80.51±9.3783.64±8.6784.22±9.2283.33±8.5781.02±8.2281.71±7.89
t/P8.110/0.0007.859/0.0008.328/0.0006.993/0.0008.831/0.00012.906/0.000
观察组40治疗前66.20±7.5970.10±7.2367.59±8.1570.69±7.0765.81±7.5660.40±6.44
治疗2周88.10±9.82#90.12±9.35#91.76±9.47#90.72±9.04#88.43±8.71#88.29±8.25#
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消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法治疗糖尿病会阴部脓肿的临床应用研究
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周进 1 , 徐敏 1 , 李大勇 1 , 胡承晓 2 , 沈海山 1
中华中医药学刊 | 省级项目平台 2025,43(5): 234-238
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中华中医药学刊 |省级项目平台 2025 , 43 (5) : 234 -238
消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法治疗糖尿病会阴部脓肿的临床应用研究
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周进(1981-),男,天津人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗体表化脓性炎症及泌尿外科膀胱肿瘤。

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周进(1981-),男,天津人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗体表化脓性炎症及泌尿外科膀胱肿瘤。

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周进1, 徐敏1, 李大勇1, 胡承晓2, 沈海山1
作者信息
  • 1.天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院,天津市内分泌研究所,国家卫生健康委激素与发育重点实验室,天津市代谢性疾病重点实验室,天津 300134
  • 2.天津中医药大学第一附属医院,天津 300193
通讯作者:
沈海山(1975-),男,黑龙江大庆人,副主任医师,博士,研究方向:尿路上皮肿瘤及糖尿病合并泌尿外科感染性疾病。E-mail:。
作者简介:

周进(1981-),男,天津人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合治疗体表化脓性炎症及泌尿外科膀胱肿瘤。

Clinical Application of Xiaozhong Zhitong Decoction(消肿止痛汤)Combined with Crude Fire Needle Cauterization in Treatment of Perineal Abscess in Diabetes
Jin ZHOU1, Min XU1, Dayong LI1, Chengxiao HU2, Haishan SHEN1
Affiliations
  • 1.NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development,Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300134,China
  • 2.First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Tianjin 300193,China
出版时间: 2025-05-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.05.044
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目的

评估消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法治疗糖尿病会阴部脓肿的临床应用。

方法

选取明确诊断并接受诊治的糖尿病会阴部脓肿患者80例。采集资料,采用等比例分组结构形式,设置白和黑两色球随机摸球,总计两组。对照组40例采用抗生素疗法及局部坐浴;观察组40例采用消肿止痛汤熏洗坐浴联合粗火针烙法。持续干预2周为1个疗程。评价临床疗效、治疗前后炎症因子指标[C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、白细胞介素-6(Interleukin 6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(Tumor necrosis factorα,TNF-α)]、视觉模拟评分(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)、生活质量。

结果

对照组总有效率85.00%(34/40);观察组总有效率97.50%(39/40),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗2周观察组血清炎症因子指标(CRP、IL-6、TNF-α)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3 d、治疗1周、治疗2周观察组VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗2周观察组健康感觉、生活方式、情绪控制、日常生活能力、人际关系、社会活动优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法可以提高糖尿病会阴部脓肿的疗效,持续减轻疼痛,并且可以抑制炎症、提高生活质量。

消肿止痛汤  /  粗火针烙法  /  糖尿病会阴部脓肿  /  炎症反应
Objective

To evaluate the clinical application of Xiaozhong Zhitong Decoction(消肿止痛汤)combined with crude fire needle cauterization in the treatment of perineal abscess in diabetes.

Methods

Eighty patients with perineal abscess of diabetes who were definitely diagnosed and systematically treated in the hospital were selected,all of whom met the criteria for inclusion. The data of the patients was collected,with an equal proportion grouping structure,to randomly touch the white and black balls to determine the grouping,a total of two groups. The control group(40 cases)received systemic antibiotics and local sitz baths. The observation group(40 cases)was treated with Xiaozhong Zhitong Decoction fumigation and sitz bath combined with coarse fire needle cauterization. All patients received continuous intervention for 2 weeks as a course of treatment. After all treatment courses were completed to evaluate the clinical efficacy. The inflammatory factor indicators before and after treatment,including C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),visual analog scale(VAS)and quality of life were compared.

