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Article(id=1322926800095032063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926740955341011, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.10.010, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339927933, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1760025600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339927933, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339927933, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339927933, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322926740955341011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1760025600000', pubDateStr='2025-10-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339913834, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340753123, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322930261259846420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926740955341011, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322930261259846421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926740955341011, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=49, endPage=53, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322926801898582784, articleId=1322926800095032063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Clinical Study on Modified Xiaoke Decoction（消渴方加减）Treating Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy（Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Type）, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the clinical effect of Modified Xiaoke Decoction（消渴方加减）treating patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy（Qi deficiency and blood stasis type）.

Methods

A total of 220 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy of Qi deficiency and blood stasis type admitted to the Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology of Ziyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2020 to June 2024 were included as the research objects.They were divided into two groups by the random number table method.A hundred and ten patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine treatment，and the other 110 patients in the observation group were treated with Modified Xiaoke Decoction on this basis.The treatment effects，TCM symptom scores，blood glucose indexes，isletβcell functions，renal function indexes and changes in oxidative stress indexes of the two groups were compared.

Results

The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.28%（107/110），which was much higher than that of the control group（82.73%，91/110），and the difference between the groups was significant（P<0.05）.After treatment，the levels of fasting blood glucose（FPG），2-hour postprandial blood glucose（2 h PBG），glycated hemoglobin（HbA1c）and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance（HOMA-IR）in the observation group were lower than those in the control group，and homeostasis model assessment-β（HOMA-β）was higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）.After treatment，the levels of 24-hour urinary protein and urinaryβ2-microglobulin（β2 MG）in the observation group were lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）.After treatment，the levels of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，and the level of malondialdehyde（MDA）was lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）.

Conclusion

The application of Modified Xiaoke Decoction in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy of Qi deficiency and blood stasis type can effectively reduce the blood glucose level，improve insulin resistance and isletβcell function，inhibit the oxidative stress reaction，protect renal function，reduce damage，and has a positive effect on the improvement of the prognosis of patients.

, authors=Daogui WANG, Huofeng LIU, Hua ZHOU, authorsList=Daogui WANG, Huofeng LIU, Hua ZHOU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322926803374977805, articleId=1322926800095032063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=消渴方加减治疗2型糖尿病肾病患者（气虚血瘀型）的临床研究, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析消渴方加减治疗2型糖尿病肾病患者（气虚血瘀型）的临床效果。

方法

纳入2020年6月—2024年6月资阳市中医医院内分泌肾病科收治的220例气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者为研究对象，随机数字表法分为两组，110例对照组予以西医常规治疗，110例观察组在此基础上联合消渴方加减治疗，对比两组治疗效果、中医症状积分、血糖指标、胰岛β细胞功能、肾功能指标、氧化应激指标变化情况等。

结果

观察组治疗总有效率为97.28%（107/110），远高于对照组的82.73%（91/110），组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后观察组空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2 h血糖（2 h PBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）水平低于对照组，胰岛素分泌功能指数（HOMAβ）高于对照组（P<0.05）；治疗后观察组24 h尿蛋白、尿β2微2蛋白（β2 MG）水平低于对照组（P<0.05）；治疗后观察组超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）高于对照组，丙二醛（MDA）低于对照组（P<0.05）。

结论

对气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者应用消渴方加减治疗能有效降低血糖水平，改善胰岛素抵抗及胰岛β细胞功能，抑制氧化应激反应，对肾功能起到保护作用，减少损伤，对改善患者预后具有积极作用。

, authors=汪道贵, 刘火锋, 周华, authorsList=汪道贵, 刘火锋, 周华, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

汪道贵（1981-），男，四川资阳人，副主任医师，学士，研究方向：内分泌代谢疾病。

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汪道贵（1981-），男，四川资阳人，副主任医师，学士，研究方向：内分泌代谢疾病。

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汪道贵（1981-），男，四川资阳人，副主任医师，学士，研究方向：内分泌代谢疾病。

