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Article(id=1317115250332250231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1317115107243573307, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2026.04.034, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1791954346496, onlineDateStr=2026-10-14, pubDate=1775750400000, pubDateStr=2026-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1791954346496, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-14, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1791954346496, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1791954346496, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1317115107243573307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2026', volume='44', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1775750400000', pubDateStr='2026-04-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1791954312382, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1791958738709, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1317133672680116252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1317115107243573307, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1317133672680116253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1317115107243573307, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=164, endPage=173, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1317115250516799608, articleId=1317115250332250231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Quality Analysis of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）Based on GC-MS and HPLC-Electronic Eye, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the volatile oil components and quality differences in color and parts of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）. This research provided a reference for evaluating the quality and utilizing of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）.

Methods

GC-MS combined with retention index（RI）was used to analyze volatile oil components of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）. HPLC method detected the contents of Crocetin-Ⅰ, Crocetin-Ⅱ, Crocetin-Ⅳ, Crocetin, Crocetin-Ⅲ（at 440 nm）, Geniposidic Acid, Gardenoside, Genipin-1-b-D-gentiobioside and Geniposide（at 240 nm）. Agilent Extend-C18 column was used as the chromatographic column, with acetonitrile -0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. Electronic eye technology quantified pericarp and kernel of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）based on chromaticity value（L*, a*, b*）. Cluster analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and regression equations were used to analyze the relationship between active ingredients and appearance color of pericarp and kernel of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）. OPLS-DA method was used to compare quality differences between peel and kernel to identify quality markers.

Results

A total of 78 chemical constituents were identified in the volatile oil of Gardenia jasminoides, with aldehydes comprising the largest proportion, followed by lipids, and phenols in the lowest amount. The total content of9 chemical constituents in the pericarp and kernel varied significantly, with mass fractions of 10.781% and 20.276% respectively. The total sum of the 9 chemical compositions in the kernel was approximately double that of the pericarp, and the gardenia glycoside content in the kernel was about 9 times higher than that in the pericarp. The correlation and regression analysis results indicated that in the pericarp, in addition to Geniposidic Acid, eight other chemical constituents were positively correlated with a* and negatively correlated with b*. Among these, saffron Crocetin-Ⅰ, Crocetin, Gardenoside, Genipin-1-b-D-gentiobioside and Geniposide were positively correlated with L*. However, the kernel of nine chemical constituents showed a non-significant correlation with L*. Additionally, a* was positively correlated with a* and negatively correlated with b*, showing a significant regression relationship. OPLS-DA categorized the pericarp and kernel and identified L*, Geniposide, Gardenoside, Genipin-1-b-D-gentiobioside and Geniposidic Acid as the markers influencing herb quality.

Conclusion

To fully utilize Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）resources, the research is essential for quality evaluation and development, providing a scientific basis for Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）.

, authors=Pei CHEN1, Shujuan XUE1, 2, Conglong LIAN1, 2, Zhe LIU1, Chenxi BU1, Geigei WU1, Suiqing CHEN1, 2, authorsList=Pei CHEN, Shujuan XUE, Conglong LIAN, Zhe LIU, Chenxi BU, Geigei WU, Suiqing CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Suiqing CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1317115250885898361, articleId=1317115250332250231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=基于GC-MS和HPLC-电子眼联用技术的唐栀子药材质量分析, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探究唐河栀子挥发油成分组成和不同颜色与不同部位果皮、果仁药材质量差异，为唐河栀子质量评价及开发利用提供参考依据。

方法

通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪（Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer，GC-MS）结合保留指数（Retention Index，RI）法解析栀子挥发油成分组成；采用HPLC检测西红花苷-Ⅰ、西红花苷-Ⅱ、西红花苷-Ⅳ、藏红花酸、西红花苷-Ⅲ含量（检测波长为440 nm），京尼平苷酸、山栀苷B、京尼平龙胆双糖苷、栀子苷含量（检测波长为240 nm）9种化学成分含量，以Agilent Extend-C18柱为色谱柱，乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相，梯度洗脱；利用电子眼技术，引入色度值（L*、a*、b*）量化栀子果皮、果仁不同外观颜色；通过聚类分析进行初步分类，结合皮尔逊相关性分析和回归方程分析唐河栀子果皮、果仁有效成分与外观颜色之间关系；运用正交偏最小二乘判别分析法（Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis，OPLS-DA）进一步比较果皮、果仁质量差异，寻找质量差异性标志物。

