Article(id=1322912312805434044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322912162913596032, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.01.027, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793336473894, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1736438400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793336473894, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793336473894, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793336473894, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322912162913596032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1736438400000', pubDateStr='2025-01-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793336438157, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340633627, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929760048906989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322912162913596032, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929760048906990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322912162913596032, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=152, endPage=156, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322912314600596157, articleId=1322912312805434044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Experimental Study of Qiju Dihuang Pills(杞菊地黄丸)Improving Inflammatory Response in Mice with Diabetic Retinopathy by Regulating Raf/MEK/ERK Pathway, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the effects of Qiju Dihuang Pills(杞菊地黄丸)on inflammatory responses inmice with diabetic retinopathy based on the rapid accelerated fibrosarcoma(Raf)/mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase(MEKERK)signaling pathway.

Methods

Fifty male C57BL/6Jmice were randomly divided into the normal group,the model group,the Qiju Dihuang Pills low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose groups. The modelwas established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ). After 12 weeks of modeling,the normal group and themodel group were given saline by gavage once a day,and the Qiju Dihuang Pills Groupswere given the corresponding dose ofQiju Dihuang Pillsmedicinal solution(11 g·kg-1,22 g·kg-1 and 44 g·kg-1)once a day for 8 consecutive weeks. The changes in blood glucose,water intake,urine output,food intake and bodymass were measured monthly. The imaging tests[fundus angiofluorescence(FFA),optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT)]were performed to assess the retinopathy. HE staining was used to assess retinal histopathological changes and immunofluorescence(IF)to detect the expressions of interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-17(IL-17)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α). ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-6,IL-17 and TNF-αin peripheral blood. Western Blotwas used to detect the expressions of Raf,p-Raf,MEK,p-MEK,ERK and p-ERK in retinal tissues.

Results

Compared with those of the normalgroup,the mice in the model group had high blood sugar at random,obvious symptoms of polydipsia,polyuria,polyphagia and weight loss;the thicknesswas significantly thinner. The expressions of IL-6,IL-17,TNF-α,p-Raf,p-MEK and p-ERK were significantly increased(P<0.01). Compared with those in the model group,themice in the Qiju Dihuang Pills groups had high random blood sugar,and the symptoms of polydipsia,polyuria,polyphagia and weight loss were significantly improved. The blood vessel density was low,the diameter of the vessel was thickened,and the degree of tortuosity was significantly reduced. The structure was loose,and the overall thickness was significantly reduced. The expressions of IL-6,IL-17,TNF-α,p-Raf,p-MEK and p-ERK were significantly reduced(P<0.01).

Conclusion

Qiju Dihuang Pills can effectively protect the retina and delay the progression of diabetic retinopathy,which may be related to its regulation of Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and its anti-inflammatory effect.

, authors=Chunlin ZHAO1, Guangcheng MA1, Sihan TAO1, Zhuolin CHEN1, Mingyue WANG1, Yiming FANG1, Wei SHI2, authorsList=Chunlin ZHAO, Guangcheng MA, Sihan TAO, Zhuolin CHEN, Mingyue WANG, Yiming FANG, Wei SHI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wei SHI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322912317167510230, articleId=1322912312805434044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=杞菊地黄丸调控Raf/MEK/ERK通路改善糖尿病视网膜病变小鼠炎症反应实验研究, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

基于纤维肉瘤蛋白(rapid accelerated fibrosarcoma,Raf)/丝裂原活化的细胞外信号调节激酶(mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase,MEK)/细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal regulated kinase,ERK)信号通路探讨杞菊地黄丸改善糖尿病视网膜病变炎症反应的价值。

方法

将50只雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,杞菊地黄丸低剂量组,杞菊地黄丸中剂量组以及杞菊地黄丸高剂量组。通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)建立糖尿病模型。造模12周后,正常组、模型组每天予生理盐水灌胃1次,杞菊地黄丸各剂量组每天予相应杞菊地黄丸药液(11,22以及44 g·kg-1)灌胃1次,连续8周。每月测定血糖、饮水量、排尿量、进食量以及体质量变化;影像学检测[眼底血管荧光造影(Fundus angiofluorescence,FFA)、光学相干断层扫描血管成像(Optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA)以及光学相干断层扫描(Optical coherence tomography,OCT)]评估视网膜病变情况;苏木精-伊红(Hematoxylin-eosin,HE)染色评估视网膜组织病理学变化;免疫荧光(immunofluorescence,IF)检测视网膜组织白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6),白介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)以及肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factorα,TNF-α)表达;酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测外周血中IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α水平。蛋白免疫印迹法(western blot,WB)检测视网膜组织中Raf、p-Raf、MEK、p-MEK、ERK以及p-ERK表达。

结果

与正常组相比,模型组小鼠随机血糖高,多饮、多尿、多食以及体质量下降症状明显;视网膜血管密度低,管径增粗,走行迂曲;视网膜各层结构疏松,总体厚度变薄明显;IL-6、IL-17、TNF-α、p-Raf、p-MEK以及p-ERK表达明显增多(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,杞菊地黄丸组小鼠随机血糖高,多饮、多尿、多食以及体质量下降症状明显改善;血管密度低,管径增粗,走行迂曲程度明显减轻;视网膜各层结构疏松,总体厚度变薄显著缓解;IL-6、IL-17、TNF-α、p-Raf、p-MEK以及p-ERK表达明显减少(P<0.01)。

