Article(id=1322922779384885358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322922680609014711, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.02.031, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793338969322, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1739116800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793338969322, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793338969322, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793338969322, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322922680609014711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1739116800000', pubDateStr='2025-02-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793338945772, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340618065, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929694785536732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322922680609014711, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929694785536733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322922680609014711, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=141, endPage=145, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322922779582017647, articleId=1322922779384885358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Effects of Baicalin on Activities of Glycometabolism Rate-Limiting Enzymes and Expression of Pro-Apoptotic Proteins in Aged Mice, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

This study was aimed to investigate effects of baicalin on ovarian glycometabolism process in aged mice.

Methods

Female ICR mice at the age of 10 months old were selected as the aged model,and were divided into the aged control group and baicalin group. Meanwhile,the mice aged 7 weeks old were set as the young control. The aged mice were orally administrated with 25 mg/kg baicalin,once a day for continuous 30 days. The other groups were orally administrated with the same dose of physiological saline solution. After the end of the experiments,peripheral blood,ovaries,liver,kidney and spleen of mice of each group were collected for assays of enzyme activities of glycometabolism key rate-limiting enzymes and expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins as well as phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/AKT/mTOR)pathway.

Results

The results showed that compared with those of the aged control,the general clinical manifestations of the aged mice with baicalin treatment were normal,the levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)diseased(P<0.05),the level of serum estradiol(E2)increased(P<0.05),the activity of glycometabolism key rate-limiting enzymes enhanced(P<0.001),the expressions of pro-apoptosis protein including BCL2 associated X protein(BAX)and cysteine aspartate-specific protease-3(Caspase-3)were inhibited and the expressions of PI3K,AKT,mTOR and their phosphorylated forms were suppressed.

Conclusion

These data above indicated that baicalin can regulate activities of glycometabolism key ratelimiting enzymes and expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway,so as to improve ovarian aging.

, authors=Li HUANG, Duanheng WANG, Ailing ZHOU, Mingming QIAN, Chong ZHOU, authorsList=Li HUANG, Duanheng WANG, Ailing ZHOU, Mingming QIAN, Chong ZHOU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Chong ZHOU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322922782866157692, articleId=1322922779384885358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=黄芩苷对高龄小鼠卵巢糖代谢限速酶活性和凋亡蛋白表达的影响, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨中药活性成分黄芩苷对高龄小鼠卵巢糖酵解进程的影响作用。

方法

选择10月龄雌性ICR小鼠作为高龄小鼠模型,分为高龄对照组和黄芩苷给药组,同时7周龄小鼠设为正常对照组。黄芩苷给药组小鼠灌胃给予25 mg/kg黄芩苷,1次/d,连续30 d,其他各组小鼠给予同剂量的生理盐水。实验结束后,采集小鼠外周血、卵巢、肝、肾、脾等,检测血中性激素含量,分析卵巢组织中糖代谢关键限速酶活性和凋亡及磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B/雷帕霉素靶蛋白(phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin,PI3K/AKT/mTOR)信号通路相关蛋白表达水平。

结果

结果显示,与高龄对照小鼠相比,黄芩苷组高龄小鼠的一般临床表现正常,血中促卵泡激素明显下降(P<0.05)而雌二醇显著上升(P<0.05),糖代谢关键限速酶活性显著提高(P<0.01),凋亡蛋白如细胞凋亡调控因子(BCL2 Associated X Protein,BAX)和半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)表达抑制(P<0.05),PI3K、AKT、mTOR蛋白表达及其磷酸化水平显著下降(P<0.05)。

结论

以上结果表明黄芩苷可通过PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路,调控高龄小鼠卵巢组织中糖代谢关键限速酶活性和凋亡蛋白BAX和Caspase-3表达,进而缓解和改善卵巢的衰老。

, authors=黄莉, 王段珩, 周艾玲, 钱明明, 周崇, authorsList=黄莉, 王段珩, 周艾玲, 钱明明, 周崇, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=周崇, authorNote=

黄莉(1978-),女,广西南宁人,研究员,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药防治生殖障碍的基础。

, correspAuthorsNote=
周崇(1976-),男,吉林白城人,教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药防治不孕不育症的基础。E-mail:。
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黄莉(1978-),女,广西南宁人,研究员,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药防治生殖障碍的基础。

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黄莉(1978-),女,广西南宁人,研究员,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药防治生殖障碍的基础。