Result

The total effective population in the control group accounted for 85.00%(34/40)and that in the observation group accounted for 97.50%(39/40),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Serum inflammatory factor indicators(CRP,IL-6,TNF-α)in the observation group after 2 weeks of treatment were lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The VASscore of the observation group was lower than that of the control group after 3 days of treatment,1 and 2 weeks of treatment,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05). After 2 weeks of treatment,the observation group showed better health perception,lifestyle,emotional control,daily living ability,interpersonal relationships and social activities than the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).

Conclusion

Xiaozhong Zhitong Decoction combined with coarse fire needle cauterization can improve the efficacy of perineal abscess in diabetes,continuously relieve pain,inhibit inflammation and improve quality of life.

Xiaozhong Zhitong Decoction(消肿止痛汤)  /  coarse fire needle cauterization method  /  perineal abscess in diabetes  /  inflammatory response
周进, 徐敏, 李大勇, 胡承晓, 沈海山. 消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法治疗糖尿病会阴部脓肿的临床应用研究. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (5) : 234 -238 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.05.044
Jin ZHOU, Min XU, Dayong LI, Chengxiao HU, Haishan SHEN. Clinical Application of Xiaozhong Zhitong Decoction(消肿止痛汤)Combined with Crude Fire Needle Cauterization in Treatment of Perineal Abscess in Diabetes[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (5) : 234 -238 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.05.044
糖尿病以高血糖代谢为特征,慢性进展,迁延难愈。若长期控制不佳,糖脂代谢紊乱、胰岛素抵抗以及炎症、氧化应激等一些病理机制,逐渐累及靶器官,进而引发并发症,造成严重损害[1]。脓肿是糖尿病常见的并发症,以会阴部、肛周多见,与糖尿病周围神经病变、血管损伤有关[2]。本病发病急骤,会阴部出现疼痛、肿胀,伴恶寒发热、全身倦怠等,极大程度降低生活质量。对于本病,临床上缺少有效的治疗方式,除手术治疗外,医学界建议采用抗生素、熏洗、物理疗法等,促进脓肿的早期恢复[3]。然而西医治疗的效果有限,长期应用对肝肾代谢造成损伤。亟待寻找一种更加安全有效的治疗方案,早期缓解症状[4]。近年来中医在脓肿疾病的治疗方面体现出独特优势。消渴证型以气阴两虚、阴虚火旺最为多见,兼有瘀血阻络,日久变生他证[5]。采用中医辨证和整体的指导思想,分析消渴及其并发症的病因病机,发挥中医多方位的治疗作用[6]。消肿止痛汤、粗火针烙法均为常用的治疗方式,为进一步丰富方案,本次评估消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法的临床应用,报道如下。
