Article(id=1256183361220035369, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1256183358493679805, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.12.032, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1777427052072, onlineDateStr=2026-04-29, pubDate=1765296000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1777427052072, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1777427052072, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1777427052072, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1256183358493679805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1777427051344, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1777427760067, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1256186331126969089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1256183358493679805, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1256186331126969090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1256183358493679805, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=183, endPage=189, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1256183363644343092, articleId=1256183361220035369, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Exploring Mechanism of Wendantang Huacaifang Based on Energy Metabolic Pathway in Treatment of Phlegm-Turbid and Blood-Stasis Type of PAF Rats, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To study the effect of Wendantang Huacaifang(WDTHCF)on atrial energy metabolic remodeling in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF)rats based on fatty acid metabolic pathway.

Methods

Male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into the normal group,the model group,the WDTHCF low,medium and high dose groups,and the amiodarone hydrochloride group,and the PAF model was induced by using Ach-CaCl2.After the model was successfully established,the WDTHCF low,medium and high dose groups and amiodarone hydrochloride were given by gavage.The duration of atrial fibrillation was monitored using electrocardiography.The formation of atrial lipid droplets was detected by oil-red O staining.The contents of free fatty acid(FFA)and triglyceride(TG)of atrial tissues were detected.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of aAMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase(ACC),carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1B(CPT-1B),fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36(FAT/CD36),fatty acid transport protein(FATP)and fatty acid binding protein 3(FABP3).Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of AMPK,p-AMPK,ACC,p-ACC and CPT-1B and immunohistochemistry method was used to detect myocardial translocation of atrial FAT/CD36.

Results

Compared with the normal group,the rats in themodel group showed increased duration of AF(P<0.05),elevated contents of FFA and TG in the atria(P<0.05),significant lipid droplet formation in the atria,decreased mRNA expressions of AMPK,ACC,CPT-1B,FAT/CD36,FATP and FABP3(P<0.05),and decreased atrial tissue AMPK phosphorylation,ACC phosphorylation and relative protein expression of CPT-1B were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the membrane translocation of FAT/CD36 in the atria was reduced(P<0.05).After treatment with WDTHCF,PAF duration was shortened(P<0.05),and the contents of FFA and TG in the atria decreased(P<0.05),lipid droplet formation in atria decreased,the mRNA expressions of AMPK,ACC,CPT-1B,FAT/CD36,FATP and FABP3 in atrial tissues were elevated(P<0.05),and the relative protein expressions of AMPK phosphorylation,ACC phosphorylation and CPT-1B in atrial tissues were elevated(P<0.05),and the membrane translocation of FAT/CD36 in atria was increased.

Conclusion

WDTHCF improved atrial energy metabolic remodeling in phlegm-turbid and bloodstasis type of PAF rats through AMPK regulating the ACC/CPT-1Bmediated fatty acid metabolism pathway.

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目的

基于能量代谢途径探讨温胆汤化裁方治疗阵发性房颤(paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,PAF)大鼠的作用机制。

方法

选取雄性SD大鼠,随机分为正常组,模型组,温胆汤化裁方低、中、高剂量组,盐酸胺碘酮组,使用Ach-CaCl2诱导PAF模型;造模成功后,给予温胆汤化裁方低、中、高剂量及盐酸胺碘酮灌胃治疗。使用心电图监测房颤持续时间;油红O染色检测心房脂滴形成情况;检测心房组织游离脂肪酸(free fatty acid,FFA)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)含量;RT-qPCR法检测AMP活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(acetyl CoA carboxylase,ACC)、肉碱棕榈酰基转移酶1B(carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1B,CPT-1B)、脂肪酸转位酶(fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36,FAT/CD36)、脂肪酸转运蛋白(fatty acid transport protein,FATP)、心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(fatty acid binding protein 3,FABP3)的mRNA表达;Western blot法检测AMPK、p-AMPK、ACC、p-ACC、CPT-1B蛋白表达;免疫组化检测心房FAT/CD36的肌膜易位情况。

结果

与正常组相比,模型组大鼠心房颤动持续时间增加(P<0.05),心房中FFA、TG含量升高(P<0.05),心房有明显的脂滴形成,p-AMPK、ACC、CPT-1B、FAT/CD36、FATP、FABP3的mRNA表达降低(P<0.05),心房组织p-AMPK、p-ACC、CPT-1B的相对蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05),心房中FAT/CD36的膜易位减少(P<0.05);温胆汤化裁方治疗后,PAF持续时间缩短(P<0.05),心房中FFA、TG含量下降(P<0.05),心房中脂滴形成减少,心房组织AMPK、ACC、CPT-1B、FAT/CD36、FATP、FABP3的mRNA表达升高(P<0.05),心房组织p-AMPK、p-ACC、CPT-1B的蛋白表达升高(P<0.05),心房中FAT/CD36的膜易位增加。

结论

温胆汤化裁方通过AMPK调控ACC/CPT-1B介导的脂肪酸代谢途径改善痰浊血瘀型PAF大鼠的心房能量代谢重构。

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宫丽鸿(1970-),女,辽宁沈阳人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管病。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=6KVHBa8krAejWzbeA1Kppg==, magXml=ARTU6ebQU06qgCOdWSmjlw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=x179Bs99ub+YPQ100r65PQ==, pdfFileSize=3762051, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=GrW/Ra74kx0uoyEthPxklA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=dO0q0Nc31dwOzTIf8WHkVw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

颜晓睿(1989-),女,辽宁沈阳人,实验师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管病。

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颜晓睿(1989-),女,辽宁沈阳人,实验师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管病。

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颜晓睿(1989-),女,辽宁沈阳人,实验师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管病。