结论

杞菊地黄丸能有效保护视网膜,延缓DR进展,可能与其调控Raf/MEK/ERK信号通路,发挥抗炎作用相关。

, authors=赵春林1, 马广成1, 陶思翰1, 陈卓琳1, 王明月1, 方祎鸣1, 施炜2, authorsList=赵春林, 马广成, 陶思翰, 陈卓琳, 王明月, 方祎鸣, 施炜, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=施炜, authorNote=

赵春林(1998-),女,四川泸州人,博士在读,研究方向:糖尿病视网膜病变相关研究。

, correspAuthorsNote=
施炜(1971-),男,江苏南京人,主任医师,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治眼病。E-mail:。
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赵春林(1998-),女,四川泸州人,博士在读,研究方向:糖尿病视网膜病变相关研究。

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赵春林(1998-),女,四川泸州人,博士在读,研究方向:糖尿病视网膜病变相关研究。

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retinopathy:vascular and inflammatory disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322912561020154838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=1, pageStart=258, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=LIU Y, CHEN J, LIANGH, journalName=Stem Cell Res Ther, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Y,CHEN J,LIANGH,et al.Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells not only ameliorate blood glucose but also protect vascular endothelium from diabetic damage through a paracrinemechanism mediated by MAPK/ERK signaling[J].Stem Cell Res Ther,2022,13(1):258., articleTitle=Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells not only ameliorate blood glucose but also protect vascular endothelium from diabetic damage through a paracrinemechanism mediated by MAPK/ERK signaling, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322912561099846615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=184, issue=null, pageStart=243, pageEnd=257, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=TENCONI P E, BERM U'DEZ V, ORESTI G M, journalName=Exp Eye Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TENCONI P E,BERM U'DEZ V,ORESTI G M,et al.High glucose-induced phospholipase D activity in retinalpigmentepithelium cells:new insights into the molecular mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy[J].Exp Eye Res,2019,184:243-257., articleTitle=High glucose-induced phospholipase D activity in retinalpigmentepithelium cells:new insights into the molecular mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322912561179538392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=QIY, ZOU H, ZHAO X H, journalName=Front Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=QIY,ZOU H,ZHAO X H,et al.Inhibition of colon cancer KRasG13D mutation reduces cancer cell proliferation but promotes stemness and inflammation via RAS/ERK pathway[J].Front Pharmacol,2022,13:996053., articleTitle=Inhibition of colon cancer KRasG13D mutation reduces cancer cell proliferation but promotes stemness and inflammation via RAS/ERK pathway, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322912561267618777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=284, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=SHEN Y, TENG L, QU YH, journalName=J Ethnopharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHEN Y,TENG L,QU YH,et al.Anti-proliferation and antiinflammation effects of corilagin in rheumatoid arthritis by downregulating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2022,284:114791., articleTitle=Anti-proliferation and antiinflammation effects of corilagin in rheumatoid arthritis by downregulating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322912561359893466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=45, issue=7, pageStart=649, pageEnd=654, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=梁念孩, 杜丽君, 马燕, journalName=宁夏医科大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=梁念孩,杜丽君,马燕,等.枸杞多糖对高糖诱导的人视网膜色素上皮细胞中NLRP3炎症小体/细胞焦亡信号通路的影响[J].宁夏医科大学学报,2023,45(7):649-654., articleTitle=枸杞多糖对高糖诱导的人视网膜色素上皮细胞中NLRP3炎症小体/细胞焦亡信号通路的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322912561443779547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=狄梦卓, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=狄梦卓.基于caspase-12通路探讨枸杞多糖治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的实验研究[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2022., articleTitle=基于caspase-12通路探讨枸杞多糖治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的实验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322912561527665628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=陈晓宇, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈晓宇.野菊花总黄酮对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的治疗作用及机制探讨[D].合肥:安徽医科大学,2007., articleTitle=野菊花总黄酮对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的治疗作用及机制探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322912561590580189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=54, issue=7, pageStart=1207, pageEnd=1213, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=徐瑞豪, 樊慧, 张莉, journalName=药学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐瑞豪,樊慧,张莉,等.怀菊花中咖啡酰基奎宁酸类化合物通过调节ERK/MAPK信号通路改善LPS诱导的HUVEC血管内皮细胞损伤[J].药学学报,2019,54(7):1207-1213., articleTitle=怀菊花中咖啡酰基奎宁酸类化合物通过调节ERK/MAPK信号通路改善LPS诱导的HUVEC血管内皮细胞损伤, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322912557022983101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, awardId=81904256, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(81904256), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322912557115257790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, awardId=YB201953, language=CN, fundingSource=江苏省中医药科技发展计划项目(YB201953), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322912557194949567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, awardId=LC2019001, language=CN, fundingSource=溧阳市科技项目(LC2019001), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322912550144324468, 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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, companyId=1322912550328873847, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322912550349845369, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, companyId=1322912550328873847, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.南京中医药大学附属医院,江苏 南京 210004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322912555034882983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=PmpZOtD7+/IKLcIJxUXyiQ==, figureFileBig=klUd85AUzVcM+XwciwBfKw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912555093603240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=图1, caption=各组小鼠影像学检测(FFA、OCTA以及OCT检测,n=3)