选取2021年11月—2022年12月明确诊断并接受系统诊治的糖尿病会阴部脓肿患者80例,无排除病例,符合入组标准。采集资料,其中男47例,女33例;年龄57~73岁;糖尿病病程7~15年;发病时间1~7 d;空腹血糖6.04~7.10 mmol/L。采用等比例分组结构形式,设置白和黑两色球随机摸球,总计分为两组(对照组和观察组)。对两组基本资料进行统计处理,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。见表1。
①西医诊断:2型糖尿病史,经糖耐量试验证实,初期会阴部出现肿胀、疼痛及灼热感,形成脓肿后疼痛剧烈,触及局部波动感,同时可伴发热,体温在37.5~39.0℃,排除其他诱因;②中医诊断:参照《实用中医外科学》[7]和《中医病证诊断疗效标准》[8]中“痈肿”病证,初起患处皮肉之间突然肿胀,光软无头,迅速结块,表皮焮红,局部肿势高突,疼痛加剧,痛如鸡啄,按之有波动感,轻者无症状;重者伴恶寒发热,舌苔黄腻,脉弦滑或洪数。
①符合上述中西医的诊断标准,>18岁;②与本人充分沟通本次治疗方案,尊重个人隐私权和知情权,签订《临床研究知情同意书》;③患者有能力配合本次研究事项;④通过医学伦理委员会的审查,批准通过。
①由于自身免疫性疾病、白血病、结核病等疾病,或手术、外伤性因素引发会阴部脓肿;②既往有尿道手术或会阴部手术;③有全身性感染疾病、皮肤性疾病以及恶性肿瘤、营养不良、严重电解质紊乱;④存在中药及中药成分过敏、禁忌,或针刺禁忌;⑤精神障碍、阿尔茨海默病等无法配合。
参照“2型糖尿病”的诊治原则,每日监测血糖情况,及时调整降糖方案;予以支持疗法,包括补充蛋白、纠正电解质紊乱。查看患者创面,及时换药,注意做好局部清洁卫生,避免抓挠、摩擦。
采用抗生素疗法及局部坐浴。予以盐酸克林霉素胶囊(四川美大康药业,国药准字H51020193)0.15 g/次口服,4次/d,若有脓液破溃渗出,根据脓液的细菌培养及药敏结果,选择敏感性抗生素;高锰酸钾片坐浴,加水稀释,调节水温38~41℃,坐浴20 min。持续干预2周为1个疗程。
采用消肿止痛汤熏洗坐浴联合粗火针烙法。①消肿止痛汤组方:黄柏10 g,秦艽10 g,桃仁10 g,芒硝30 g,大黄15 g,当归15 g,白头翁30 g,甘草10 g。取上述剂量的中药配伍,1剂/次,使用天津中医药大学第一附属医院自动煎药机统一煎煮,煎取1000 mL药液,放凉至40~50℃,首先局部熏蒸20 min,其后坐浴10 min(保持温度35℃),1次/d,每次治疗结束后,做好局部皮肤的清洁消毒工作。②粗火针烙法:患者取仰卧位,观察脓肿肿胀处最明显或最薄的区域,定位,使用10 mL一次性注射器抽取利多卡因2 mL,刺入局部浸润麻醉,同时抽吸出脓液,明确脓腔所在的位置及深度、进针角度。使用粗火针治疗仪,加热针体见局部发红,迅速刺入脓腔,取出后可见脓液流出,若未见脓液,可反复加热并穿刺,直至脓液流出,配合使用止血钳扩大引流口,充分排出脓液。创面外敷地榆油纱条(地榆和香油),使用无菌纱布包裹,术后定时换药。持续干预2周为1个疗程。
评价临床疗效。采用自制的《临床症状和体征调查问卷》,记录脓肿疼痛、肿胀及渗液、发热等变化,记录创面愈合情况。如下,①基本治愈:脓肿疼痛、肿胀及渗液基本消失,体温正常,创面基本愈合;②显效:脓肿疼痛、肿胀及渗液有明显改善,体温基本正常或轻微升高,创面愈合面积>75%;③有效:脓肿疼痛、肿胀及渗液有好转,体温下降,介于显效与无效之间,75%≥创面愈合面积>50%;④无效:脓肿疼痛、肿胀及渗液未太大好转,体温仍高,创面愈合面积≤50%。统计基本治愈、显效、有效人数占比,计为总有效。
治疗前及治疗2周评价炎症因子指标。保证无菌操作原则,抽取静脉血样本2 mL,使用真空采血管盛放,送入检验科室,经离心、分离及析出后,取出上层血清。应用酶联免疫法测定血C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、白细胞介素-6(Interleukin 6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(Tumor necrosis factorα,TNF-α)的数值,试剂由我院检验科室提供。
治疗前以及治疗3 d、治疗1周、治疗2周等时间评估疼痛程度。采用视觉模拟评分(Visual analogue scale,VAS),采用0~10分,0分提示无痛,10分提示剧痛。
