Article(id=1322928367418344028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926985957221241, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.11.006, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793340301612, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1762704000000, pubDateStr=2025-11-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793340301612, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793340301612, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793340301612, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322926985957221241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1762704000000', pubDateStr='2025-11-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339972247, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340743335, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322930220201804556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926985957221241, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322930220201804557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926985957221241, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=28, endPage=31, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322928367674196573, articleId=1322928367418344028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Pharmacological Investigation of Inhibitory Activity of Phloretin on RNA Polymerase of Novel Coronavirus, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the inhibitory activity of phloretin on the RNA polymerase of the novel coronavirus,and predict the target enzyme inhibitory activity of three small analogs molecules.

Methods

Molecular docking was employed to investigate the binding mode of phloretin with the active site of RNA polymerase. The inhibitory activity of phloretin on RNA polymerase was evaluated using a cell-based assay system for the catalytic reaction of the novel coronavirus RNA polymerase nsp7/nsp8/nsp12. Three small molecules from traditional Chinese medicine which was similar to the structure of rhizobin were selected to predict the inhibitory activity of the targeted enzyme,and the binding mode between them and the target enzyme activity site was studied by molecular docking method.

Results

Phloretin exhibited favorable binding to the active site of RNA polymerase,occupying the NTPs channel and obstructing the entry of nucleotide substrates,thereby inhibiting RNA polymerase-directed nucleic acid replication. The results of pharmacological testing for the inhibition of RNA polymerase at the cellular level demonstrated that phloretin possesses significant inhibitory activity against the novel coronavirus RNA polymerase,albeit with weaker activity compared to remdesivir. However,phloretin exhibited lower cytotoxicity compared to remdesivir. It is predicted that phloretin analogs can also inhibit RNA polymerase and have pharmacological effects against novel coronavirus.

Conclusion

This study reveals the RNA polymerase inhibitory activity of phloretin,and predict that the small molecules of the rhizetin analogs also have RNA polymerase inhibitory activity,providing a potential reference for the development of anti-novel coronavirus drugs.

, authors=Kun DI1, Xiaohua XIE2, Tianhua ZHAO3, Qiaona WU1, Yujia WANG4, Yanlei SU3, Dianxing SUN3, Shan CEN4, authorsList=Kun DI, Xiaohua XIE, Tianhua ZHAO, Qiaona WU, Yujia WANG, Yanlei SU, Dianxing SUN, Shan CEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Dianxing SUN, Shan CEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322928371063194216, articleId=1322928367418344028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=根皮素对新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶抑制活性的实验研究及类似物活性预测, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探索根皮素对新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶的抑制活性,并预测3种根皮素类似物小分子的靶酶抑制活性。

方法

运用分子对接手段研究根皮素与RNA聚合酶活性位点处的结合模式;利用细胞水平的新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶nsp7/nsp8/nsp12催化反应体系检测根皮素对RNA聚合酶的抑制活性。选择3种与根皮素结构类似的中药小分子进行靶酶抑制活性预测,应用分子对接方法研究它们与靶酶活性位点间的结合模式。

结果

根皮素及其类似物均可较好地结合于RNA聚合酶的活性位点处,占据NTPs通道而阻碍核苷酸底物的进入,进而抑制RNA聚合酶主导的核酸复制。细胞水平上的抑制RNA聚合酶活性测试实验结果表明,根皮素对新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶具有明显的抑制活性,虽然活性弱于瑞德西韦,但其细胞毒性亦低于瑞德西韦;同时,预测根皮素类似物亦可抑制RNA聚合酶而具有抗新型冠状病毒药理作用。

结论

研究证实根皮素具有RNA聚合酶抑制活性,并预测根皮素类似物小分子亦具有RNA聚合酶抑制活性,结果可进一步为抗新型冠状病毒药物研发提供参考。

, authors=邸琨1, 谢小华2, 赵田华3, 吴巧娜1, 王宇佳4, 苏彦雷3, 孙殿兴3, 岑山4, authorsList=邸琨, 谢小华, 赵田华, 吴巧娜, 王宇佳, 苏彦雷, 孙殿兴, 岑山, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=孙殿兴, 岑山, authorNote=