注:(A)正常组,(B)模型组,(C)杞菊地黄丸低剂量组,(D)杞菊地黄丸中剂量组,(E)杞菊地黄丸高剂量组。FFA图中红色箭头提示大血管管径扩张或走行迂曲,黄色箭头提示二级血管迂曲扩张;绿色箭头提示毛细血管分布稀疏区域。OCTA(横观)图中黑线代表视网膜血管网。OCTA(纵观)图中红色代表视网膜血流。OCT图中绿线之间的宽度代表视网膜厚度。

, figureFileSmall=PmpZOtD7+/IKLcIJxUXyiQ==, figureFileBig=klUd85AUzVcM+XwciwBfKw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912555194266537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=NQ1ggwtFkNwAW3mnRHrPOA==, figureFileBig=eZ5Yvu29sNuB9XKvNTgCOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912555265569706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组小鼠视网膜组织病理变化(HE染色,×300,n=3)

注:(A)正常组,(B)模型组,(C)杞菊地黄丸低剂量组,(D)杞菊地黄丸中剂量组,(E)杞菊地黄丸高剂量组。ILM:内界膜;GCL:神经节细胞层;IPL:内丛状层;INL:内核层;OPL:外丛状层;ONL:外核层;ELM:外界膜;IS/OS:感光细胞层;RPE:色素上皮层。红色箭头提示内界膜断裂;黄色箭头提示细胞排列疏松紊乱;绿色箭头提示血管扩张。

, figureFileSmall=NQ1ggwtFkNwAW3mnRHrPOA==, figureFileBig=eZ5Yvu29sNuB9XKvNTgCOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912555345261483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=yBeRQ+TXFqVObAOfUoW+hg==, figureFileBig=61CdCjFBbVMbEazJjMzCIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912555437536172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=图3, caption=各组小鼠视网膜组织IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α水平(IF,×300,n=3)

注:ILM:内界膜;GCL:神经节细胞层;IPL:内丛状层;INL:内核层;OPL:外丛状层;ONL:外核层;IS/OS:感光细胞层;RPE:色素上皮层。

, figureFileSmall=yBeRQ+TXFqVObAOfUoW+hg==, figureFileBig=61CdCjFBbVMbEazJjMzCIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912555504645037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=6ZggfpCAxQbCTcdecqbTUQ==, figureFileBig=TxYHYl6FEiKP7gQ6o3slNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912555588531118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=图4, caption=各组小鼠视网膜组织p-Raf、Raf、p-MEK、MEK、p-ERK以及ERK蛋白表达条带(WB,n=3)

注:(A)正常组,(B)模型组,(C)杞菊地黄丸低剂量组,(D)杞菊地黄丸中剂量组,(E)杞菊地黄丸高剂量组。

, figureFileSmall=6ZggfpCAxQbCTcdecqbTUQ==, figureFileBig=TxYHYl6FEiKP7gQ6o3slNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912555647251375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n第0周第12周第16周第20周
正常组66.83±0.576.67±0.836.80±0.776.88±0.73
模型组67.02±0.7332.63±0.60**32.85±0.25**32.35±0.56**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组67.32±0.7232.43±1.2531.78±1.45##30.05±0.66##
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组66.53±0.6931.95±0.9029.95±1.95##27.18±1.82##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组66.77±0.1032.25±0.7829.87±0.92##27.28±2.08##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912555739526064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各组小鼠随机血糖值比较(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n第0周第12周第16周第20周
正常组66.83±0.576.67±0.836.80±0.776.88±0.73
模型组67.02±0.7332.63±0.60**32.85±0.25**32.35±0.56**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组67.32±0.7232.43±1.2531.78±1.45##30.05±0.66##
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组66.53±0.6931.95±0.9029.95±1.95##27.18±1.82##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组66.77±0.1032.25±0.7829.87±0.92##27.28±2.08##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912555823412145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n第0周第12周第16周第20周
正常组620.65±0.7130.62±1.5032.47±2.1433.00±1.00
模型组620.78±0.6125.47±0.41**23.55±0.27**22.10±1.58**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组620.77±0.5225.47±0.9824.87±1.13#24.22±1.93#
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组620.77±0.5525.48±0.7425.75±1.04##27.22±0.66##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组620.75±0.5225.40±0.9525.65±0.93##27.05±0.96##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912555915686834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组小鼠体质量比较(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n第0周第12周第16周第20周
正常组620.65±0.7130.62±1.5032.47±2.1433.00±1.00
模型组620.78±0.6125.47±0.41**23.55±0.27**22.10±1.58**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组620.77±0.5225.47±0.9824.87±1.13#24.22±1.93#
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组620.77±0.5525.48±0.7425.75±1.04##27.22±0.66##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组620.75±0.5225.40±0.9525.65±0.93##27.05±0.96##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912555995378611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n第0周第12周第16周第20周
正常组66.13±0.206.23±0.226.43±0.446.45±0.23
模型组66.18±0.2629.50±0.22**28.57±0.27**29.65±0.26**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组66.18±0.3229.45±0.4024.40±0.37##26.60±0.37##
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组66.18±0.2629.40±0.2423.18±0.23##23.68±0.23##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组66.12±0.2329.67±0.3622.93±0.47##23.38±0.80##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912556079264692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各组小鼠每日饮水量比较(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n第0周第12周第16周第20周
正常组66.13±0.206.23±0.226.43±0.446.45±0.23
模型组66.18±0.2629.50±0.22**28.57±0.27**29.65±0.26**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组66.18±0.3229.45±0.4024.40±0.37##26.60±0.37##
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组66.18±0.2629.40±0.2423.18±0.23##23.68±0.23##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组66.12±0.2329.67±0.3622.93±0.47##23.38±0.80##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912556175733685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n第0周第12周第16周第20周
正常组63.47±0.044.03±0.023.93±0.144.00±0.13
模型组63.47±0.026.41±0.01**6.40±0.02**6.43±0.04**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组63.46±0.016.41±0.035.10±0.05##5.01±0.03##
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组63.46±0.036.42±0.034.60±0.02##4.60±0.06##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组63.46±0.036.39±0.024.71±0.02##4.68±0.15##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912556288979894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