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J Obstet Gynaecol Res,2018,44(8):1431-1438., articleTitle=Mechanism of resveratrol in improving ovarian function in a rat model of premature ovarian insufficiency, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322922791774859469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=李琰珉, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李琰珉. 褪黑素调控PI3 K/AKT/mTOR自噬通路治疗早发性卵巢功能不全的机制研究[D]. 济南:山东大学,2020., articleTitle=褪黑素调控PI3 K/AKT/mTOR自噬通路治疗早发性卵巢功能不全的机制研究, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322922787756716203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, awardId=82060280, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(82060280), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322922787836407980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, awardId=2020GXNSFAA238022, language=CN, fundingSource=广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFAA238022), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322922787907711149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, awardId=2017BS011, language=CN, fundingSource=广西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(2017BS011), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322922787999985838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, awardId=2018ZD003, language=CN, fundingSource=广西中医药大学科研项目(2018ZD003), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322922788062900399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, awardId=YCSZ2022022, language=CN, fundingSource=广西中医药大学研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSZ2022022), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322922783101038717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322922783109427326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, companyId=1322922783101038717, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530200,Guangxi,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322922783117815935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, companyId=1322922783101038717, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=广西中医药大学,广西 南宁 530200)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322922785407905955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=2cyWIvW/OhyIrzTzdaAWTQ==, figureFileBig=VsmgsaVgTnkkoWGxpMITAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322922785487597732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, language=CN, label=图1, caption=黄芩苷对高龄小鼠血中性激素水平的影响

注:A.促卵泡激素 B.雌二醇。*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=2cyWIvW/OhyIrzTzdaAWTQ==, figureFileBig=VsmgsaVgTnkkoWGxpMITAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322922787257594021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=u5/zcXZARqSNxMVA0jOJ3A==, figureFileBig=lL3us3MrJvfBPAesoshHQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322922787354063014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, language=CN, label=图2, caption=黄芩苷对高龄小鼠卵巢组织中糖代谢相关限速酶活性的影响

注:A.丙酮酸激酶;B.己糖激酶;C.6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶。**P<0.01,***P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=u5/zcXZARqSNxMVA0jOJ3A==, figureFileBig=lL3us3MrJvfBPAesoshHQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322922787429560487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=UNfaDhCWhd8BJA4lL2KjrA==, figureFileBig=Of4mbNrmxz56CTlwNo0sjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322922787513446568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, language=CN, label=图3, caption=黄芩苷对高龄小鼠卵巢凋亡相关蛋白表达的影响

注:A凋亡相关蛋白印迹 B.蛋白相对表达量。*P<0.05,***P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=UNfaDhCWhd8BJA4lL2KjrA==, figureFileBig=Of4mbNrmxz56CTlwNo0sjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322922787593138345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=JJ4HGLj5dEPHZWfYocG5CA==, figureFileBig=rmI+5aB1gMRo1ojszSfVKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322922787664441514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922779384885358, language=CN, label=图4, caption=黄芩苷对高龄小鼠卵巢中PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路相关关键分子蛋白表达的影响

注:*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,****P<0.0001。

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黄芩苷对高龄小鼠卵巢糖代谢限速酶活性和凋亡蛋白表达的影响
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黄莉 , 王段珩 , 周艾玲 , 钱明明 , 周崇
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(2): 141-145
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中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2025 , 43 (2) : 141 -145
黄芩苷对高龄小鼠卵巢糖代谢限速酶活性和凋亡蛋白表达的影响
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黄莉(1978-),女,广西南宁人,研究员,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药防治生殖障碍的基础。

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黄莉(1978-),女,广西南宁人,研究员,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药防治生殖障碍的基础。

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黄莉, 王段珩, 周艾玲, 钱明明, 周崇
作者信息
  • 广西中医药大学,广西 南宁 530200
通讯作者:
周崇(1976-),男,吉林白城人,教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药防治不孕不育症的基础。E-mail:。
作者简介:

黄莉(1978-),女,广西南宁人,研究员,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药防治生殖障碍的基础。

Effects of Baicalin on Activities of Glycometabolism Rate-Limiting Enzymes and Expression of Pro-Apoptotic Proteins in Aged Mice
Li HUANG, Duanheng WANG, Ailing ZHOU, Mingming QIAN, Chong ZHOU
Affiliations
  • Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530200,Guangxi,China
出版时间: 2025-02-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.02.031
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目的

