Article(id=1322923442030387675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923268038078806, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.04.031, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339127309, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1744214400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339127309, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339127309, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339127309, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322923268038078806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1744214400000', pubDateStr='2025-04-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339085826, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340586453, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929562572686061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923268038078806, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929562572686062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923268038078806, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=193, endPage=196, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322923442265268700, articleId=1322923442030387675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Dosage and Clinical Experience of Mahuang Decoction（麻黄汤）, columnId=1256183365644968140, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Platform of Provincial Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Mahuang Decoction（麻黄汤）was first seen in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases. The prescription is composed of Mahuang（Ephedrae Herba），Guizhi（Cinnamomi Ramulus），Xingren（Armeniacae Semen Amarum）and Gancao（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）. It is mainly used to treat exogenous wind cold. The typical prescription syndrome is aversion to cold without sweat，headache and body pain，and floating and tense pulse. Mahuang（Ephedrae Herba）needs to remove root nodes without removing stem nodes. Guizhi（Cinnamomi Ramulus）and Rougui（Cinnamomi Cortex）can be used alone or in combination. Xingren（Armeniacae Semen Amarum）is crushed when used and the medicinal power is easy to boil. Gancao（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）in Treatise on Febrile Diseases may be the raw Gancao（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）in modern Chinese medicine. The dose conversion of the original formula of Mahuang Decoction should be one Liang is about 15.6 g. However，large amounts of Mahuang（Ephedrae Herba）can easily cause adverse reactions such as palpitations，sweating and insomnia. If one Liang is converted to 5 g，the dosage of Mahuang Decoction is Mahuang（Ephedrae Herba）15g，Guizhi（Cinnamomi Ramulus）10 g，Xingren（Armeniacae Semen Amarum）7.5 g and Gancao（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）5 g，which can also cause sweating and relieve the exterior. Mahuang Decoction can be modified to treat cold and wind，and can be used by adults，children，women and the elderly. The key to the safe and effective use of Mahuang Decoction is to have a clear understanding of the relationship between medication and prescription as well as the relationship between dosage and efficacy.

, authors=Yongming HE, Zhipeng LI, Nan XU, Yun CHENG, Min ZHOU, authorsList=Yongming HE, Zhipeng LI, Nan XU, Yun CHENG, Min ZHOU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322923442735030749, articleId=1322923442030387675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=麻黄汤的方药用量和临证体会, columnId=1256183369033965799, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=省级项目平台, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

麻黄汤首见于《伤寒杂病论》，方药由麻黄、桂枝、杏仁、甘草组成，主治外感风寒表实证，典型方证为：恶寒无汗、头疼身痛、脉浮紧。麻黄去根节，无需去茎节。桂枝、肉桂可单用也可合用。光杏仁用时捣碎，药力易煮出。《伤寒论》中炙甘草可能是现代中药饮片生甘草。麻黄汤原方的剂量折算当是：一两约为15.6 g。然而，麻黄量大易致心慌、大汗、失眠等不良反应。若一两按5 g折算，则剂量为：麻黄15 g，桂枝10 g，杏仁7.5 g，甘草5 g，亦可发汗解表。麻黄汤治疗风寒感冒，可加减化裁，大人、小儿、妇女、老人皆可用。药证相对、方证相应，掌握麻黄汤方证和量效关系，是安全有效使用麻黄汤的关键。

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何永明（1975-），男，甘肃永靖人，主任中医师，博士，研究方向：中西医结合肿瘤防治和中医经方研究。

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何永明（1975-），男，甘肃永靖人，主任中医师，博士，研究方向：中西医结合肿瘤防治和中医经方研究。

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药物出处	麻黄		桂枝		杏仁		甘草
	用量范围	常用量	用量范围	常用量	用量范围	常用量	用量范围	常用量
《中华人民共和国药典》（2020版）	2~10 g	-	3~10 g（肉桂：1~5 g）	-	5~10 g	-	2~10 g	-
中医药类规划教材《方剂学》	-	三两（9 g）	-	二两（6 g）	-	七十个（6 g）	-	一两（3 g）
《国家级名中医临证经验实录》	1~30 g	5~9 g	1~50 g	3~30 g	9~15 g	9~15 g	1~80 g	3~30 g
《经方家曹颖甫医案》	一钱至五钱	三钱	一钱至五钱	三钱	三钱至五钱	三钱	八分至三钱	二钱
《黄煌经方使用手册》	-	15 g	-	10 g	-	15 g	-	5 g

), ArticleFig(id=1322923444832182785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923442030387675, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

麻黄汤方药的近现代临证用量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

药物出处	麻黄		桂枝		杏仁		甘草
	用量范围	常用量	用量范围	常用量	用量范围	常用量	用量范围	常用量
《中华人民共和国药典》（2020版）	2~10 g	-	3~10 g（肉桂：1~5 g）	-	5~10 g	-	2~10 g	-
中医药类规划教材《方剂学》	-	三两（9 g）	-	二两（6 g）	-	七十个（6 g）	-	一两（3 g）
《国家级名中医临证经验实录》	1~30 g	5~9 g	1~50 g	3~30 g	9~15 g	9~15 g	1~80 g	3~30 g
《经方家曹颖甫医案》	一钱至五钱	三钱	一钱至五钱	三钱	三钱至五钱	三钱	八分至三钱	二钱
《黄煌经方使用手册》	-	15 g	-	10 g	-	15 g	-	5 g