邸琨(1984-),女,河北石家庄人,副主任药师,硕士,研究方向:临床药理学及药效成分筛选。

, correspAuthorsNote=
孙殿兴(1961-),男,河北石家庄人,主任医师,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:传染病学诊治及药理活性成分筛选。E-mail:。
岑山(1969-),男,北京人,高级研究员,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:抗感染新药。E-mail:。
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邸琨(1984-),女,河北石家庄人,副主任药师,硕士,研究方向:临床药理学及药效成分筛选。

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邸琨(1984-),女,河北石家庄人,副主任药师,硕士,研究方向:临床药理学及药效成分筛选。

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测试样品化合物浓度梯度瑞德西韦根皮素
浓度Ⅰ(μmol/L)-50
浓度Ⅱ(μmol/L)2525
浓度Ⅲ(μmol/L)1010
试验测定对RdRp抑制率浓度Ⅰ-58.87±6.78
浓度Ⅱ74.01±3.5424.32±1.54
浓度Ⅲ68.10±3.785.36±2.23
细胞活性测定浓度Ⅰ-68.49±3.88
浓度Ⅱ77.25±0.7681.11±3.18
浓度Ⅲ79.82±1.3390.04±1.37
), ArticleFig(id=1322928377627280052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322928367418344028, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

实验中测得样品对RdRp抑制率及CCK-8细胞活性检测结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测试样品化合物浓度梯度瑞德西韦根皮素
浓度Ⅰ(μmol/L)-50
浓度Ⅱ(μmol/L)2525
浓度Ⅲ(μmol/L)1010
试验测定对RdRp抑制率浓度Ⅰ-58.87±6.78
浓度Ⅱ74.01±3.5424.32±1.54
浓度Ⅲ68.10±3.785.36±2.23
细胞活性测定浓度Ⅰ-68.49±3.88
浓度Ⅱ77.25±0.7681.11±3.18
浓度Ⅲ79.82±1.3390.04±1.37
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根皮素对新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶抑制活性的实验研究及类似物活性预测
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邸琨 1 , 谢小华 2 , 赵田华 3 , 吴巧娜 1 , 王宇佳 4 , 苏彦雷 3 , 孙殿兴 3 , 岑山 4
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(11): 28-31
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中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2025 , 43 (11) : 28 -31
根皮素对新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶抑制活性的实验研究及类似物活性预测
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邸琨(1984-),女,河北石家庄人,副主任药师,硕士,研究方向:临床药理学及药效成分筛选。

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邸琨(1984-),女,河北石家庄人,副主任药师,硕士,研究方向:临床药理学及药效成分筛选。

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邸琨1, 谢小华2, 赵田华3, 吴巧娜1, 王宇佳4, 苏彦雷3, 孙殿兴3 , 岑山4
作者信息
  • 1.石家庄市第三医院,河北 石家庄 050082
  • 2.河北省人民医院,河北 石家庄 050051
  • 3.联勤保障部队第九八〇医院,河北 石家庄 050082
  • 4.中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院医药生物技术研究所,北京 100050
通讯作者:
孙殿兴(1961-),男,河北石家庄人,主任医师,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:传染病学诊治及药理活性成分筛选。E-mail:。
岑山(1969-),男,北京人,高级研究员,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:抗感染新药。E-mail:。
作者简介:

邸琨(1984-),女,河北石家庄人,副主任药师,硕士,研究方向:临床药理学及药效成分筛选。

Pharmacological Investigation of Inhibitory Activity of Phloretin on RNA Polymerase of Novel Coronavirus
Kun DI1, Xiaohua XIE2, Tianhua ZHAO3, Qiaona WU1, Yujia WANG4, Yanlei SU3, Dianxing SUN3 , Shan CEN4
Affiliations
  • 1.The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang,Shijiazhuang 050011,Hebei,China
  • 2.Hebei General Hospital,Shijiazhuang 050051,Hebei,China
  • 3.The 980th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese People's Liberation Army,Shijiazhuang 050082,Hebei,China
  • 4.Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100050,China
出版时间: 2025-11-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.11.006
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目的

探索根皮素对新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶的抑制活性,并预测3种根皮素类似物小分子的靶酶抑制活性。