各组小鼠每日进食量比较(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n第0周第12周第16周第20周
正常组63.47±0.044.03±0.023.93±0.144.00±0.13
模型组63.47±0.026.41±0.01**6.40±0.02**6.43±0.04**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组63.46±0.016.41±0.035.10±0.05##5.01±0.03##
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组63.46±0.036.42±0.034.60±0.02##4.60±0.06##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组63.46±0.036.39±0.024.71±0.02##4.68±0.15##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912556385448887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n第0周第12周第16周第20周
正常组61.65±0.101.62±0.041.63±0.101.63±0.05
模型组61.63±0.0519.17±0.20**18.63±0.26**19.02±0.34**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组61.62±0.1019.15±0.3614.82±0.08##17.52±0.13##
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组61.65±0.1019.18±0.1512.27±0.19##13.92±0.15##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组61.64±0.0919.13±0.3913.33±0.19##15.55±0.12##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912556490306488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

各组小鼠每日排尿量比较(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n第0周第12周第16周第20周
正常组61.65±0.101.62±0.041.63±0.101.63±0.05
模型组61.63±0.0519.17±0.20**18.63±0.26**19.02±0.34**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组61.62±0.1019.15±0.3614.82±0.08##17.52±0.13##
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组61.65±0.1019.18±0.1512.27±0.19##13.92±0.15##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组61.64±0.0919.13±0.3913.33±0.19##15.55±0.12##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912556582581177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nIL-6IL-17TNF-α
正常组643.47±4.2618.58±0.98233.33±16.43
模型组685.03±8.25**38.51±3.24**521.48±15.83**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组674.57±2.94##31.94±2.04##361.75±4.03##
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组655.95±2.46##24.27±0.67##315.88±34.72##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组648.27±3.26##21.33±0.80##284.69±23.00##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912556670661562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

各组小鼠外周血中IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α含量比较(ELISA,±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nIL-6IL-17TNF-α
正常组643.47±4.2618.58±0.98233.33±16.43
模型组685.03±8.25**38.51±3.24**521.48±15.83**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组674.57±2.94##31.94±2.04##361.75±4.03##
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组655.95±2.46##24.27±0.67##315.88±34.72##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组648.27±3.26##21.33±0.80##284.69±23.00##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912556767130555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别np-Raf/Rafp-MEK/MEKp-ERK/ERK
正常组30.50±0.110.32±0.020.67±0.15
模型组30.94±0.11**0.58±0.07**1.47±0.05**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组30.71±0.13#0.41±0.05#0.94±0.25#
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组30.61±0.09##0.35±0.06##0.66±0.10##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组30.42±0.13##0.28±0.01##0.56±0.14##
), ArticleFig(id=1322912556855210940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912312805434044, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

各组小鼠视网膜组织p-Raf/Raf、p-MEK/MEK以及p-ERK/ERK表达(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别np-Raf/Rafp-MEK/MEKp-ERK/ERK
正常组30.50±0.110.32±0.020.67±0.15
模型组30.94±0.11**0.58±0.07**1.47±0.05**
杞菊地黄丸低剂量组30.71±0.13#0.41±0.05#0.94±0.25#
杞菊地黄丸中剂量组30.61±0.09##0.35±0.06##0.66±0.10##
杞菊地黄丸高剂量组30.42±0.13##0.28±0.01##0.56±0.14##
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杞菊地黄丸调控Raf/MEK/ERK通路改善糖尿病视网膜病变小鼠炎症反应实验研究
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赵春林 1 , 马广成 1 , 陶思翰 1 , 陈卓琳 1 , 王明月 1 , 方祎鸣 1 , 施炜 2
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(1): 152-156
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中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2025 , 43 (1) : 152 -156
杞菊地黄丸调控Raf/MEK/ERK通路改善糖尿病视网膜病变小鼠炎症反应实验研究
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赵春林(1998-),女,四川泸州人,博士在读,研究方向:糖尿病视网膜病变相关研究。

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赵春林1, 马广成1, 陶思翰1, 陈卓琳1, 王明月1, 方祎鸣1, 施炜2
作者信息
  • 1.南京中医药大学第一临床医学院,江苏 南京 210023
  • 2.南京中医药大学附属医院,江苏 南京 210004
通讯作者:
施炜(1971-),男,江苏南京人,主任医师,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治眼病。E-mail:。
作者简介:

赵春林(1998-),女,四川泸州人,博士在读,研究方向:糖尿病视网膜病变相关研究。

Experimental Study of Qiju Dihuang Pills(杞菊地黄丸)Improving Inflammatory Response in Mice with Diabetic Retinopathy by Regulating Raf/MEK/ERK Pathway
Chunlin ZHAO1, Guangcheng MA1, Sihan TAO1, Zhuolin CHEN1, Mingyue WANG1, Yiming FANG1, Wei SHI2
Affiliations
  • 1.First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
  • 2.Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu, China
出版时间: 2025-01-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.01.027
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目的