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Nat Commun202011(1):5661., articleTitle=FABP3-mediated membrane lipid saturation alters fluidity and induces ER stress in skeletalmuscle with aging, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256183472780133359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=24, issue=3, pageStart=38, pageEnd=39, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=杨杏林, journalName=中医文献杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨杏林. 治心悸当重痰瘀[J]. 中医文献杂志200624(3):38-39., articleTitle=治心悸当重痰瘀, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256183473983898624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=12, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=仝小林, journalName=脾瘅新论:代谢综合征的中医认识及治疗, refType=null, unstructuredReference=仝小林. 脾瘅新论:代谢综合征的中医认识及治疗[M]. 北京:中国中医药出版社,2018:12., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256183474877284367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=63, issue=4, pageStart=307, pageEnd=311, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=李明珠, 陈谦峰, 陶文娟, journalName=中医杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李明珠,陈谦峰,陶文娟,. 基于“膏脂”生理特点与病理变化探析慢性代谢性疾病的防治[J]. 中医杂志202263(4):307-311., articleTitle=基于“膏脂”生理特点与病理变化探析慢性代谢性疾病的防治, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256183475657424919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=8, pageStart=3699, pageEnd=3702, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=李明轩, 李红典, 刘红旭, journalName=中华中医药杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李明轩,李红典,刘红旭,. 基于“膏脂生邪”探讨非瓣膜性房颤的诊疗思路[J]. 中华中医药杂志202338(8):3699-3702., articleTitle=基于“膏脂生邪”探讨非瓣膜性房颤的诊疗思路, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256183476139769887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=81, issue=12, pageStart=1749, pageEnd=1757, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=HARADA M, MELKA J, SOBUE Y, journalName=Circ J, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HARADA M,MELKA J,SOBUE Y,et al. Metabolic considerations in atrial fibrillation-mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities[J]. Circ J201781(12):1749-1757., articleTitle=Metabolic considerations in atrial fibrillation-mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256183476978630706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=18, issue=1, pageStart=109, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=BAIF, LIU Y Z, TU T, journalName=Lipids Health Dis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BAIF,LIU Y Z,TU T,et al. Metformin regulates lipid metabolism in a canine model of atrial fibrillation through AMPK/PPAR-α/VLCAD pathway[J]. Lipids Health Dis201918(1):109., articleTitle=Metformin regulates lipid metabolism in a canine model of atrial fibrillation through AMPK/PPAR-α/VLCAD pathway, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1256183444263060032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, awardId=JDZX2015033, language=CN, fundingSource=国家中医药管理局临床基地项目(JDZX2015033), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1256183445085143631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, awardId=2022JH2/101300086, language=CN, fundingSource=辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2022JH2/101300086), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1256183446699950691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, awardId=21601A10881, language=CN, fundingSource=辽宁省教育厅高校基金项目(21601A10881), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1256183378471207861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256183378517345209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, companyId=1256183378471207861, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256183378752226235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, companyId=1256183378471207861, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847)]), AuthorCompany(id=1256183379280708548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256183379310068678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, companyId=1256183379280708548, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256183379561726919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, companyId=1256183379280708548, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1256183412839334159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=hqS3xuK0ENXQdaj+T2b7Ow==, figureFileBig=GrW/Ra74kx0uoyEthPxklA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183414387032351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=图1, caption=各组大鼠心电图情况, figureFileSmall=hqS3xuK0ENXQdaj+T2b7Ow==, figureFileBig=GrW/Ra74kx0uoyEthPxklA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183416949752126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=xTC7NB+eKHV0Uvm/iqDn0g==, figureFileBig=0NXkRhgV1wZxadNXEO+9Rw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183418157711688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组大鼠心房油红O染色情况(200×), figureFileSmall=xTC7NB+eKHV0Uvm/iqDn0g==, figureFileBig=0NXkRhgV1wZxadNXEO+9Rw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183419554414939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=CQzFoZpIcI82+YIVOV6vyQ==, figureFileBig=6UNrC+HI86NcjNV/CHfOpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183421999694188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=图3, caption=各组大鼠心房FFA、TG的含量

注:#与正常组比较,P<0.05;*与模型组比较,P<0.05;□与胺碘酮组比较,P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=CQzFoZpIcI82+YIVOV6vyQ==, figureFileBig=6UNrC+HI86NcjNV/CHfOpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183422536565106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=VDjyQ2eUjhcBsTDb38Qv2A==, figureFileBig=MIDsnWNU29WZmnABVqQivA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183423765496195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=图4, caption=各组大鼠AMPK、ACC、CPT-1B、FAT/CD36、FATP、FABP3的mRNA表达

注:#与正常组比较,P<0.05;*与模型组比较,P<0.05;**与模型组比较,P<0.01;□与盐酸胺碘酮组比较,P<0.05,△P>0.05。

, figureFileSmall=VDjyQ2eUjhcBsTDb38Qv2A==, figureFileBig=MIDsnWNU29WZmnABVqQivA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183425703264657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=6HWal9yh8C+VwvnoSGdRtQ==, figureFileBig=ezux3sicaxhCRmzdOr3r+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183426969944477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=图5, caption=各组大鼠脂肪酸氧化关键酶的蛋白表达

注:A.正常组,B.模型组,C.WDTHCF低剂量组,D.WDTHCF中剂量组,E.WDTHCF高剂量组,F.盐酸胺碘酮组;#与正常组比较,P<0.05;*与模型组比较,P<0.05;□与盐酸胺碘酮组比较,P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=6HWal9yh8C+VwvnoSGdRtQ==, figureFileBig=ezux3sicaxhCRmzdOr3r+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183427863331236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=WnvL1YV4k15hYrN7ANeAzA==, figureFileBig=J6mddb6dQ5/3Fmt4wFe4Gw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183429486526893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=图6, caption=各组大鼠心房FAT/CD36膜易位结果比较(200×), figureFileSmall=WnvL1YV4k15hYrN7ANeAzA==, figureFileBig=J6mddb6dQ5/3Fmt4wFe4Gw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256183430367330739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nAF 持续时间
正常组20-
模型组1423.17±3.95#
WDTHCF低剂量组1318.31±5.40#△
WDTHCF中剂量组1317.06±6.18#*△
WDTHCF高剂量组1414.36±4.89#*△
盐酸胺碘酮组1219.22±4.38#
), ArticleFig(id=1256183431352992190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各组大鼠AF持续时间(