方法

运用分子对接手段研究根皮素与RNA聚合酶活性位点处的结合模式;利用细胞水平的新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶nsp7/nsp8/nsp12催化反应体系检测根皮素对RNA聚合酶的抑制活性。选择3种与根皮素结构类似的中药小分子进行靶酶抑制活性预测,应用分子对接方法研究它们与靶酶活性位点间的结合模式。

结果

根皮素及其类似物均可较好地结合于RNA聚合酶的活性位点处,占据NTPs通道而阻碍核苷酸底物的进入,进而抑制RNA聚合酶主导的核酸复制。细胞水平上的抑制RNA聚合酶活性测试实验结果表明,根皮素对新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶具有明显的抑制活性,虽然活性弱于瑞德西韦,但其细胞毒性亦低于瑞德西韦;同时,预测根皮素类似物亦可抑制RNA聚合酶而具有抗新型冠状病毒药理作用。

结论

研究证实根皮素具有RNA聚合酶抑制活性,并预测根皮素类似物小分子亦具有RNA聚合酶抑制活性,结果可进一步为抗新型冠状病毒药物研发提供参考。

新型冠状病毒  /  RNA聚合酶  /  根皮素  /  类似物  /  分子对接  /  活性测试
Objective

To explore the inhibitory activity of phloretin on the RNA polymerase of the novel coronavirus,and predict the target enzyme inhibitory activity of three small analogs molecules.

Methods

Molecular docking was employed to investigate the binding mode of phloretin with the active site of RNA polymerase. The inhibitory activity of phloretin on RNA polymerase was evaluated using a cell-based assay system for the catalytic reaction of the novel coronavirus RNA polymerase nsp7/nsp8/nsp12. Three small molecules from traditional Chinese medicine which was similar to the structure of rhizobin were selected to predict the inhibitory activity of the targeted enzyme,and the binding mode between them and the target enzyme activity site was studied by molecular docking method.

Results

Phloretin exhibited favorable binding to the active site of RNA polymerase,occupying the NTPs channel and obstructing the entry of nucleotide substrates,thereby inhibiting RNA polymerase-directed nucleic acid replication. The results of pharmacological testing for the inhibition of RNA polymerase at the cellular level demonstrated that phloretin possesses significant inhibitory activity against the novel coronavirus RNA polymerase,albeit with weaker activity compared to remdesivir. However,phloretin exhibited lower cytotoxicity compared to remdesivir. It is predicted that phloretin analogs can also inhibit RNA polymerase and have pharmacological effects against novel coronavirus.

Conclusion

This study reveals the RNA polymerase inhibitory activity of phloretin,and predict that the small molecules of the rhizetin analogs also have RNA polymerase inhibitory activity,providing a potential reference for the development of anti-novel coronavirus drugs.