基于纤维肉瘤蛋白(rapid accelerated fibrosarcoma,Raf)/丝裂原活化的细胞外信号调节激酶(mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase,MEK)/细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal regulated kinase,ERK)信号通路探讨杞菊地黄丸改善糖尿病视网膜病变炎症反应的价值。

方法

将50只雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,杞菊地黄丸低剂量组,杞菊地黄丸中剂量组以及杞菊地黄丸高剂量组。通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)建立糖尿病模型。造模12周后,正常组、模型组每天予生理盐水灌胃1次,杞菊地黄丸各剂量组每天予相应杞菊地黄丸药液(11,22以及44 g·kg-1)灌胃1次,连续8周。每月测定血糖、饮水量、排尿量、进食量以及体质量变化;影像学检测[眼底血管荧光造影(Fundus angiofluorescence,FFA)、光学相干断层扫描血管成像(Optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA)以及光学相干断层扫描(Optical coherence tomography,OCT)]评估视网膜病变情况;苏木精-伊红(Hematoxylin-eosin,HE)染色评估视网膜组织病理学变化;免疫荧光(immunofluorescence,IF)检测视网膜组织白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6),白介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)以及肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factorα,TNF-α)表达;酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测外周血中IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α水平。蛋白免疫印迹法(western blot,WB)检测视网膜组织中Raf、p-Raf、MEK、p-MEK、ERK以及p-ERK表达。

结果

与正常组相比,模型组小鼠随机血糖高,多饮、多尿、多食以及体质量下降症状明显;视网膜血管密度低,管径增粗,走行迂曲;视网膜各层结构疏松,总体厚度变薄明显;IL-6、IL-17、TNF-α、p-Raf、p-MEK以及p-ERK表达明显增多(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,杞菊地黄丸组小鼠随机血糖高,多饮、多尿、多食以及体质量下降症状明显改善;血管密度低,管径增粗,走行迂曲程度明显减轻;视网膜各层结构疏松,总体厚度变薄显著缓解;IL-6、IL-17、TNF-α、p-Raf、p-MEK以及p-ERK表达明显减少(P<0.01)。

结论

杞菊地黄丸能有效保护视网膜,延缓DR进展,可能与其调控Raf/MEK/ERK信号通路,发挥抗炎作用相关。

糖尿病视网膜病变  /  杞菊地黄丸  /  炎症  /  Raf/MEK/ERK通路
Objective

To explore the effects of Qiju Dihuang Pills(杞菊地黄丸)on inflammatory responses inmice with diabetic retinopathy based on the rapid accelerated fibrosarcoma(Raf)/mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase(MEKERK)signaling pathway.

Methods

Fifty male C57BL/6Jmice were randomly divided into the normal group,the model group,the Qiju Dihuang Pills low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose groups. The modelwas established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ). After 12 weeks of modeling,the normal group and themodel group were given saline by gavage once a day,and the Qiju Dihuang Pills Groupswere given the corresponding dose ofQiju Dihuang Pillsmedicinal solution(11 g·kg-1,22 g·kg-1 and 44 g·kg-1)once a day for 8 consecutive weeks. The changes in blood glucose,water intake,urine output,food intake and bodymass were measured monthly. The imaging tests[fundus angiofluorescence(FFA),optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT)]were performed to assess the retinopathy. HE staining was used to assess retinal histopathological changes and immunofluorescence(IF)to detect the expressions of interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-17(IL-17)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α). ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-6,IL-17 and TNF-αin peripheral blood. Western Blotwas used to detect the expressions of Raf,p-Raf,MEK,p-MEK,ERK and p-ERK in retinal tissues.

Results

Compared with those of the normalgroup,the mice in the model group had high blood sugar at random,obvious symptoms of polydipsia,polyuria,polyphagia and weight loss;the thicknesswas significantly thinner. The expressions of IL-6,IL-17,TNF-α,p-Raf,p-MEK and p-ERK were significantly increased(P<0.01). Compared with those in the model group,themice in the Qiju Dihuang Pills groups had high random blood sugar,and the symptoms of polydipsia,polyuria,polyphagia and weight loss were significantly improved. The blood vessel density was low,the diameter of the vessel was thickened,and the degree of tortuosity was significantly reduced. The structure was loose,and the overall thickness was significantly reduced. The expressions of IL-6,IL-17,TNF-α,p-Raf,p-MEK and p-ERK were significantly reduced(P<0.01).

Conclusion

Qiju Dihuang Pills can effectively protect the retina and delay the progression of diabetic retinopathy,which may be related to its regulation of Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and its anti-inflammatory effect.