结果

栀子挥发油共鉴定出的78个化学成分，其中醛类占比最大、脂类其次、酚类最低。果皮、果仁9种化学成分总含量差异较大，质量分数分别为10.781%、20.276%。果仁9种化学成分质量分数总和约为果皮的2倍，栀子仁中栀子苷总含量约为栀子皮的9倍。相关性与回归分析结果显示果皮中除京尼平苷酸外，其他8种化学成分与a*呈正相关，与b*呈负相关，具有显著回归关系，其中西红花苷-Ⅰ、藏红花酸、山栀苷B、京尼平龙胆双糖苷、栀子苷与L*呈正相关，具有显著回归关系，果仁9种化学成分均与L*无显著相关性，与a*呈正相关，与b*呈负相关，具有显著回归关系；OPLS-DA将果皮、果仁区分为两类，筛选出L*、栀子苷、山栀苷B、京尼平龙胆双糖苷、京尼平苷酸为影响药材质量的差异标志物。

结论

对唐河栀子研究可充分扩大利用唐栀子资源，可为唐河栀子质量评价及开发利用提供科学依据。

, authors=陈培1, 薛淑娟1, 2, 练从龙1, 2, 刘哲1, 布晨希1, 吴给给1, 陈随清1, 2, authorsList=陈培, 薛淑娟, 练从龙, 刘哲, 布晨希, 吴给给, 陈随清, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=陈随清, authorNote=

陈培（2000-），男，河南南阳人，硕士在读，研究方向：中药鉴定、资源与评价。

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陈随清（1965-），男，河南濮阳人，教授，博士研究生导师，博士，研究方向：中药品种整理与质量标准。E-mail: 。
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陈培（2000-），男，河南南阳人，硕士在读，研究方向：中药鉴定、资源与评价。

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陈培（2000-），男，河南南阳人，硕士在读，研究方向：中药鉴定、资源与评价。

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基于GC-MS和HPLC-电子眼联用技术的唐栀子药材质量分析
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陈培 1 , 薛淑娟 1, 2 , 练从龙 1, 2 , 刘哲 1 , 布晨希 1 , 吴给给 1 , 陈随清 1, 2
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2026,44(4): 164-173
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中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2026 , 44 (4) : 164 -173
基于GC-MS和HPLC-电子眼联用技术的唐栀子药材质量分析
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陈培（2000-），男，河南南阳人，硕士在读，研究方向：中药鉴定、资源与评价。

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陈培（2000-），男，河南南阳人，硕士在读，研究方向：中药鉴定、资源与评价。

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陈培1, 薛淑娟1, 2, 练从龙1, 2, 刘哲1, 布晨希1, 吴给给1, 陈随清1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.河南中医药大学药学院，河南 郑州 450046
  • 2.豫药全产业链研发河南省协同创新中心，河南 郑州 450046
通讯作者:
陈随清（1965-），男，河南濮阳人，教授，博士研究生导师，博士，研究方向：中药品种整理与质量标准。E-mail: 。
作者简介:

陈培（2000-），男，河南南阳人，硕士在读，研究方向：中药鉴定、资源与评价。

Quality Analysis of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）Based on GC-MS and HPLC-Electronic Eye
Pei CHEN1, Shujuan XUE1, 2, Conglong LIAN1, 2, Zhe LIU1, Chenxi BU1, Geigei WU1, Suiqing CHEN1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
  • 2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
出版时间: 2026-04-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2026.04.034
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摘要
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目的

探究唐河栀子挥发油成分组成和不同颜色与不同部位果皮、果仁药材质量差异，为唐河栀子质量评价及开发利用提供参考依据。

方法

通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪（Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer，GC-MS）结合保留指数（Retention Index，RI）法解析栀子挥发油成分组成；采用HPLC检测西红花苷-Ⅰ、西红花苷-Ⅱ、西红花苷-Ⅳ、藏红花酸、西红花苷-Ⅲ含量（检测波长为440 nm），京尼平苷酸、山栀苷B、京尼平龙胆双糖苷、栀子苷含量（检测波长为240 nm）9种化学成分含量，以Agilent Extend-C18柱为色谱柱，乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相，梯度洗脱；利用电子眼技术，引入色度值（L*、a*、b*）量化栀子果皮、果仁不同外观颜色；通过聚类分析进行初步分类，结合皮尔逊相关性分析和回归方程分析唐河栀子果皮、果仁有效成分与外观颜色之间关系；运用正交偏最小二乘判别分析法（Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis，OPLS-DA）进一步比较果皮、果仁质量差异，寻找质量差异性标志物。