探讨中药活性成分黄芩苷对高龄小鼠卵巢糖酵解进程的影响作用。

方法

选择10月龄雌性ICR小鼠作为高龄小鼠模型,分为高龄对照组和黄芩苷给药组,同时7周龄小鼠设为正常对照组。黄芩苷给药组小鼠灌胃给予25 mg/kg黄芩苷,1次/d,连续30 d,其他各组小鼠给予同剂量的生理盐水。实验结束后,采集小鼠外周血、卵巢、肝、肾、脾等,检测血中性激素含量,分析卵巢组织中糖代谢关键限速酶活性和凋亡及磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B/雷帕霉素靶蛋白(phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin,PI3K/AKT/mTOR)信号通路相关蛋白表达水平。

结果

结果显示,与高龄对照小鼠相比,黄芩苷组高龄小鼠的一般临床表现正常,血中促卵泡激素明显下降(P<0.05)而雌二醇显著上升(P<0.05),糖代谢关键限速酶活性显著提高(P<0.01),凋亡蛋白如细胞凋亡调控因子(BCL2 Associated X Protein,BAX)和半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)表达抑制(P<0.05),PI3K、AKT、mTOR蛋白表达及其磷酸化水平显著下降(P<0.05)。

结论

以上结果表明黄芩苷可通过PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路,调控高龄小鼠卵巢组织中糖代谢关键限速酶活性和凋亡蛋白BAX和Caspase-3表达,进而缓解和改善卵巢的衰老。

黄芩苷  /  卵巢衰老  /  糖代谢限速酶  /  凋亡蛋白  /  PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路
Objective

This study was aimed to investigate effects of baicalin on ovarian glycometabolism process in aged mice.

Methods

Female ICR mice at the age of 10 months old were selected as the aged model,and were divided into the aged control group and baicalin group. Meanwhile,the mice aged 7 weeks old were set as the young control. The aged mice were orally administrated with 25 mg/kg baicalin,once a day for continuous 30 days. The other groups were orally administrated with the same dose of physiological saline solution. After the end of the experiments,peripheral blood,ovaries,liver,kidney and spleen of mice of each group were collected for assays of enzyme activities of glycometabolism key rate-limiting enzymes and expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins as well as phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/AKT/mTOR)pathway.

Results

The results showed that compared with those of the aged control,the general clinical manifestations of the aged mice with baicalin treatment were normal,the levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)diseased(P<0.05),the level of serum estradiol(E2)increased(P<0.05),the activity of glycometabolism key rate-limiting enzymes enhanced(P<0.001),the expressions of pro-apoptosis protein including BCL2 associated X protein(BAX)and cysteine aspartate-specific protease-3(Caspase-3)were inhibited and the expressions of PI3K,AKT,mTOR and their phosphorylated forms were suppressed.

Conclusion

These data above indicated that baicalin can regulate activities of glycometabolism key ratelimiting enzymes and expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway,so as to improve ovarian aging.