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nAF 持续时间
正常组20-
模型组1423.17±3.95#
WDTHCF低剂量组1318.31±5.40#△
WDTHCF中剂量组1317.06±6.18#*△
WDTHCF高剂量组1414.36±4.89#*△
盐酸胺碘酮组1219.22±4.38#
), ArticleFig(id=1256183432045052358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nFFA含量TG 含量
正常组60.048±0.010.041±0.002
模型组60.078±0.005#0.075±0.009#
WDTHCF低剂量组60.067±0.0020.044±0.011*□
WDTHCF中剂量组60.057±0.012*0.043±0.023*□
WDTHCF高剂量组60.053±0.015*□0.042±0.019*□
盐酸胺碘酮组60.074±0.034#0.081±0.033#
), ArticleFig(id=1256183432657420752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组大鼠FFA、TG含量比较(

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nFFA含量TG 含量
正常组60.048±0.010.041±0.002
模型组60.078±0.005#0.075±0.009#
WDTHCF低剂量组60.067±0.0020.044±0.011*□
WDTHCF中剂量组60.057±0.012*0.043±0.023*□
WDTHCF高剂量组60.053±0.015*□0.042±0.019*□
盐酸胺碘酮组60.074±0.034#0.081±0.033#
), ArticleFig(id=1256183434511303132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nAMPKACCCPT-1 BFAT/CD36FATPFABP3
正常组31.00±0.541.02±0.241.000±0.0321.000±0.0450.630±0.0191.000±0.07
模型组30.07±0.01#0.08±0.02#0.006 5±0.001 3#0.028±0.002#0.006 7±0.000 2#0.039±0.007#
WDTHCF低剂量组30.23±0.06#0.47±0.08#*0.141±0.01#*□0.181±0.018#**□0.077±0.011#**□1.796±0.110#**□
WDTHCF中剂量组30.83±0.04*0.46±0.12#*0.104±0.008#*□0.126±0.017#△0.012±0.000 5#△1.900±0.162#**□
WDTHCF高剂量组30.70±0.03*0.67±0.11#*0.139±0.01#*□0.180±0.082#**□0.15±0.04#**□1.196±0.445**□
盐酸胺碘酮组30.43±0.020.51±0.08#*0.033±0.004#0.064±0.028#0.014±0.002 5#0.640±0.052*
), ArticleFig(id=1256183436197413351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各组大鼠AMPK、ACC、CPT-1 B、FAT/CD36、FATP、FABP3的mRNA相对表达量比较(2-△△CT

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nAMPKACCCPT-1 BFAT/CD36FATPFABP3
正常组31.00±0.541.02±0.241.000±0.0321.000±0.0450.630±0.0191.000±0.07
模型组30.07±0.01#0.08±0.02#0.006 5±0.001 3#0.028±0.002#0.006 7±0.000 2#0.039±0.007#
WDTHCF低剂量组30.23±0.06#0.47±0.08#*0.141±0.01#*□0.181±0.018#**□0.077±0.011#**□1.796±0.110#**□
WDTHCF中剂量组30.83±0.04*0.46±0.12#*0.104±0.008#*□0.126±0.017#△0.012±0.000 5#△1.900±0.162#**□
WDTHCF高剂量组30.70±0.03*0.67±0.11#*0.139±0.01#*□0.180±0.082#**□0.15±0.04#**□1.196±0.445**□
盐酸胺碘酮组30.43±0.020.51±0.08#*0.033±0.004#0.064±0.028#0.014±0.002 5#0.640±0.052*
), ArticleFig(id=1256183437606699508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因引物序列
AMPKF:TCATGTTTTCTCTCGCAGGTR:CGTCCAACCTTCCATTTTTACAG
ACCF:GAAAAGCGATTCCCATCCGCR:CATTCCATGCAGTGGTCCCT
CPT-1BF:TCGAGTTCAGAAACGAACGCR:GTGTGTCTCCTGGTCTCAGC
FAT/CD36F:GTCCTTACACATACAGAGTTCGTTAR:TGCCACAGCCAGATTGAGAA
FATPF:GGGCGTGGGACAGTGTATCATCR:CTTAGCAGGTAGCGGCATATTTCAC
FABP3F:CGCCTGCTCTCTTGTAGCTTR:AACCCACACCGAGTGACTTC
β-actinF:CACCCGCGAGTACAACCTTCR:CCCATACCCACCATCACACC
), ArticleFig(id=1256183438713995776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

qPCR引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因引物序列
AMPKF:TCATGTTTTCTCTCGCAGGTR:CGTCCAACCTTCCATTTTTACAG
ACCF:GAAAAGCGATTCCCATCCGCR:CATTCCATGCAGTGGTCCCT
CPT-1BF:TCGAGTTCAGAAACGAACGCR:GTGTGTCTCCTGGTCTCAGC
FAT/CD36F:GTCCTTACACATACAGAGTTCGTTAR:TGCCACAGCCAGATTGAGAA
FATPF:GGGCGTGGGACAGTGTATCATCR:CTTAGCAGGTAGCGGCATATTTCAC
FABP3F:CGCCTGCTCTCTTGTAGCTTR:AACCCACACCGAGTGACTTC
β-actinF:CACCCGCGAGTACAACCTTCR:CCCATACCCACCATCACACC
), ArticleFig(id=1256183439624159752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别np-AMPK/AMPKp-ACC/ACCCPT-1 B/β-Actin
正常组30.47±0.070.65±0.060.65±0.05
模型组30.11±0.01#0.21±0.02#0.20±0.06#
WDTHCF低剂量组30.37±0.02*□0.33±0.05#0.45±0.07#*
WDTHCF中剂量组30.39±0.01*□0.54±0.13*0.48±0.09*
WDTHCF高剂量组30.44±0.08*□0.53±0.07*0.54±0.06*
盐酸胺碘酮组30.18±0.050.49±0.05*0.53±0.10*
), ArticleFig(id=1256183440278471184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