diabetic retinopathy  /  Qiju Dihuang Pills(杞菊地黄丸)  /  inflammation  /  Raf/MEK/ERK pathway
赵春林, 马广成, 陶思翰, 陈卓琳, 王明月, 方祎鸣, 施炜. 杞菊地黄丸调控Raf/MEK/ERK通路改善糖尿病视网膜病变小鼠炎症反应实验研究. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (1) : 152 -156 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.01.027
Chunlin ZHAO, Guangcheng MA, Sihan TAO, Zhuolin CHEN, Mingyue WANG, Yiming FANG, Wei SHI. Experimental Study of Qiju Dihuang Pills(杞菊地黄丸)Improving Inflammatory Response in Mice with Diabetic Retinopathy by Regulating Raf/MEK/ERK Pathway[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (1) : 152 -156 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.01.027
糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)是由糖尿病引起的慢性并发症,具有致盲风险[1]。现全世界糖尿病患者的DR发病率已达30%~40%[2]。目前,临床上DR诊疗主要依靠影像学检测手段,包括眼底血管荧光造影(Fundus angiofluorescence,FFA)和光学相干断层扫描(Optical coherence tomography,OCT)/光学相干断层扫描血管成像(Optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA)[3]。DR发生发展与炎症反应密切相关,众多炎症因子积累促成微炎症环境,进而诱导视网膜出现慢性、低度炎症性损伤[4]。目前,DR的临床治疗方案主要是控制血糖、注射抗血管内皮生长因子药物以及视网膜激光光凝手术[5]。但长期治疗并发症风险高且经济负担重[6]。中医药治疗DR有其专属优势与充分临床经验。杞菊地黄丸具有滋养肝肾明目的作用,是治疗眼部病症的经典方剂之一。既往研究证实,杞菊地黄丸联合常规治疗可提高DR的综合疗效有效率,还可以降低DR患者肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)以及血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)水平,在一定程度上对于降低视网膜血管渗漏面积与调节血糖有益[7-8]。此外,网络药理学研究表明,杞菊地黄丸治疗糖尿病眼病可能与甲状腺激素、胰岛素的信号通路以及丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen activates protein kinases,MAPKs)等信号通路相关[9]。基于此,本研究拟通过体内实验探讨杞菊地黄丸对糖尿病小鼠视网膜病变程度的影响及其作用机制,为其进一步研究开发提供实验依据。
50只SPF级雄性C57BL/6J小鼠,8周龄,体质量20~25 g,购于斯贝福(北京)生物技术有限公司[动物许可证号SCXK(京)2019-0010]。饲养于南京中医药大学附属医院动物实验中心[许可证号为SYXK(苏)2017-0069],温度(24±2)℃,相对湿度为50%,每日光照时长12 h,昼夜环境交替,水食不限。本实验符合南京中医药大学实验动物伦理要求(伦理号2022DW-333-02)。
杞菊地黄丸由枸杞子(批号21102513)、菊花(批号21061071)、熟地黄(批号21100133)、酒萸肉(批号21102883)、山药(批号21083573)、泽泻(批号21100403)、牡丹皮(批号20110481)以及茯苓(批号21102063)组成,均由南京中医药大学附属医院提供。所有药材经南京中医药大学附属医院药学部钱芳主任中药师鉴定符合《中华人民共和国药典》相关要求。杞菊地黄丸汤剂制备:将药材混合,以4倍量蒸水充分浸泡0.5 h后,煎煮40 min后过滤;以相同体积蒸馏水重复煎煮1次,过滤药液后将2次滤液合并,以旋转蒸发仪浓缩后置于4℃保存。
链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)(美国Sigma公司,货号S0130),柠檬酸钠缓冲溶液(中国沃瑞达斯实验试剂耗材公司,货号20221120),复方托吡卡胺滴眼液(中国河北永光制药有限公司,货号0042218),三溴乙醇(中国爱贝生物科技有限公司,货号2095A),黏弹剂爱维(德国博士伦公司,货号01322),10%荧光素钠(美国爱尔康公司,货号30734),纤维肉瘤蛋白(rapid accelerated fibrosarcoma,Raf)抗体、p-Raf抗体、丝裂原活化的细胞外信号调节激酶(mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase,MEK)抗体、p-MEK抗体、细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal regulated kinase,ERK)抗体以及p-ERK抗体(美国CST公司,货号分别为9422T、9431T、8727T、9154T、4695T以及4370T),苏木精-伊红(Hematoxylin-eosin,HE)染液以及视网膜IL-6、白介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)、TNF-α免疫荧光染色一抗(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,货号分别为G1005、GB11071、GB11117、GB11110-1、GB11188),IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)试剂盒(艾方生物科技有限公司,货号AF-02446M1、AF-02453M1、AF-02415M1)。血糖试纸(罗氏血糖健康医护公司,货号670175),血糖仪(德国罗氏血糖健康医护公司),OCT/OCTA仪[中国图湃(北京)医疗科技有限公司],共焦激光眼底造影系统(中国高视医疗有限公司),荧光倒置显微镜(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司),酶标仪(深圳雷杜生命科学股份有限公司),TGL16M台式高速冷冻离心机(上海卢湘仪离心机仪器有限公司),988洗板机(北京天石天力医疗器械技术开发中心),凝胶成像分析系统(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司)。