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项目		内容
方证	治疗人群	医者自己、家人、亲戚、朋友、普通患者（包括：成人、小儿、老人）
	时间地区	2002—2022年，秋冬季、初春、夏季受凉时；江苏南京、甘肃临夏等地
	感冒证候	喷嚏、鼻塞、清涕、发热、恶寒、无汗、头疼、身痛、乏力、脉浮紧等
煮法	煮法1	煮药砂锅，敞口无盖，加水1500 mL，沸后小火再煮40 min，得汤液约600 mL 注2：此法药香挥发太过，笔者一般不用
	煮法2	煮药砂锅，盖有气孔，加水1500 mL，沸后小火再煮40 min，得汤液约1200 mL 注3：此法药力保持较足，笔者常用
服法		饭后温服汤药1碗（体壮者300 mL，体弱者200 mL，小儿100 mL），3次/d 恶寒发热、头疼身痛、喷嚏清涕等症状较重时，可加服1~2次 注4：晚饭后温服汤药，盖被睡觉，全身微汗，不必大汗，发汗1次即可
方药显效大小	小剂量	生麻黄5 g，桂枝10 g，光杏仁10 g，生甘草5 g 喝汤药后，身体有温热感觉，无明显汗出，症状缓解不明显
	中剂量	生麻黄10 g，桂枝10 g，光杏仁10 g，生甘草5 g 喝汤药后，有人出汗，有人不出汗，症状有所缓解
	大剂量1	生麻黄15 g，桂枝10 g，光杏仁10 g，生甘草5 g 喝汤药后，多数人全身微汗出，症状缓解明显
	大剂量2	生麻黄15 g，肉桂10 g，光杏仁10 g，生甘草5 g 医者口尝身受1：晚饭后温服汤药300 mL，盖被睡觉。自感微微心慌，夜间头额胸背汗出。次日清晨身困缓解、喷嚏减少，有清涕。午饭和晚饭后温服汤药300 mL，汗出较少。第3天有少量黄涕，未再服药感冒痊愈
	大剂量3	生麻黄30 g，肉桂20 g，光杏仁20 g，生甘草10 g 医者口尝身受2：晚饭后温服汤药300 mL，盖被睡觉。自感心慌，夜间头额胸背四肢汗出。次日喷嚏减少，微感乏力、口干、清涕。午饭和晚饭后温服汤药300 mL，自感心慌。后未再服药，共3~5天感冒痊愈。感冒病程未见明显缩短
	大剂量4	生麻黄45 g，肉桂30 g，光杏仁30 g，生甘草15 g 医者口尝身受3：晚饭后温服汤药300 mL，盖被睡觉。从头顶开始微微发麻，延及四肢全身，如春天万物复苏的感觉。心跳明显渐至如擂鼓，头面胸腹腰背手足全身汗出如洗，被褥湿透，整夜无眠。次日口干、乏力、自感心跳。午饭后温服汤药300 mL，盖被睡觉，依然心跳汗出。后未再服药，共3~5 d感冒痊愈。感冒病程未见明显缩短

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麻黄汤的方证、煮法、服法和量效反应

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项目		内容
方证	治疗人群	医者自己、家人、亲戚、朋友、普通患者（包括：成人、小儿、老人）
	时间地区	2002—2022年，秋冬季、初春、夏季受凉时；江苏南京、甘肃临夏等地
	感冒证候	喷嚏、鼻塞、清涕、发热、恶寒、无汗、头疼、身痛、乏力、脉浮紧等
煮法	煮法1	煮药砂锅，敞口无盖，加水1500 mL，沸后小火再煮40 min，得汤液约600 mL 注2：此法药香挥发太过，笔者一般不用
	煮法2	煮药砂锅，盖有气孔，加水1500 mL，沸后小火再煮40 min，得汤液约1200 mL 注3：此法药力保持较足，笔者常用
服法		饭后温服汤药1碗（体壮者300 mL，体弱者200 mL，小儿100 mL），3次/d 恶寒发热、头疼身痛、喷嚏清涕等症状较重时，可加服1~2次 注4：晚饭后温服汤药，盖被睡觉，全身微汗，不必大汗，发汗1次即可
方药显效大小	小剂量	生麻黄5 g，桂枝10 g，光杏仁10 g，生甘草5 g 喝汤药后，身体有温热感觉，无明显汗出，症状缓解不明显
	中剂量	生麻黄10 g，桂枝10 g，光杏仁10 g，生甘草5 g 喝汤药后，有人出汗，有人不出汗，症状有所缓解
	大剂量1	生麻黄15 g，桂枝10 g，光杏仁10 g，生甘草5 g 喝汤药后，多数人全身微汗出，症状缓解明显
	大剂量2	生麻黄15 g，肉桂10 g，光杏仁10 g，生甘草5 g 医者口尝身受1：晚饭后温服汤药300 mL，盖被睡觉。自感微微心慌，夜间头额胸背汗出。次日清晨身困缓解、喷嚏减少，有清涕。午饭和晚饭后温服汤药300 mL，汗出较少。第3天有少量黄涕，未再服药感冒痊愈
	大剂量3	生麻黄30 g，肉桂20 g，光杏仁20 g，生甘草10 g 医者口尝身受2：晚饭后温服汤药300 mL，盖被睡觉。自感心慌，夜间头额胸背四肢汗出。次日喷嚏减少，微感乏力、口干、清涕。午饭和晚饭后温服汤药300 mL，自感心慌。后未再服药，共3~5天感冒痊愈。感冒病程未见明显缩短
	大剂量4	生麻黄45 g，肉桂30 g，光杏仁30 g，生甘草15 g 医者口尝身受3：晚饭后温服汤药300 mL，盖被睡觉。从头顶开始微微发麻，延及四肢全身，如春天万物复苏的感觉。心跳明显渐至如擂鼓，头面胸腹腰背手足全身汗出如洗，被褥湿透，整夜无眠。次日口干、乏力、自感心跳。午饭后温服汤药300 mL，盖被睡觉，依然心跳汗出。后未再服药，共3~5 d感冒痊愈。感冒病程未见明显缩短

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