各组大鼠心房组织p-AMPK/AMPK、p-ACC/ACC、CPT-1 B/β-Actin的相对蛋白灰度值(

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别np-AMPK/AMPKp-ACC/ACCCPT-1 B/β-Actin
正常组30.47±0.070.65±0.060.65±0.05
模型组30.11±0.01#0.21±0.02#0.20±0.06#
WDTHCF低剂量组30.37±0.02*□0.33±0.05#0.45±0.07#*
WDTHCF中剂量组30.39±0.01*□0.54±0.13*0.48±0.09*
WDTHCF高剂量组30.44±0.08*□0.53±0.07*0.54±0.06*
盐酸胺碘酮组30.18±0.050.49±0.05*0.53±0.10*
), ArticleFig(id=1256183441276715553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n肌膜FAT/CD36含量(
正常组334.63±2.36
模型组353.38±1.60#
WDTHCF低剂量组368.33±3.65#*
WDTHCF中剂量组371.48±1.19#*
WDTHCF高剂量组375.28±1.31#*
盐酸胺碘酮组363.31±0.44#*
), ArticleFig(id=1256183442090410534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1256183361220035369, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

各组大鼠心房肌膜FAT/CD36含量比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n肌膜FAT/CD36含量(
正常组334.63±2.36
模型组353.38±1.60#
WDTHCF低剂量组368.33±3.65#*
WDTHCF中剂量组371.48±1.19#*
WDTHCF高剂量组375.28±1.31#*
盐酸胺碘酮组363.31±0.44#*
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基于能量代谢途径探讨温胆汤化裁方治疗痰浊血瘀型阵发性房颤大鼠的作用机制
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颜晓睿 1 , 宫丽鸿 2 , 刘云褀 1 , 周锦涵 1 , 彭亮 1
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(12): 183-189
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中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025, 43(12): 183-189
基于能量代谢途径探讨温胆汤化裁方治疗痰浊血瘀型阵发性房颤大鼠的作用机制
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颜晓睿1, 宫丽鸿2 , 刘云褀1, 周锦涵1, 彭亮1
作者信息
  • 1.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847
  • 2.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032
  • 颜晓睿(1989-),女,辽宁沈阳人,实验师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管病。

通讯作者:

宫丽鸿(1970-),女,辽宁沈阳人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管病。E-mail:
Exploring Mechanism of Wendantang Huacaifang Based on Energy Metabolic Pathway in Treatment of Phlegm-Turbid and Blood-Stasis Type of PAF Rats
Xiaorui YAN1, Lihong GONG2 , Yunqi LIU1, Jinhan ZHOU1, Liang PENG1
Affiliations
  • 1.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China
  • 2.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China
出版时间: 2025-12-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.12.032
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目的

基于能量代谢途径探讨温胆汤化裁方治疗阵发性房颤(paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,PAF)大鼠的作用机制。

方法

选取雄性SD大鼠,随机分为正常组,模型组,温胆汤化裁方低、中、高剂量组,盐酸胺碘酮组,使用Ach-CaCl2诱导PAF模型;造模成功后,给予温胆汤化裁方低、中、高剂量及盐酸胺碘酮灌胃治疗。使用心电图监测房颤持续时间;油红O染色检测心房脂滴形成情况;检测心房组织游离脂肪酸(free fatty acid,FFA)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)含量;RT-qPCR法检测AMP活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(acetyl CoA carboxylase,ACC)、肉碱棕榈酰基转移酶1B(carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1B,CPT-1B)、脂肪酸转位酶(fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36,FAT/CD36)、脂肪酸转运蛋白(fatty acid transport protein,FATP)、心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(fatty acid binding protein 3,FABP3)的mRNA表达;Western blot法检测AMPK、p-AMPK、ACC、p-ACC、CPT-1B蛋白表达;免疫组化检测心房FAT/CD36的肌膜易位情况。

结果

与正常组相比,模型组大鼠心房颤动持续时间增加(P<0.05),心房中FFA、TG含量升高(P<0.05),心房有明显的脂滴形成,p-AMPK、ACC、CPT-1B、FAT/CD36、FATP、FABP3的mRNA表达降低(P<0.05),心房组织p-AMPK、p-ACC、CPT-1B的相对蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05),心房中FAT/CD36的膜易位减少(P<0.05);温胆汤化裁方治疗后,PAF持续时间缩短(P<0.05),心房中FFA、TG含量下降(P<0.05),心房中脂滴形成减少,心房组织AMPK、ACC、CPT-1B、FAT/CD36、FATP、FABP3的mRNA表达升高(P<0.05),心房组织p-AMPK、p-ACC、CPT-1B的蛋白表达升高(P<0.05),心房中FAT/CD36的膜易位增加。

结论

温胆汤化裁方通过AMPK调控ACC/CPT-1B介导的脂肪酸代谢途径改善痰浊血瘀型PAF大鼠的心房能量代谢重构。

阵发性心房颤动  /  能量代谢途径  /  脂肪酸代谢  /  温胆汤化裁方  /  痰瘀生风
Objective

To study the effect of Wendantang Huacaifang(WDTHCF)on atrial energy metabolic remodeling in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF)rats based on fatty acid metabolic pathway.

Methods

Male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into the normal group,the model group,the WDTHCF low,medium and high dose groups,and the amiodarone hydrochloride group,and the PAF model was induced by using Ach-CaCl2.After the model was successfully established,the WDTHCF low,medium and high dose groups and amiodarone hydrochloride were given by gavage.The duration of atrial fibrillation was monitored using electrocardiography.The formation of atrial lipid droplets was detected by oil-red O staining.The contents of free fatty acid(FFA)and triglyceride(TG)of atrial tissues were detected.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of aAMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase(ACC),carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1B(CPT-1B),fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36(FAT/CD36),fatty acid transport protein(FATP)and fatty acid binding protein 3(FABP3).Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of AMPK,p-AMPK,ACC,p-ACC and CPT-1B and immunohistochemistry method was used to detect myocardial translocation of atrial FAT/CD36.