novel coronavirus  /  RNA polymerase  /  phloretin  /  analogs  /  molecular docking  /  activity test
邸琨, 谢小华, 赵田华, 吴巧娜, 王宇佳, 苏彦雷, 孙殿兴, 岑山. 根皮素对新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶抑制活性的实验研究及类似物活性预测. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (11) : 28 -31 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.11.006
Kun DI, Xiaohua XIE, Tianhua ZHAO, Qiaona WU, Yujia WANG, Yanlei SU, Dianxing SUN, Shan CEN. Pharmacological Investigation of Inhibitory Activity of Phloretin on RNA Polymerase of Novel Coronavirus[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (11) : 28 -31 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.11.006
根皮素是一种广泛存在于多种食用及药用植物中的二氢查尔酮类化合物,具有抗菌、抗癌、降血糖、降血压、抗炎、降尿酸等多种药理活性[1-14],安全性高[15],同时合成工艺简单[16],倘若其具有抗新型冠状病毒活性将在未来对新型冠状病毒感染的临床治疗具有重要意义。笔者通过分子对接虚拟筛选、细胞水平的新型冠状病毒RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RNA-dependent RNA polymerase,RdRp)活性抑制实验发现根皮素对靶酶具有一定的抑制活性,而后应用相同分子模拟方法预测了3种结构类似物小分子的靶酶抑制活性,现报道如下。
根皮素购于成都曼思特生物科技有限公司(纯度≥98%)。293T细胞购自ATCC;DMEM高糖细胞培养基购自美国Life Technologies公司;胎牛血清购自美国Gibco公司;Vigofect转染试剂购自威格拉斯生物技术有限公司;CCK-8细胞活性测定试剂盒购自诺唯赞生物科技股份有限公司;Gaussia荧光素酶(Gluc)底物腔肠素h(coelenterazineh)购自美国Promega公司。Centro XS3 LB 963酶标仪购自德国Berthold公司;EnSpire 2300多功能酶标仪购自美国PerkinElmer公司。
从PDB数据库下载获得新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶的晶体三维结构(ID:7BV2),用Mgtools 1.5.6处理蛋白结构,通过加氢、计算电荷、合并非极性氢后保存成pdbqt文件。以靶蛋白的活性位点(center x=92.517,center y=92.906,center z=101.245)为中心,构建一个60×60×60的盒子,通过Vina运算生成pdbqt文件。运用Pymol 1.7.2.1软件打开生成的pdbqt文件,并打开7BV2蛋白结构,保存成复合物pdb文件,并进行相关作图处理[17-18]。
质粒转染及细胞给药处理:HEK293T细胞使用pCoV-Gluc、pCOVID19-nsp12、pCOVID19-nsp7、pCOVID 19-nsp8质粒以1∶20∶60∶60的比率进行转染[19],使用的转染试剂为Vigofect,转染后12 h,将细胞重新接种于96孔板中(104个细胞/孔),然后用包括瑞德西韦、根皮素在内的培养液进行倍比稀释加入孔中,于24 h后,按照Gasussia荧光素酶活性检测的方法检测荧光值。所示结果是3次独立实验的平均值。
Gluc活性测定:Gasussia荧光素酶活性检测按照TANNOUSBA提供的方法操作[20]。首先将腔肠菌素-h的原液溶于无水乙醇中,调整浓度至1.022 mmol/L。每次测定前,将原液在PBS中稀释至16.7μmol/L,并在室温下于暗处孵育30 min。进行发光分析时,向白色不透明96孔板的每孔中添加10μL上清液,并进样60μL 16.7μmol/L腔肠菌素-h,然后用Berthold Centro XS3 LB 963微板光度计测量发光共0.5 s。抑制率(%)=[1 - (实验组平均值/对照组平均值)]×100%。
细胞活性测定:用CCK-8试剂盒(CCK-8 Cell counting kit,Vazyme)检测活性测定,具体方法参考产品说明书。将1 μL每种测试化合物添加至HEK293T细胞中并孵育24 h。然后向每孔中添加10μL CCK-8试剂,并在含5%二氧化碳条件下于37℃孵育30~90 min。用Enspire 2300 Multiable读数器(PekinElmer)测量450 nm处的吸光值,计算细胞活性率。所示结果是3次独立实验的平均值。
以根皮素结构为基础,从中药化学成分库中筛选得到结构类似化合物1~3,为根皮素结构类似物,如图1所示,验证根皮素类似物与RdRp活性位点的结合能力,方法及步骤同1.2。
研究结果发现,根皮素进入至RdRp的底物三磷酸核苷酸(Nucleoside triphosphates,NTPs)通道活性位点处,并以非共价结合的方式与NTPs结合处的氨基酸(THR456、MET542、ARG555、ASP623、THR687、ALA688、ASN691、SER759等)发生分子间相互作用,见插页Ⅴ图2,THR456残基上羟基氧原子与根皮素4′羟基氢原子形成氢键,键长为2.867Å;ARG555胍基伯胺氢原子与根皮素羰基氧原子形成氢键,键长为2.765Å;ASN691、SER759残基分别与根皮素羰基邻位羟基形成氢键相互作用,键长分别为2.648Å、2.912Å。分子对接过程中释放的自由能为7.5 kcal/mol。结果表明,根皮素可竞争性占据RdRp中NTPs通道的活性位点而阻碍正常底物NTPs的进入,从而对RdRp核酸复制的生物学功能起到干扰作用。