结果

栀子挥发油共鉴定出的78个化学成分，其中醛类占比最大、脂类其次、酚类最低。果皮、果仁9种化学成分总含量差异较大，质量分数分别为10.781%、20.276%。果仁9种化学成分质量分数总和约为果皮的2倍，栀子仁中栀子苷总含量约为栀子皮的9倍。相关性与回归分析结果显示果皮中除京尼平苷酸外，其他8种化学成分与a*呈正相关，与b*呈负相关，具有显著回归关系，其中西红花苷-Ⅰ、藏红花酸、山栀苷B、京尼平龙胆双糖苷、栀子苷与L*呈正相关，具有显著回归关系，果仁9种化学成分均与L*无显著相关性，与a*呈正相关，与b*呈负相关，具有显著回归关系；OPLS-DA将果皮、果仁区分为两类，筛选出L*、栀子苷、山栀苷B、京尼平龙胆双糖苷、京尼平苷酸为影响药材质量的差异标志物。

结论

对唐河栀子研究可充分扩大利用唐栀子资源，可为唐河栀子质量评价及开发利用提供科学依据。

唐栀子  /  GC-MS  /  HPLC  /  电子眼技术  /  成分分析  /  质量评价
Objective

To explore the volatile oil components and quality differences in color and parts of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）. This research provided a reference for evaluating the quality and utilizing of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）.

Methods

GC-MS combined with retention index（RI）was used to analyze volatile oil components of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）. HPLC method detected the contents of Crocetin-Ⅰ, Crocetin-Ⅱ, Crocetin-Ⅳ, Crocetin, Crocetin-Ⅲ（at 440 nm）, Geniposidic Acid, Gardenoside, Genipin-1-b-D-gentiobioside and Geniposide（at 240 nm）. Agilent Extend-C18 column was used as the chromatographic column, with acetonitrile -0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. Electronic eye technology quantified pericarp and kernel of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）based on chromaticity value（L*, a*, b*）. Cluster analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and regression equations were used to analyze the relationship between active ingredients and appearance color of pericarp and kernel of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）. OPLS-DA method was used to compare quality differences between peel and kernel to identify quality markers.

Results

A total of 78 chemical constituents were identified in the volatile oil of Gardenia jasminoides, with aldehydes comprising the largest proportion, followed by lipids, and phenols in the lowest amount. The total content of9 chemical constituents in the pericarp and kernel varied significantly, with mass fractions of 10.781% and 20.276% respectively. The total sum of the 9 chemical compositions in the kernel was approximately double that of the pericarp, and the gardenia glycoside content in the kernel was about 9 times higher than that in the pericarp. The correlation and regression analysis results indicated that in the pericarp, in addition to Geniposidic Acid, eight other chemical constituents were positively correlated with a* and negatively correlated with b*. Among these, saffron Crocetin-Ⅰ, Crocetin, Gardenoside, Genipin-1-b-D-gentiobioside and Geniposide were positively correlated with L*. However, the kernel of nine chemical constituents showed a non-significant correlation with L*. Additionally, a* was positively correlated with a* and negatively correlated with b*, showing a significant regression relationship. OPLS-DA categorized the pericarp and kernel and identified L*, Geniposide, Gardenoside, Genipin-1-b-D-gentiobioside and Geniposidic Acid as the markers influencing herb quality.

Conclusion

To fully utilize Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）resources, the research is essential for quality evaluation and development, providing a scientific basis for Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）.

Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）  /  GC-MS  /  HPLC  /  electronic-eye technology  /  compositional analysis  /  quality evaluation
陈培, 薛淑娟, 练从龙, 刘哲, 布晨希, 吴给给, 陈随清. 基于GC-MS和HPLC-电子眼联用技术的唐栀子药材质量分析. 中华中医药学刊, 2026 , 44 (4) : 164 -173 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2026.04.034
Pei CHEN, Shujuan XUE, Conglong LIAN, Zhe LIU, Chenxi BU, Geigei WU, Suiqing CHEN. Quality Analysis of Tangzhizi（Gardeniae Fructus）Based on GC-MS and HPLC-Electronic Eye[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2026 , 44 (4) : 164 -173 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2026.04.034
基金
收起
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(81973477)
  • 河南省重大科技专项(221100310400)
  • 河南省创新生态支持专项(财科〔2024〕8号)
  • 中央和省级财政林业项目储备库入库项目(豫财环资〔2024〕47号)
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2026年第44卷第4期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2026.04.034
  • 首发时间：2026-10-14
  • 出版时间：2026-04-10
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81973477)
河南省重大科技专项(221100310400)
河南省创新生态支持专项(财科〔2024〕8号)
中央和省级财政林业项目储备库入库项目(豫财环资〔2024〕47号)
作者信息
    1.河南中医药大学药学院，河南 郑州 450046
    2.豫药全产业链研发河南省协同创新中心，河南 郑州 450046

通讯作者:

陈随清（1965-），男，河南濮阳人，教授，博士研究生导师，博士，研究方向：中药品种整理与质量标准。E-mail: 。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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