Results

Compared with the normal group,the rats in themodel group showed increased duration of AF(P<0.05),elevated contents of FFA and TG in the atria(P<0.05),significant lipid droplet formation in the atria,decreased mRNA expressions of AMPK,ACC,CPT-1B,FAT/CD36,FATP and FABP3(P<0.05),and decreased atrial tissue AMPK phosphorylation,ACC phosphorylation and relative protein expression of CPT-1B were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the membrane translocation of FAT/CD36 in the atria was reduced(P<0.05).After treatment with WDTHCF,PAF duration was shortened(P<0.05),and the contents of FFA and TG in the atria decreased(P<0.05),lipid droplet formation in atria decreased,the mRNA expressions of AMPK,ACC,CPT-1B,FAT/CD36,FATP and FABP3 in atrial tissues were elevated(P<0.05),and the relative protein expressions of AMPK phosphorylation,ACC phosphorylation and CPT-1B in atrial tissues were elevated(P<0.05),and the membrane translocation of FAT/CD36 in atria was increased.

Conclusion

WDTHCF improved atrial energy metabolic remodeling in phlegm-turbid and bloodstasis type of PAF rats through AMPK regulating the ACC/CPT-1Bmediated fatty acid metabolism pathway.

paroxysmal atrial fibrillation  /  energy metabolism pathway  /  fatty acid metabolism  /  Wendantang Huacaifang(温胆汤化裁方)  /  phlegm and blood stasis producing wind
颜晓睿, 宫丽鸿, 刘云褀, 周锦涵, 彭亮. 基于能量代谢途径探讨温胆汤化裁方治疗痰浊血瘀型阵发性房颤大鼠的作用机制. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (12) : 183 -189 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.12.032
Xiaorui YAN, Lihong GONG, Yunqi LIU, Jinhan ZHOU, Liang PENG. Exploring Mechanism of Wendantang Huacaifang Based on Energy Metabolic Pathway in Treatment of Phlegm-Turbid and Blood-Stasis Type of PAF Rats[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (12) : 183 -189 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.12.032
心房颤动(atrial fibrillation,AF)简称房颤,是伴随严重并发症的室上性心律失常。目前我国75岁及以上人群患病率为10.3%,患病人数逐年增加,已成为我国公共卫生的沉重负担[1-2]。阵发性房颤(paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,PAF)是7 d内可自动终止或干预终止的房颤类型。目前缺少针对PAF的治疗方案,患者因PAF反复发作,饱受症状困扰,若PAF反复发作,病情严重可进展为持续性房颤或永久性房颤。目前西医治疗效果较差,中医药提取物或复方治疗日益受到重视,且患者临床症状改善明显,疗效较好。
研究发现,心房能量代谢重构与AF的反复发作密切相关[3-4]。心肌能量代谢是指心肌细胞通过代谢底物摄取、利用以及转移能量的过程。心脏维持收缩舒张功能需要的大量能量,大部分能量是由线粒体氧化磷酸化产生,脂肪酸是其主要代谢底物。代谢重构是指细胞在特定条件下,为了适应环境或生存而发生的代谢途径的调整及改变,AF发生时,正常能量代谢途径脂肪酸代谢减少,糖酵解代谢增加,长时间的代谢重构如不能及时纠正,可导致心肌结构异常和功能恶化,引起AF的病情发展[5-8]。目前对PAF的能量代谢变化研究较少,未见相关报道。
中医学认为PAF属于“心悸”“怔忡”等范畴,病位在心,现代人患病多与七情不郁、脾失健运密切相关,临床以痰浊血瘀型PAF多见,因此课题组结合中医理论及临床治疗经验,化裁《备急千金要方》温胆汤,临床治疗痰浊血瘀型PAF患者疗效显著[9-11]。前期研究证明,温胆汤化裁方(WDTHCF)可改善PAF大鼠心房结构重构、减少AF发作时长、改善钙调控紊乱等[12-14]。因此本研究复制痰浊血瘀型PAF大鼠模型,以能量代谢途径为切入点,探究温胆汤化裁方干预PAF的可能作用机制,为温胆汤化裁方的临床应用提供科学支撑。本研究通过辽宁中医药大学实验动物伦理委员会审查,伦理审查编号:21000042022075。