50只C57BL/6J小鼠适应性饲养1周后,按随机数字表法分为正常组10只和造模组40只。禁食24 h,禁水2 h,造模组小鼠连续5 d腹腔注射STZ溶液50mg·kg-1(以pH为4.5柠檬酸钠缓冲液低温避光配制),正常组连续5 d腹腔注射柠檬酸钠缓冲液作为对照。72 h后尾静脉采血,测定随机血糖≥16.7 mmol·L-1为糖尿病小鼠。造模组小鼠继续常规喂养12周,测定血糖≥16.7 mmol·L-1,并伴有多饮、多尿、多食以及体质量明显减轻等表现,随机抽取正常组与造模组小鼠各3只进行FFA检测。造模组小鼠出现视网膜病变提示DR小鼠造模成功。将37只实际成模DR小鼠按随机数字表法分为模型组10只,杞菊地黄丸低剂量组9只,杞菊地黄丸中剂量组9只以及杞菊地黄丸高剂量组9只。正常组和模型组每天予生理盐水灌胃1次,杞菊地黄丸低剂量、中剂量以及高剂量组每天分别予相应杞菊地黄丸药液(11、22、44 g·kg-1)灌胃1次,连续干预8周。
每月1次监测小鼠随机血糖、饮水量、排尿量、进食量以及体质量变化。
小鼠双眼滴复方托吡卡胺滴眼液散瞳,腹腔注射0.01 mL·g-1三溴乙醇诱导麻醉后进行双眼OCT/OCTA检测。OCT/OCTA检测完毕后立即双眼涂抹黏弹剂爱维加覆盖盖玻片,腹腔注射0.1 mL 10%荧光素钠造影剂后,立即进行双眼FFA检测。用图湃软件以及Image J软件分析各组小鼠视网膜血管变化、血管密度以及视网膜厚度。所有图像均由同一位技术员采集,图像分析由同一位医师进行。
视网膜组织经修剪、脱水、透明后采用石蜡包埋。随后将蜡块固定于切片机,切成5 μm厚度,热水中烫平后贴于载玻片,恒温箱烘干。将切片依次采用二甲苯、无水乙醇、75%乙醇处理后,用自来水冲洗。先以苏木素染色,梯度乙醇脱水后,采用伊红染液染色。进一步采用无水乙醇脱水,二甲苯透明,中性树胶封片,光学显微镜下观察。
将视网膜组织切片脱蜡至水后,采用抗原修复液对切片进行抗原修复;牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albumin,BSA)孵育30 min后,分别加入IL-6(1∶500)、IL-17(1∶500)以及TNF-α(1∶500)一抗;洗涤后加入相应二抗(1∶500)室温孵育1 h;再次洗涤后加入荧光标记二抗;最后滴加自发荧光淬灭剂5 min后,采用流水冲洗15 min。其后将切片甩干,滴加DAPI染液,室温下避光孵育10 min;漂洗、甩干后采用抗荧光淬灭剂封片;通过荧光显微镜观察切片并采集图像。视网膜组织绿色荧光标记部位即为IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α蛋白阳性表达部位。每组随机统计3个视野阳性表达细胞的平均荧光强度。
将小鼠摘眼球取血,吸取血清10 μL加入各孔中,参照ELISA试剂盒的操作说明,测量各样本在450 nm波长下的光密度值,获得上清中IL-6、IL-17以及TNFα含量。
制备视网膜组织蛋白样本,上样、电泳、转膜以及加入相应一抗Raf(1∶1000)、p-Raf(1∶1000)、MEK(1∶1000)、p-MEK(1∶1000)、ERK(1∶1000)、p-ERK(1∶1000)以及β-actin(1∶5000),4℃孵育过夜。相应二抗(1∶5000),37℃孵育1 h,进行化学发光显影操作。采用Image J软件分析目标条带的吸光度。根据内参条带的灰度值计算目的条带的相对强度,从而得到目的蛋白的相对含量。
统计软件SPSS 26.0和GraphPad prism 8.1用于分析结果。所有数据用±s表示,两组样本均数比较采用t检验,多组间比较方差齐时采用单因素方差分析,组间多重比较采用最小显著性差异法(LSD)-t检验,P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
与正常组相比,模型组小鼠各节点随机血糖值、饮水量、排尿量以及进食量均显著升高,体质量显著降低;与模型组相比,杞菊地黄丸各剂量组给药4周以及给药8周后血糖值、饮水量、排尿量以及进食量均显著降低,体质量显著升高。其中,高剂量长期给药对血糖值、进食量以及体质量改善效果佳,高剂量短期给药对饮水量和排尿量改善效果佳。说明杞菊地黄丸可以降低DR小鼠血糖,改善多饮多尿多食以及体质量下降症状,其改善效果与给药剂量和干预时间相关。具体见表1-表5。
FFA结果表明,与正常组相比,模型组小鼠大血管管径增粗,形态迂曲,二级血管迂曲扩张,毛细血管分布稀疏;与模型组相比,杞菊地黄丸各剂量组大血管管径减小,形态规整,二级血管迂曲扩张程度明显减轻,毛细血管分布密集。其中,以中剂量和高剂量组干预效果更明显。OCT/OCTA结果提示,与正常组相比,模型组小鼠视网膜变薄,血管密度降低;与模型组相比,杞菊地黄丸各剂量组小鼠视网膜变厚,血管密度升高。其中,以中剂量和高剂量组干预效果更明显。具体见插页ⅩⅩⅨ图1。
与正常组相比,模型组小鼠视网膜血管明显扩张,内界膜出现断裂,各层细胞排列疏松无规则,胞间间隙大,数量显著减少,部分细胞呈现空泡样改变;与模型组相比,杞菊地黄丸各剂量组小鼠视网膜血管扩张明显减轻,内界膜完整性尚可,各层细胞排列较整齐紧密,各层细胞数量明显增多,空泡样改变较少,较接近于正常组视网膜形态。其中,以中高剂量组改善效果更明显。具体见插页ⅩⅩⅩ图2。