baicalin  /  ovarian aging  /  glycometabolism key rate-limiting enzymes  /  pro-apoptotic proteins  /  PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
黄莉, 王段珩, 周艾玲, 钱明明, 周崇. 黄芩苷对高龄小鼠卵巢糖代谢限速酶活性和凋亡蛋白表达的影响. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (2) : 141 -145 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.02.031
Li HUANG, Duanheng WANG, Ailing ZHOU, Mingming QIAN, Chong ZHOU. Effects of Baicalin on Activities of Glycometabolism Rate-Limiting Enzymes and Expression of Pro-Apoptotic Proteins in Aged Mice[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (2) : 141 -145 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.02.031
随着当前社会生育年龄普遍推迟,尤其国家“三孩”生育政策的开放,我国高龄女性生育问题日益凸显[1]。女性的生育能力随着年龄增长,逐渐下降,呈负相关关系,临床上出现妊娠率下降,流产率及胎儿异常率增加,乃至不孕不育,已成为新的社会公共卫生问题[2]。卵巢作为女性的性腺器官,对于维持女性正常生理周期和生育力至关重要。卵巢衰老也是导致现代女性生育能力下降的主要原因之一[3]。卵巢功能出现衰退后,会伴随卵泡细胞数量急剧下降、卵泡闭锁加速、卵母细胞质量下降、颗粒细胞凋亡等一系列问题,引起女性内分泌失调,最终导致生育力水平下降,并引发其他相关疾病[4-5]。因此,探寻女性生育能力下降的关键因素及其可能的分子机制,已成为生殖领域的研究热点。
葡萄糖是卵巢和体外培养卵泡的主要能量来源,是影响卵巢卵泡发育的关键因素之一,也参与了卵母细胞成熟以及早期胚胎发育的分子调控过程[6-9]。卵巢颗粒细胞通过糖酵解途径代谢葡萄糖,支持卵母细胞成熟[10-11]。糖酵解速率受到其关键限速酶的调控,糖酵解速率受限则影响卵泡发育,导致细胞衰老;糖酵解激活则促进细胞生长[12-14]。研究发现,磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B/雷帕霉素靶蛋白(phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin,PI3K/AKT/mTOR)信号通路相关因子参与卵巢颗粒细胞增殖和分化、卵泡生长及排卵等多个过程,也是胰岛素调节糖代谢传递方向的关键通路,可调控糖酵解进程,阻断糖异生,增加葡萄糖的利用[15-16]。但是,PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路对卵巢中糖代谢进程的调控作用尚未清楚。
近年来,中医药作为补充与替代医学的重要组成部分,在生殖医学领域发挥明显功效作用,受到越来越多的关注[17-18]。黄芩苷是中药黄芩的主要活性成分之一,在抗氧化、抗炎、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、调节女性生理周期等方面具有良好功效,在雌性不孕不育及保胎上有着广泛应用[19-20]。但是,黄芩苷对衰老卵巢的糖代谢进程影响尚不清楚。因此,本实验选择高龄小鼠卵巢作为研究对象,从葡萄糖代谢角度,旨在探讨中药活性成分黄芩苷对卵巢衰老的调节作用,为有效改善高龄女性卵巢功能衰退提供中医药临床用药思路,也对我国“三孩”政策的实施具有重要意义。
选10月龄和7周龄健康的雌性ICR小鼠作为试验动物,购自湖南斯莱克景达实验动物有限公司[许可证号:SCXK(湘)2019-0004],饲养于广西中医药大学实验动物中心小鼠饲养室[实验动物使用许可证号:SYXK(桂)2019-0001]。其中,10月龄小鼠作为高龄小鼠模型,7周龄小鼠作为正常对照组。本实验方案经广西中医药大学动物伦理委员会批准同意,动物伦理审批号:DW20220430-064。饲养温度保持22~24℃,实行12 h光照循环,自由采食饮水。
黄芩苷(纯度≥97%)购自美国Sigma公司;己糖激酶(Hexokinase,HK)活性检测试剂盒(货号:BC0745)、丙酮酸激酶(Pyruvate kinase,PK)活性检测试剂盒(货号:BC0545)和6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶(Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase,G6PDH)活性检测试剂盒(货号:BC0265)均购自索莱宝;小鼠雌二醇(Estradiol,E2)酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒(货号:E-OSEL-M0008)、小鼠促卵泡激素(Folliclestimulating hormone,FSH)酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒(货号:EEL-M0511c)购自武汉伊莱瑞特;RIPA裂解液(货号:PG12)、Bradford蛋白浓度测定试剂盒(货号:P0006C)购自碧云天;蛋白Marker、10%PAGE快速制备试剂盒(货号:PG12)、Omni-FlashTM免冰浴快速转膜缓冲液(货号:PS201S)、Tris/甘氨酸/SDS电泳缓冲液(货号:PS105S)购于上海雅酶;GAPDH Monoclonal antibody(货号:60004-1-Ig)、BAX Monoclonal antibody(货号:60267-1-Ig)、PI3 Kinase p110 Beta Polyclonal antibody(货号:20584-1-AP)、AKT Monoclonal antibody(货号:60203-2-Ig)、mTOR Monoclonal antibody(货号:66888-1-Ig)等抗体购自武汉三鹰;anti-cleaved Caspase-3(货号:#9664S)、Phospho-AKT(Ser473)(D9E)(货号:#4060)、Phospho-mTOR(Ser2448)(D9C2)(货号:#5536)、Phospho-PI3 Kinase p85(Tyr458)/p55(Tyr199)(货号:#4228)购自美国CST公司;Bio-Rad Western电泳电转仪;Bio-Rad Western凝胶成像系统;ThermoFisher全波长酶标仪。