SPF级SD雄性大鼠120只,体质量(180±20)g,由辽宁长生生物技术有限公司提供,实验动物质量许可证号:SCXK(辽)2020-0001。于辽宁中医药大学实验动物中心饲养,每5只1笼饲养,室温22~24℃,湿度40% ~60%,自由进食、饮水,12 h/12 h昼夜交替。常规饲料[许可证号:SCXK(辽)2022-0001,沈阳茂华生物科技有限公司]。高脂饲料:胆固醇1%,猪油10%,蛋黄粉10%,胆盐0.5%,基础饲料78.5%[许可证号:SCXK(京)2018-0006,小黍有泰(北京)生物科技有限公司]。
温胆汤化裁方药用:陈皮15 g,丹参15 g,苦参15 g,黄芩15 g,半夏10 g,柴胡10 g,竹茹10 g,枳壳10 g,白芍15 g,桑寄生10 g,炙甘草10 g,僵蚕10 g,桂枝6 g等。由辽宁中医药大学附属医院熬制而成,4℃冰箱保存。盐酸胺碘酮片(规格:0.2 g×10片,国药准字:H1993254,赛诺菲制药有限公司)。
氯化乙酰胆碱(Ach,货号:60-31-1)、无水氯化钙(CaCl2,货号:10043-52-4),源叶生物科技有限公司;甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)测定试剂盒(南京建成生物工程研究所,货号:A110-11);游离脂肪酸(free fatty acid,FFA)测定试剂盒(南京建成生物工程研究所,货号:A042-21);总RNA提取试剂盒(北京索莱宝科技有限公司,货号:R1200);反转录试剂盒(Takara,货号:RR047A);Green premix EX TaqⅡ(Takara,货号:RR820A);蛋白上样缓冲液(上海碧云天生物技术有限公司,货号:P0015);AMP活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)抗体(美国Abcam公司,货号:ab32047);磷酸化AMP活化蛋白激酶(p-AMPK)(Affinity Biologicals公司,货号:AF3423);乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(acetyl CoA carboxylase,ACC)(美国Abcam公司,货号:ab45171);磷酸化乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(p-ACC)(美国Abcam公司,货号:ab68191);肉碱棕榈酰基转移酶1B(carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1B,CPT-1B)(Affinity Biologicals公司,货号:DF3904);β-actin抗体(美国SAB公司,货号:21338);脂肪酸转位酶(fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36,FAT/CD36)(美国 Abcam 公司,货号:ab252922);油红O改良试剂盒(北京索莱宝科技有限公司,货号:G1340);超敏SP(鼠/兔)试剂盒(迈新生物技术有限公司,货号:KIT-9710);DABX显色试剂盒(迈新生物技术有限公司,货号:DAB-0031)。
四通道多导生理采集分析系统[埃德仪器国际贸易(上海)有限公司,型号15T];高通量组织研磨仪(北京托摩根生物科技有限公司,型号CK1000D);多功能全波长酶标仪(美国MD,SpectraMaxi3);电热恒温水槽(上海精宏实验设备有限公司,DK-8B);微量冷冻离心机(美国Thermo,型号Sorvall ST16R);超微量紫外分光光度计(美国 Thermo,型号Nano2000);CFX Duet实时定量PCR系统(美国伯乐BIORAD,型号CFX Duet);梯度PCR仪(美国ABI,型号VERITI);通用型电泳仪(美国伯乐BIO-RAD,型号Powerpac Universal);冷冻超薄切片机(德国Leica,型号CM1850);数字切片扫描成像系统(德国Precipoint,型号M8)。
120只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,温胆汤化裁方(WOTHCF)低、中、高剂量组,盐酸胺碘酮组,每组20只。参照文献中的造模方法[15],将Ach(66μg/mL)和CaCl2(10 mg/mL)溶解在0.9%氯化钠注射液中,过滤后制备Ach(66μg/mL)-CaCl2(10 mg/mL)混合液,按0.1 mL/100 g剂量,给予除正常组以外的大鼠尾静脉注射,持续注射1周,诱导AF大鼠模型。正常组大鼠给予常规饲料喂养,其余组大鼠给予高脂饲料喂养。造模后评价模型成功标志:①心电图AF典型变化表现为P波消失,出现f波,RR间期绝对不等;②心肌有脂滴形成。
于AF造模成功后第2天开始,按临床等效剂量计算出大鼠用药剂量[16],每天灌胃AF大鼠温胆汤化裁方溶液3 mL,浓度分别为10.31、20.63、41.25 g/kg,盐酸胺碘酮组每天灌胃给药3 mL,第1周灌胃浓度为16.875 mg/kg,第2周灌胃浓度为11.25 mg/kg;正常组与模型组每日给予等体积的生理盐水灌胃。连续灌胃2周,灌胃期间除正常组外,其余各组持续进行Ach-CaCl2混合液尾静脉注射。
给药结束后,大鼠禁食禁水,第2天使用3%戊巴比妥钠麻醉后进行心电图检测。心电图检测显示AF的典型表现为P波消失,出现f波,RR间期绝对不等。当心电图检测显示:P波出现,f波消失,RR间期相同即停止记录心电图,该时间段为AF持续时间。
取大鼠心脏后,放入4%多聚甲醛中固定24 h以上,将心脏从4%多聚甲醛中取出后,放入15%蔗糖溶液中4℃冰箱内脱水沉底后,转入30%的蔗糖溶液内4℃冰箱脱水沉底。将脱水后的心脏取出,切取心房部分,修整后切面朝上放于样本托上,在组织周围滴加OCT包埋剂,将样本托放在冰冻切片机的速冻台上包埋,OCT变白变硬后,将样本托固定于切片机上开始切片,厚度为8μm,将干净的载玻片平放于组织片上制作冰冻切片。切片入70%的乙醇、去离子水漂洗。改良油红O试剂按比例混合配置,静置后将切片放入染色液中,密闭染色,再次经70%的乙醇、去离子水漂洗,Mayer苏木素染核,自来水漂洗返蓝,去离子水中漂洗,甘油明胶封片剂封片,显微镜下观察,拍照。