治疗前以及治疗2周评价生活质量。采用健康调查量表(SF-36),包括健康感觉、生活方式、情绪控制、日常生活能力、人际关系、社会活动等6个方面,每个方面计100分,分数高表明生活质量越好。
应用SPSS 20.0软件来处理。计量资料采用方差分析(LSD-t检验)或t检验;计数资料使用卡方检验。P<0.05差异有统计学意义。
对照组总有效占比为85.00%;观察组总有效占比为97.50%。对照组的总有效率低于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表2。
与治疗前比,治疗2周血清炎症因子指标(CRP、IL-6、TNF-α)呈下降(P<0.05);并且治疗2周观察组血清炎症因子指标(CRP、IL-6、TNF-α)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表3。
表4显示。与治疗前比,治疗3 d、治疗1周、治疗2周VAS评分呈下降(P<0.05);并且治疗3 d、治疗1周、治疗2周观察组VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
表5显示。与治疗前比,治疗2周健康感觉、生活方式、情绪控制、日常生活能力、人际关系、社会活动改善(P<0.05);并且治疗2周观察组健康感觉、生活方式、情绪控制、日常生活能力、人际关系、社会活动优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
致病菌感染是引发脓肿的主要因素之一,肛瘘、肛裂等肛周疾病或手术均可引发会阴部脓肿,另外还有一些疾病如糖尿病,蛋白合成减弱,长期营养不良、抗感染能力低下,并且感染不易控制而发生会阴部脓肿。有研究发现,糖尿病是引发脓肿或感染的主要因素,需要引起足够关注[9],尤其一部分糖尿病患者病程长、高龄以及合并多种基础病,若不调控血糖,患者极易并发会阴部脓肿[10]。目前我国糖尿病的发病率不断上升,糖尿病引起的会阴部脓肿感染者也不断增多,会阴部脓肿与糖尿病形成恶性循环,会阴部脓肿一定程度使血糖应激性升高,愈合速度减缓,而糖尿病会诱发感染加重,增加了脓肿几率[11]。医学界往往关注糖尿病神经病变或血管并发症,而忽略了会阴部脓肿对于机体损害[12]。目前手术是会阴部脓肿最有效的方式,若有效把握早期脓肿(炎症期)的治疗时机,许多患者可免除手术之苦[13]。
中医是现代医学模式的一个重要部分,尤其擅长调理脏腑气血、阴阳偏颇[14]。会阴部脓肿与“痈肿”病证名的记载类似,现代中医认为本病系由气血邪毒所困而壅塞不通,引起局部肿胀[15-16]。古籍中描述了痈肿的表现,《素问·生气通天论篇》曰:“营气不从,逆于肉理,乃生痈肿”;《灵枢·痈疽》曰:“寒邪客于经络之中则血泣,血泣则不通,不通则卫气归之不得复反,故痈肿”。消渴患者素来体虚劳倦、病程漫长,在疾病病机转化中,久病必虚,气阴耗损是发病之本,或喜食肥甘厚味,或外感六淫之邪,或邪毒内生,留置于患处肌肤,若营卫不和、气血凝滞,化火成毒,则发为红肿;若气血壅滞、不通则痛,则发为肿痛[17]。《灵枢·痈疽》曰:“发于尻,名曰锐疽。其状赤坚大,急治之,不治,三十日死矣。”表明本病有发病及转归迅速的特点。根据本病的病因病机,现代中医多从调理气血入手,治以清热解毒、消肿止痛[18-19]。
对于脓肿的中医特色疗法有很多,中药熏洗是最常用的外治法之一,采用清热解毒、消肿止痛的中药,直接熏洗患处,作用快捷,具有操作简便、易掌握及安全性高的特点[20]。本次采用消肿止痛方中,黄柏与大黄皆为性味苦寒之品,黄柏专能退火解热、燥湿,以除下焦之湿热为佳[21],《本草正》言:“黄檗,性寒润降,去火最速”。汤灵娇等[22]采用单味黄柏液治疗肛周脓肿,对于术后创面愈合起到促进作用。也有动物实验发现,复方黄柏液可以促进大鼠血管生成,加速皮肤伤口组织修复[23]。大黄主清热解毒、泻下、逐瘀通经,《肘后方》言“痈肿热作痛:大黄末,醋调涂之。燥即易,不过数易即退,甚验神方也”。有一些研究认为,大黄内有效成分具有抗炎、抗菌作用[24]。芒硝性味咸苦寒,主软坚、清热,常配合大黄相须为用。《经》云:“热淫于内,治以咸寒,佐以苦。故用芒硝大黄,相须为使也。”沈建良等[25]采用大黄-芒硝配伍外敷,对大鼠阑尾周围脓肿炎症及肿胀有改善作用。秦艽性味苦辛平,清热除湿,《本经》言其“主寒热邪气,寒湿风痹”,有较多的研究证实秦艽具有抗炎及抗菌效果[26-27],同时对血糖有一定调节作用。白头翁性味苦寒,主清热解毒、凉血,《药性论》曰“止腹痛及赤毒痢,治齿痛,主项下瘤疬”。高颖等[28]认为白头翁对肠炎小鼠的抗炎和抗凋亡作用。甘草性味甘平,和中缓急、清热解毒,《本经》记载:“主五脏六府寒热邪气,坚筋骨,长肌肉,倍力,金疮肿,解毒。”有研究表明甘草对小鼠非特异性免疫、体液免疫及细胞免疫功能均有促进作用[29]。当归、桃仁活血化瘀止痛,使全方行而不滞。合而用之,共奏清热解毒、消肿散结、活血止痛之效。