将10月龄小鼠随机分为高龄对照组和黄芩苷组,每组各12只;7周龄小鼠作为正常对照组,12只。参考试剂黄芩苷的使用说明书,使用二甲基亚砜进行溶解后,先配制成5 mmol/L黄芩苷贮存液,分装并于-20℃低温保存待用。给药前,以生理盐水稀释黄芩苷,黄芩苷组小鼠每天以25 mg/kg,灌胃给与黄芩苷,连续30 d,对照组小鼠给与同样剂量的生理盐水。在整个给药过程中,每天观察并记录小鼠的临床表现,所有小鼠均存活至实验结束。给药结束后,收集各组小鼠外周血、卵巢,进行血中生殖激素、卵巢中糖代谢相关激酶及相关蛋白的检测,采集肝、肾、脾、腹部脂肪等,4%多聚甲醛固定,石蜡包埋,制作病理切片观察。
将采集的小鼠外周血离心处理,收集血清,按照雌二醇、促卵泡激素酶联免疫吸附检测试剂盒使用说明,进行样品检测和分析。
将卵巢研磨匀浆,取上清,按照己糖激酶、丙酮酸激酶和6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶活性检测试剂盒的操作说明,进行检测。
提取卵巢组织中的全蛋白,Bradford法蛋白定量,加入上样缓冲液后,经100℃金属浴加热处理,进行10%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,100 V电转30 min,将蛋白转移至聚偏二氟乙烯(Polyvinylidene fluoride,PVDF)膜。经5%脱脂奶粉室温下封闭1 h后,加入一抗AKT、p-AKT、mTOR、p-mTOR、Bax、Caspase-3和GAPDH分别孵育PVDF膜4℃过夜,1×TBST缓冲液漂洗5次,每次5 min后,室温下和相应辣根过氧化物酶标记二抗孵育2 h。最后,ECL法显色拍照,采用Image J图像分析软件进行结果分析,以GAPDH蛋白作为内参,计算各目的蛋白的相对表达量。
所有实验数据均按照均值±标准差()表示,采用GraphPad Prism9.0对数据进行分析处理,组间比较采用单因素方差分析,P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义,P<0.01表示差异有显著统计学意义,P<0.001表示差异有极显著统计学意义,P<0.000 1表示差异有极极显著统计学意义。
实验期间,黄芩苷组小鼠的临床表现和对照组小鼠没有明显差异,饮食饮水均正常,精神状态良好,活动正常,反应灵敏。与正常对照组小鼠相比,高龄小鼠体质量明显偏重,腹部脂肪增加。与高龄对照组小鼠相比,黄芩苷组小鼠的卵巢、脂肪、脾等器重比,以及肝、肾和脾等的病理形态学,均没有明显差异(数据未显示)。结果也说明黄芩苷的给予剂量为25 mg/kg对高龄小鼠没有明显的不良反应。
如图1A、图1B所示,随着小鼠月龄增加,血清促卵泡激素水平明显升高,雌二醇含量则显著降低。高龄小鼠给予黄芩苷后,血清过高的促卵泡激素水平明显下降,雌二醇含量则明显升高。结果说明黄芩苷可调节高龄引起紊乱的血清性激素水平。
糖代谢限速酶活性检测实验结果显示,与正常对照组小鼠相比,高龄小鼠卵巢组织中3种糖代谢限速酶活性均显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.001)。给与黄芩苷后,给药组小鼠卵巢组织己糖激酶、丙酮酸激酶和6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶活性显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.001),且统计学差异依序增大,恢复至与正常对照组小鼠相当水平,甚至超过,结果见图2A、图2B和图2C。这个结果提示黄芩苷可明显提高高龄小鼠卵巢组织中葡萄糖代谢关键限速酶活性。
Western blot试验检测了给予黄芩苷后高龄小鼠卵巢组织中凋亡及通路相关蛋白的表达情况。图3是凋亡相关蛋白的表达情况。与正常对照组小鼠相比,高龄小鼠卵巢组织中凋亡相关蛋白BAX和Caspase-3的表达显著上调(P<0.01,P<0.001),提示高龄小鼠卵巢组织呈凋亡状态,与BAX和Caspase-3蛋白的表达上调有关。值得注意的是,黄芩苷给予后,高龄小鼠卵巢组织中BAX和Caspase-3蛋白的表达显著下调(P<0.05),提示高龄小鼠卵巢组织的凋亡状态得到缓解和改善。
图4是PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路相关关键因子蛋白的表达情况。与正常对照组小鼠相比,高龄小鼠卵巢组织中PI3K、AKT、mTOR蛋白表达及其磷酸化水平均明显升高,提示PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路被激活。而黄芩苷给予后,PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路相关关键因子蛋白在高龄小鼠卵巢组织的表达及其磷酸化水平显著下降,提示该通路被抑制。