准确称取各组大鼠心房组织50 mg,按照质量(g)∶体积(mL)=1∶9的比例,加入9倍体积的生理盐水,制成10%的心房匀浆,离心,取上清液,在96孔板中添加标准品、样品、试剂,孵育,546 nm波长,酶标仪读取吸光度值。按照公式分别计算FFA含量(mmol/gprot)=(△A样本-△A空白)/(△A校准-△A空白)×C标准÷Cpr;TG含量(mmol/gprot)=(A样本-A空白)/(A校准-A空白)×C标准÷Cpr,对结果进行比较。
取-80℃冻存的心房组织,剪碎、加入裂解液,用组织研磨器匀浆处理,使用RNA提取试剂盒提取心房组织中的RNA,然后使用超微量紫外分光光度计测量RNA的浓度,随后使用反转录试剂盒,首先进行去除基因组DNA反应,于冰上配置反应混合液,最后加入RNA样品,室温反应;配置反转录反应液,于梯度PCR仪中进行反转录反应,反应完成后将得到的cDNA溶液;之后进行qPCR反应,配置PCR反应液,摇匀后放入CFX Duet实时定量PCR系统,采用两步法PCR反应程序,反应结束后得到PCR扩增曲线、溶解曲线,得到Cq值,对Cq值进行计算分析,对结果进行比较。
配置RIPA裂解液、蛋白酶抑制剂、磷酸酶抑制剂混合液,取50 mg心房组织放入混合液中,剪碎,裂解,高速离心后取上清液,提取总蛋白。使用BCA试剂盒测定各组上清液蛋白含量,加入蛋白上样缓冲液,高温蛋白变性,冷却后-20℃保存,待用。配制好SDS-PAGE胶进行蛋白电泳、转模、5%脱脂奶粉封闭、4℃下摇床一抗(AMPK、p-AMPK、ACC、p-ACC、CPT-1B)过夜孵育、0.1%TBST清洗、室温下摇床孵育二抗,按1∶1的比例将ECL发光剂中A液和B液混匀,在有蛋白面的膜贴敷ECL发光液,暗室内反应、曝光、显影、定影及胶片扫描,并使用Image J软件进行定量分析。
脱水、包埋、切片、制片、脱蜡,抗原修复、用PBS溶液洗涤,滴加内源性过氧化物酶阻断剂、孵育,用PBS溶液洗涤,滴加非特异性阻断剂,室温下孵育,一抗4℃冰箱内孵育过夜、洗涤,室温下孵育二抗、洗涤。滴加链霉素抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶、孵育、洗涤,DAB显色,苏木精染色,返蓝,梯度乙醇脱水、二甲苯透明;中性树脂封片,完全晾干后,显微镜下观察,拍照,阳性部位为黄色至棕褐色,每张玻片随机选取视野,使用Image J进行定量分析,数据表示为阳性染色区域占心肌细胞总面积的百分比的平均值。
使用SPSS 23.0进行统计学分析,通过GraphPad Prism 8.0软件进行结果可视化。结果 采用均数±标准差()表示,组间比较采用单因素方差分析,方差齐性者采用LSD检验方法,方差不齐者采用Tamhane's T2检验方法,P<0.05表示差异具有统计学意义。
动物造模过程中,模型组及温胆汤化裁方高剂量组大鼠死亡6只,温胆汤化裁方低、中剂量组各死亡7只,盐酸胺碘酮组死亡8只。模型组大鼠食欲差,体质量增长缓慢,眼睛无神,不爱活动,反应迟钝;注射后眼球出血,毛发粗糙无光泽,油腻杂乱;腹部膨大,粪便黄软或黄稀、量少,爪甲青紫。温胆汤化裁方各剂量组及盐酸胺碘酮组大鼠食欲恢复,体质量有所增加,活动有所恢复;注射后眼球出血减轻,毛发不油腻,略杂乱;腹部略膨大,粪便黄软。
表1、插页ⅩⅩⅪ图1所示。与正常组相比,模型组、温胆汤化裁方各剂量组及盐酸胺碘酮组均出现AF(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,温胆汤化裁方治疗后AF持续时间明显缩短(P<0.05),盐酸胺碘酮与温胆汤化裁方在缩短AF持续时间方面差异不明显(P>0.05)。
如插页ⅩⅩⅫ图2所示,油红O染色结果表明,模型组可见大量脂滴,提示心房中出现明显的脂质形成。温胆汤化裁方可显著减少心房中的脂滴,中剂量组及盐酸胺碘酮组效果最明显。
结果如表2图3所示,与正常组相比,模型组大鼠FFA、TG含量增加(P<0.05);与模型组相比,温胆汤化裁方能明显减少心房肌的FFA、TG含量,减少FFA、TG在心房中堆积(P<0.05);盐酸胺碘酮并不能使FFA、TG含量减少。
表3图4所示。与正常组相比,模型组AMPK、ACC、CPT-1B、FAT/CD36、FATP、FABP3的mRNA相对表达量明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,温胆汤化裁方组AMPK、ACC、CPT-1B、FAT/CD36、脂肪酸转运蛋白(fatty acid transport protein,FATP)、心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(fatty acid binding protein 3,FABP3)的mRNA相对表达明显升高(P<0.05)。引物序列见表4
表5图5所示。与正常组相比,模型组p-AMPK/AMPK、p-ACC/ACC、CPT-1B的蛋白表达下降(P<0.05);与模型组相比,温胆汤化裁方治疗后p-AMPK/AMPK、p-ACC/ACC、CPT-1B的蛋白表达升高(P<0.05),盐酸胺碘酮治疗后p-ACC/ACC、CPT-1B的蛋白表达升高(P<0.05)。
实验结果表明,与正常组相比,模型组、温胆汤化裁方组及盐酸胺碘酮组大鼠心房肌膜FAT/CD36含量增加(P<0.05);与模型组相比,温胆汤化裁方及盐酸胺碘酮能明显增加肌膜FAT/CD36含量(P<0.05),使心房肌细胞质膜上的FAT/CD36向细胞膜表面移动增多,摄取FFA并与之结合,转运FFA跨膜,进入心房肌细胞内进行脂肪酸代谢。结果 如表6、插页ⅩⅩⅩⅢ图6所示。
PAF的早期临床治疗对延缓患者的病情发展是具有临床意义的。PAF病程1年时进展为持续性AF的发生率为8%,在病程为5年时发生率为24%[17]。首次出现PAF后10年时,大于50%的患者会进展为持续性AF[18]。加拿大单中心564例患者10年随访的研究显示,11%的将要进行导管消融的PAF患者在6~14个月内可进展为持续性AF[19]。GUNAWARDENE M A等[20]认为PAF的病程进展与心血管不良后果,比如脑卒中、血栓栓塞和心力衰竭密切相关。因此,早期治疗PAF是AF治疗的基石。最近的随机试验表明,早期心律控制可以有效地维持窦性心律,降低心血管事件风险,并且可以有效地延缓AF的进展。