火针疗法是中医传统九针之一,古称“燔针”,《灵枢·官针》中指出“焠刺者,刺蟠针则取痹也”,遵循“给邪以出路”的中医理论,通过烧红的针迅速进入一定深度并出针,引邪外出,使邪有出路[30]。粗火针烙法是在传统火针的基础上延伸而来的一类新型针法,采用更粗的针体、更智能的电控制,在保证治疗效率前提下,更加符合人体的生理规律[31]。近年来,粗火针烙法在脓肿性疾病中应用广泛,凭借烧烙的作用穿透体表脓腔,开口排脓,祛邪引热能迅速消除病灶,促进创面的愈合[32]。有研究证实[33],粗火针烙法可显著改善甲皱微循环,从而发挥抗炎及调节神经功能、调节免疫等作用。
本次采用消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法,充分发挥多种中医外治法的综合治疗作用,同时避免了传统中药汤剂对于胃肠道的刺激。结果显示:观察组患者的疗效、生活质量及疼痛改善程度,均优于对照组。炎症是脓肿性疾病中常见的一类病理反应,糖尿病本质上属于一类慢性炎症性疾病,当外界致病菌侵入或感染时,可诱发急性炎症[34-35]。另外在病原菌侵袭下局部组织发生坏死以及大量的中性粒细胞浸润,随后发生化脓,并形成脓腔。CRP、IL-6、TNF-α为常用的炎症性指标,与炎症反应程度有关,一旦出现感染,此类炎症性指标迅速上升,呈高表达状态。本次显示:治疗后两组患者血清炎症因子(CRP、IL-6、TNF-α)明显下降,但观察组的改善程度更明显,可见采用两种疗法联合应用可以进一步减轻炎症,促进早期恢复。
综上。消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法可以提高糖尿病会阴部脓肿的疗效,持续减轻疼痛,并且可以抑制炎症、提高生活质量。由于本次研究有限,关于消肿止痛汤联合粗火针烙法的作用机制及安全性,仍需要进一步分析。
  • 天津市卫生健康委项目(2021175; 2021208)
  • 天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目(TJYXZDXK-032A)
  • 天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院科研基金项目(2019ZDKF11)
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2025年第43卷第5期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.05.044
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-05-10
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天津市卫生健康委项目(2021175; 2021208)
天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目(TJYXZDXK-032A)
天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院科研基金项目(2019ZDKF11)
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    1.天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院,天津市内分泌研究所,国家卫生健康委激素与发育重点实验室,天津市代谢性疾病重点实验室,天津 300134
    2.天津中医药大学第一附属医院,天津 300193

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沈海山(1975-),男,黑龙江大庆人,副主任医师,博士,研究方向:尿路上皮肿瘤及糖尿病合并泌尿外科感染性疾病。E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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属数
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genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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