随着现代社会生活节奏加快、生活压力增加及环境变化,女性平均生育年龄不断推迟,国家三孩政策下部分再生育女性年龄接近甚至超过40岁。女性生育力受卵巢功能直接影响,育龄推迟往往伴随卵巢功能下降甚至衰退。卵巢衰老以年龄为主线,功能减退为核心,卵泡数量及质量下降为基础,表现生育力下降及多种不良妊娠结局的发生率上升,已成为影响国家人口安全、社会家庭稳定和子代健康的重大问题[21]。因此,探究卵巢衰老的影响因素、发生发展机制,寻求有效的治疗药物和措施,对于女性生殖健康及社会发展有着深远意义。本研究从卵巢糖代谢角度,分析卵巢衰老的可能因素,探讨中药活性成分黄芩苷对卵巢衰老的影响及其潜在的调控机制。
葡萄糖是细胞的关键供能物质,主要通过有氧氧化和无氧氧化两个途径释放三磷酸腺苷(ATP)供能。己糖激酶、丙酮酸激酶和6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶是葡萄糖代谢的关键限速酶,其中己糖激酶、丙酮酸激酶是糖酵解途径的限速酶,6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶对磷酸戊糖旁路至关重要,协助产生还原型辅酶。限速酶的活性高低决定了糖代谢效率和方向,也影响了ATP产生。细胞内ATP减少引起细胞功能异常,进而影响卵巢的正常功能。研究表明卵母细胞ATP含量与卵母细胞体内着床和/或后期发育潜能紧密相关[22]。葡萄糖能量代谢过程会产生副产物活性氧。当活性氧过剩时会引起氧化应激,造成线粒体功能障碍和细胞凋亡[23]。而氧化应激被认为是卵巢衰老的主要因素之一。清燥救肺汤被证实可通过抑制烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶表达,减少活性氧含量,抑制限速酶G6PD的表达,减少磷酸戊糖代谢途径提供的肺癌细胞DNA合成原料,发挥抑制肺癌细胞能量代谢及细胞增殖的功效[24]。梁爱红等发现白藜芦醇可通过上调多囊卵巢综合征大鼠卵巢糖酵解关键限速酶基因如己糖激-2、乳酸脱氢酶A及丙酮酸激酶M2,逆转紊乱的糖酵解进程[25]。黄芩苷具有较强的抗氧化性和抗凋亡性,已被证实具有清除自由基、抑制活性氧产生和凋亡基因表达、提高抗氧化酶活性以及调控生殖激素等能力[26-27]。在本实验中,黄芩苷明显地升高高龄小鼠卵巢中己糖激酶、丙酮酸激酶和6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶活性,说明卵巢中糖酵解途径和磷酸戊糖途径被激发,提示黄芩苷可通过调控糖代谢关键限速酶活性,调控糖酵解途径和磷酸戊糖途径提供给的能量物质,发挥促进卵巢能量代谢功效。
PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路是广泛存在于细胞内重要的生存信号转导通路之一,与细胞增殖分化、凋亡、自噬、迁移及免疫反应密切相关。越来越多研究发现,PI3K/AKT/mTOR与卵巢功能相关,参与原始卵泡招募、颗粒细胞凋亡和自噬、卵母细胞成熟等[28]。白藜芦醇灌胃[20 mg/(kg·d)]治疗可激活PI3K/AKT信号通路,减轻卵巢早衰大鼠颗粒细胞的氧化应激并抑制颗粒细胞的凋亡[29]。褪黑素通过激活PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路,调节性激素,增加原始卵泡、初级卵泡和窦卵泡数量,减少闭锁卵泡数,进而发挥对POI大鼠卵巢的保护作用[30]。本实验结果证实黄芩苷可通过抑制PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路,逆转紊乱的性激素,下调凋亡蛋白BAX和Caspase-3表达,来改善高龄小鼠卵巢功能。
因此,本实验结果表明,黄芩苷具有较强的抗卵巢衰老功效,可通过PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路,调控卵巢能量代谢,发挥其对卵巢功能的改善作用。但是,其对高龄小鼠繁殖性能及相关的具体机制尚需进一步研究。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(82060280)
  • 广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFAA238022)
  • 广西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(2017BS011)
  • 广西中医药大学科研项目(2018ZD003)
  • 广西中医药大学研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSZ2022022)
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.02.031
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-02-10
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国家自然科学基金项目(82060280)
广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFAA238022)
广西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(2017BS011)
广西中医药大学科研项目(2018ZD003)
广西中医药大学研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSZ2022022)
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    广西中医药大学,广西 南宁 530200

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周崇(1976-),男,吉林白城人,教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中医药防治不孕不育症的基础。E-mail:。
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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