大量研究表明,心房代谢重构在AF的发生发展中发挥重要作用[21],正常情况下,心脏的能量代谢底物为FFA,当AF发生时,心肌快速收缩舒张,会消耗大量的O2和ATP,为了更省O2,心脏代谢网络发生动态变化,从FFA氧化转移到糖酵解,因此脂肪酸代谢下降、脂肪酸氧化减少[22-23],同时脂肪酸代谢关键酶大部分下调,比如 AMPK、CPT-1B、FAT/CD36等[24-25]。跨膜糖蛋白受体FAT/CD36在心肌中促进细胞对长链脂肪酸的摄取,介导脂肪酸信号转导,在调控心肌脂肪酸代谢平衡中发挥重要作用[26]。心肌细胞内的FAT/CD36易位伴随着FFA的细胞内运输增加[27]。FATP是一种膜蛋白,存在于参与游离脂肪酸代谢组织的质膜上。FAT/CD36可能会将游离脂肪酸直接传递给FATP,使其通过质膜运输。FABP3是一种调节游离脂肪酸代谢的脂质“伴侣”,在细胞内参与对游离脂肪酸的吸收,FABP可与游离脂肪酸的疏水配体结合,并将游离脂肪酸运送到各个细胞器进行代谢,比如线粒体[28]
PAF属中医学“心悸”“怔忡”范畴,中医学认为PAF辨证以痰瘀多见,即使有气血不足者,也多伴有痰湿、瘀血内阻,治疗心悸时,重视祛痰、化瘀能明显提高疗效[29]。现代中医学认为脂类、蛋白质等微观层面的精微物质属于“膏脂”,循行于血脉之中[30],荣养四肢百骸、濡润脏腑,维持人体的正常生理功能,是能量代谢的重要组成部分[31]。《灵枢·卫气失常》曰:“人有脂、有膏、有肉”。《灵枢·五癃津液别》中有“五谷之津液,和合而为膏者,内渗于骨空,补益脑髓,而下流于阴股”。心为君主之官,心主血脉、主藏神,膏脂代谢正常可滋养心脏,维系心的正常功能。“膏脂”代谢失常,可产生湿、浊、痰、瘀等病邪。脾胃调控“膏脂”精微的化生输布。脾胃受损,则脾的运化和转输功能受到妨碍,则痰浊内生,痰浊日久成瘀,停于血脉、官窍等处。心为血脉汇聚之处,“膏脂”停积,化痰生瘀,瘀而生热,且心为阳脏,易生热邪,两热相合,化热生风,风胜则动,可引起AF;加之“膏脂”痰瘀黏腻重着,日久则改变心之形质,影响心之正常基质及代谢,心神受损,也可引起AF[32],则出现心悸时发时止,止无定数的主要临床表现,兼有胸闷气短、失眠乏力等症,脉弦滑或结代。温胆汤化裁方中有半夏、陈皮可燥湿化痰;黄芩、竹茹、苦参可清热燥湿、化痰降气;丹参可养血活血、祛瘀通络,配伍僵蚕共奏熄风通络之功;柴胡、枳壳可疏肝理气化痰;白芍养阴柔肝养血,可抑制肝风,舒畅气机;桑寄生入肝肾经,可祛风、补肝肾;桂枝、炙甘草辛甘化阳,可温通心脉、安神定悸[15],全方共奏祛痰化瘀、熄风定悸之功。
本研究通过尾静脉注射Ach-CaCl2混合液、饲喂高脂饮食的方法复制了PAF大鼠痰浊血瘀证模型[13],研究结果显示,模型组大鼠出现AF心电图表现,心肌有脂滴形成,说明造模成功。盐酸胺碘酮是治疗AF的最有效药物,也可用于治疗PAF,因此作为阳性对照,评估温胆汤化裁方对AF的治疗效果。
本研究发现PAF发生时,PAF大鼠的心房组织中有明显的脂滴形成,心房中FFA和TG的含量增多,RT-qPCR及Western Blot提示脂肪酸转运酶、脂肪酸代谢关键酶的蛋白表达下降,心肌细胞中FAT/CD36的含量下降、质膜易位减少,出现明显的心肌能量代谢重构,这与AMPK调控ACC/CPT-1B信号通路传导下降有关;温胆汤化裁方及盐酸胺碘酮治疗后均可使AF持续时间减少,温胆汤化裁方疗效明显好于盐酸胺碘酮。温胆汤化裁方治疗后脂滴明显减少,中剂量效果最好,FFA和TG的含量下降,参与FFA摄取和转运的因子FAT/CD36、FATP、FABP3转录水平下降,温胆汤化裁方治疗后转录水平均升高,脂肪酸代谢关键酶AMPK磷酸化、ACC磷酸化和CPT-1B在温胆汤化裁方治疗后蛋白表达增多。我们明确了温胆汤化裁方治疗后,AMPK激活,AMPK/ACC/CPT-1B信号通路传导增强,AMPK和ACC磷酸化增多,CPT-1B水平增加,脂肪酸-β氧化得到恢复,心肌代谢底物恢复正常,因此得出FFA消耗增多,脂滴形成减少,AF持续时间缩短这一研究结果。这与HARADA M[33]、BAIF等[34]的研究结果一致。
综上所述,本研究明确了PAF大鼠在高脂饮食条件下,脾的运化失司,“膏脂”转输障碍,不能维持心肌的正常能量代谢,PAF大鼠发生能量代谢紊乱,脂肪酸代谢下降、脂肪酸氧化减少,温胆汤化裁方可激活AMPK,调控ACC/CPT-1B信号通路传导,增强心肌脂肪酸-β氧化,恢复心肌正常能量代谢,纠正代谢重构,从而治疗PAF的作用机制。本研究不足之处在于未对体外研究及临床研究进行验证,后续实验中拟进一步完善,为临床治疗PAF提供了新的思路及有力的科学支撑。
  • 国家中医药管理局临床基地项目(JDZX2015033)
  • 辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2022JH2/101300086)
  • 辽宁省教育厅高校基金项目(21601A10881)
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.12.032
  • 首发时间:2026-04-29
  • 出版时间:2025-12-10
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国家中医药管理局临床基地项目(JDZX2015033)
辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2022JH2/101300086)
辽宁省教育厅高校基金项目(21601A10881)
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    1.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847
    2.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032

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宫丽鸿(1970-),女,辽宁沈阳人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管病。E-mail:
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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