实验中质粒pCOVID19-nsp12、pCOVID19-nsp7、pCOVID 19-nsp8体系转染HRK293T细胞后,于细胞内表达出相应蛋白,组成高效的介导RNA复制的nsp7/nsp8/nsp12体系[21-22]。pCoV-Gluc转染至细胞后被宿主细胞RNA聚合酶识别首先合成一条正链的mRNA,而后在nsp7/nsp8/nsp12体系(RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶,RdRp)的作用下转录出负链vRNA,进而再由nsp7/nsp8/nsp12体系进一步转录成正链性质的RNA,最终大量表达Gluc,在Gluc的表达过程中nsp7/nsp8/nsp12体系起到了“放大器”的扩增作用,故靶向抑制nsp12可使Gluc的表达减少。实验发现根皮素和瑞德西韦对nsp7/nsp8/nsp12体系具有抑制作用,并呈现出一定的剂量依赖性,瑞德西韦的活性明显强于根皮素,而根皮素的细胞毒性比瑞德西韦小,具体数据见表1。
化合物1-3与RNA聚合酶之间的结合模式与根皮素相同,均可处于NTPs通道中阻碍底物核苷酸的进入,亦是与靶酶活性位点处氨基酸如THR456、MET542、ARG553、ARG555、VAL557、ILE589、ASP623、THR687、ALA688、ASN691、LEU758、SER759等发生疏水、静电、氢键相互作用(见插页Ⅴ图3-图5),最终形成对靶酶的竞争性抑制作用。化合物1~3与在与活性位点结合过程中释放的自由能分别为6.6、6.8、7.7 kcal/mol,小分子化合物1~3均可对靶酶的生物学功能起到抑制作用,依据分子对接过程中释放的自由能数值,笔者认为化合物3对RNA聚合酶的抑制活性与根皮素相当或者比之稍强。
笔者以新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶为靶点,运用分子对接技术研究发现根皮素可较好地结合于靶酶TNPs进入通道而起到对靶酶生物学功能的抑制作用,利用细胞水平新型冠状病毒nsp7/nsp8/nsp12催化反应体系检测根皮素对RNA聚合酶的抑制活性,发现根皮素在3个浓度梯度下表现出了对RNA聚合酶抑制作用,且呈现剂量依赖性,但药理活性相较瑞德西韦弱。同样研究了3个根皮素类似物小分子与RNA聚合酶的相互作用,结果支持小分子化合物1~3均可起到抑制RNA聚合酶药理作用,其中化合物3的抑制活性可能强于根皮素。此外,在新型冠状病毒感染细胞的实际生命周期活动中其核酸外切酶NSP14/NSP10复合物会降低瑞德西韦等核苷酸类似物型抑制剂的抑制活性[23-24],而本实验模型中未引入核酸外切酶NSP14/NSP10,故可以认为测得瑞德西韦的抑制活性数据可能较真实感染细胞中偏高,而根皮素不涉及核酸外切酶NSP14/NSP10的清除机制,测得抑制活性数据与真实值较接近,此外,根皮素的细胞毒性相对较小提示可以增加给药剂量提高血药浓度,故根皮素进一步在动物水平的抗新型冠状病毒测试实验仍值得期待。结构简单小分子化合物在自然界中广泛存在,廉价易得,且不涉及瑞德西韦等核苷酸类似物的诱导耐药机制,证明其可以起到显著的抗新型冠状病毒药理作用[17-18,25-28],对于临床治疗具有重要现实意义。本研究发现4个结构简单且类似的小分子可结合于新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶的NTPs通道,其中根皮素在细胞水平实验证明具有切实的RNA聚合酶抑制活性;根皮素为结构柔性的简单小分子类化合物,亦可以骈接部分结构以增强与RNA聚合酶(甚至主蛋白酶)活性位点的结合作用从而提高酶抑制活性,以其结构为基础的进一步结构修饰工作亦值得展开。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(81672041)
  • 河北省卫生健康委重点科研攻关计划项目(20231303)
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2025年第43卷第11期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.11.006
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-11-10
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国家自然科学基金项目(81672041)
河北省卫生健康委重点科研攻关计划项目(20231303)
作者信息
    1.石家庄市第三医院,河北 石家庄 050082
    2.河北省人民医院,河北 石家庄 050051
    3.联勤保障部队第九八〇医院,河北 石家庄 050082
    4.中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院医药生物技术研究所,北京 100050

通讯作者:

孙殿兴(1961-),男,河北石家庄人,主任医师,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:传染病学诊治及药理活性成分筛选。E-mail:。
岑山(1969-),男,北京人,高级研究员,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:抗感染新药。E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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