与正常组比较,模型组小鼠视网膜组织中IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α荧光显著增强;外周血中IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α含量明显上升。与模型组比较,杞菊地黄丸高剂量组小鼠视网膜组织中IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α荧光强度明显减弱;杞菊地黄丸低中高剂量组外周血中IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α含量明显下降,且呈剂量依赖性。说明DR小鼠炎症水平高,杞菊地黄丸能够改善DR小鼠视网膜炎症水平。具体见插页ⅩⅩⅪ图3、表6。
与正常组比较,模型组小鼠视网膜组织中p-Raf、p-MEK以及p-ERK蛋白表达量明显增加(P<0.01);与模型组比较,杞菊地黄丸各剂量组小鼠的视网膜组织中p-Raf、p-MEK以及p-ERK蛋白表达量均降低(P<0.01),呈现剂量依赖性。说明DR小鼠视网膜Raf/MEK/ERK通路活性较强,杞菊地黄丸能抑制该通路活性,抑制作用与剂量成正比。具体见图4、表7。
DR属中医学“消渴目病”范畴,刘河间认为病机是消渴日久、肾阴亏虚、肝失濡养、肝肾精血不足、不能上承于目。杞菊地黄丸系《医级》方,具有滋养肝肾明目的功效,是治疗肝肾不足导致的眼部病证的良方。多项研究显示,杞菊地黄丸防治糖尿病眼病的疗效颇佳,但中药治疗疾病具有多靶点、多通路的特点,故其具体机制尚不明确[8,10]。因此,本研究采用杞菊地黄丸干预STZ诱导的糖尿病小鼠,探讨该方治疗DR的具体机制。
大量临床研究经影像学检查发现,与正常组相比,DR组患者视盘及黄斑区神经纤维层厚度薄变[11-13]。此外,张琴等通过HE染色发现糖尿病小鼠视网膜内界膜断续且不完整,视网膜各层组织疏松水肿,神经节细胞排列松散不规则,毛细血管扩张和新生血管形成等[14]。说明糖尿病会导致视网膜发生病变,与本研究结论相符。而视网膜病变与炎症水平具有一定相关性,查阅文献可知,与非糖尿病眼相比,DR患者眼中IL-6、IL-17和TNF-α的水平升高[15-19]。糖尿病大鼠外周血IL-6以及TNF-α水平显著升高[20]。IL-17在体外加剧高糖诱导的视网膜Müller细胞活化和功能障碍[21]。视网膜缺血增加代偿性血管生成、组织重塑和炎症,可能由IL-6和TNF-α表达升高介导[22]。此外,高炎症水平可能与MAPKs信号通路相关。MAPKs信号通路是参与调控炎症的经典信号通路,Raf/MEK/ERK是MAPKs亚族的经典信号通路,Raf作为该通路的起始因子,活化后产生的p-Raf能够促使下游MEK蛋白磷酸化(p-MEK),p-MEK激活ERK基因并使之发生磷酸化(p-ERK),进而调控下游炎症因子表达,并最终调控炎症水平。既往研究表明糖尿病大鼠MAPK/ERK信号通路激活会导致IL-6、TNF-α旁分泌途径随之激活,进一步使得血管内皮受损[23]。高糖培养诱导视网膜色素上皮细胞ERK活化,上调促炎因子IL-6表达水平[24],加重炎症反应。此外,Ras/ERK信号通路也与促炎因子IL-17密切相关[25]。下调MAPK信号通路可以有效抑制炎症反应[26]。因此,本研究通过比较各组小鼠视网膜病变程度、测定视网膜组织IL-6、IL-17和TNF-α表达水平以及Raf、p-Raf、MEK、p-MEK、ERK以及p-ERK蛋白表达水平后发现,糖尿病小鼠发生视网膜病变与高炎症水平以及Raf/MEK/ERK信号通路具有一定相关性。
杞菊地黄丸干预后,IL-6、IL-17以及TNF-α表达水平显著下调,视网膜组织Raf/MEK/ERK通路蛋白及其磷酸化水平降低,视网膜病变程度明显减轻。说明杞菊地黄丸可通过调控Raf/MEK/ERK信号通路,发挥抗炎作用,延缓DR小鼠病程进展。分析其原因可能与中药杞菊地黄丸多成分、多靶点的作用特点相关。有研究表明,杞菊地黄丸中的枸杞子的有效成分枸杞多糖可通过抑制炎症小体/细胞焦亡信号通路的激活,保护人视网膜色素上皮细胞免受高糖损伤[27]。此外,不同浓度枸杞多糖可以抑制DR小鼠核因子以及ERK的蛋白表达[28]。陈晓宇研究发现杞菊地黄丸中的菊花改善大鼠关节炎症状,减少炎症介质的释放,也可能与磷酸化ERK激活相关[29]。徐瑞豪等通过体外实验发现菊花可以调节ERK信号通路,抑制炎症因子释放,进而改善脂多糖诱导的血管内皮细胞损伤[30]。
综上所述,杞菊地黄丸能够抑制IL-6、IL-17和TNF-α表达,保护视网膜,延缓DR进展可能与Raf/MEK/ERK通路有关,但更加深入的作用机制还需要进一步的研究。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(81904256)
  • 江苏省中医药科技发展计划项目(YB201953)
  • 溧阳市科技项目(LC2019001)
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2025年第43卷第1期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.01.027
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-01-10
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国家自然科学基金项目(81904256)
江苏省中医药科技发展计划项目(YB201953)
溧阳市科技项目(LC2019001)
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    1.南京中医药大学第一临床医学院,江苏 南京 210023
    2.南京中医药大学附属医院,江苏 南京 210004

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施炜(1971-),男,江苏南京人,主任医师,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治眼病。E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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