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BioMed Res Int，2022，2022（1）：3811036., articleTitle=Extraction of Radix trichosanthis polysaccharides for potential antihyperlipidemic application, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926812350788442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=［32］, rfOrder=31, authorNames=LU L F, PENG JT, WAN PJ, journalName=Front Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LU L F，PENG JT，WAN PJ，et al. Mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. -Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim decoction in treatment of diabetic kidney disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking［J］. Front Pharmacol，2022，13：940773., articleTitle=Mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. -Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim decoction in treatment of diabetic kidney disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926812430480219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=［33］, rfOrder=32, authorNames=毕境新, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=毕境新. 天花粉黄精药对对KKAy小鼠糖脂代谢及肝脏胰岛素抵抗的影响［D］. 北京：北京中医药大学，2022., articleTitle=天花粉黄精药对对KKAy小鼠糖脂代谢及肝脏胰岛素抵抗的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926812497589084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=27, issue=2, pageStart=94, pageEnd=98, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=［34］, rfOrder=33, authorNames=陈可, 张效科, journalName=辽宁中医药大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈可，张效科. 中药黄连治疗2型糖尿病药理机制研究进展［J］. 辽宁中医药大学学报，2025，27（2）：94-98., articleTitle=中药黄连治疗2型糖尿病药理机制研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926812577280861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=327, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=［35］, rfOrder=34, authorNames=ZHANG S X, ZHANG S, ZHANG Y, journalName=J Ethnopharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG S X，ZHANG S，ZHANG Y，et al. Activation of NRF2 by epiberberine improves oxidative stress and insulin resistance in T2DM mice and IR-HepG2 cells in an AMPK dependent manner［J］. J Ethnopharmacol，2024，327：117931., articleTitle=Activation of NRF2 by epiberberine improves oxidative stress and insulin resistance in T2DM mice and IR-HepG2 cells in an AMPK dependent manner, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926812644389726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=14, issue=17, pageStart=3595, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=［36］, rfOrder=35, authorNames=LUPO M G, BRILLI E, DE VITO V, journalName=Nutrients, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LUPO M G，BRILLI E，DE VITO V，et al. In vitro and in vivo sucrosomial® berberine activity on insulin resistance［J］. Nutrients，2022，14（17）：3595., articleTitle=In vitro and in vivo sucrosomial® berberine activity on insulin resistance, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322926808219398970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, awardId=2018YFC1707606, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1707606), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926803639218958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926803647607567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, companyId=1322926803639218958, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Ziyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Ziyang 641300，Sichuan，China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926803655996176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, companyId=1322926803639218958, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=资阳市中医医院，四川 资阳 6413000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322926807183405870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数显效有效无效总有效
观察组11082（74.55）25（22.73）3（2.73）107（97.28）
对照组11046（41.82）45（40.91）19（17.27）91（82.73）
χ2值9.482 2
P值0.018 9
), ArticleFig(id=1322926807250514735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两组气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者治疗效果比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数显效有效无效总有效
观察组11082（74.55）25（22.73）3（2.73）107（97.28）
对照组11046（41.82）45（40.91）19（17.27）91（82.73）
χ2值9.482 2
P值0.018 9
), ArticleFig(id=1322926807321817904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数中医症状积分t值P值
治疗前治疗后
观察组11023.11±1.024.25±0.1411.498 20.000 0
对照组11023.12±1.0411.15±0.175.487 30.000 0
t值0.708 09.717 1
P值0.480 60.000 0
), ArticleFig(id=1322926807414092593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两组气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者中医症状积分变化情况比较（）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数中医症状积分t值P值
治疗前治疗后
观察组11023.11±1.024.25±0.1411.498 20.000 0
对照组11023.12±1.0411.15±0.175.487 30.000 0
t值0.708 09.717 1
P值0.480 60.000 0
), ArticleFig(id=1322926807497978674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数FPG/（mmol/L）2 h PBG/（mmol/L）HbA1 c/（%）
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
观察组11012.62±2.826.41±1.23*16.22±4.628.72±1.45*8.26±1.526.32±0.41*
对照组11012.58±2.848.82±1.26*16.27±3.8912.82±2.16*8.29±1.577.95±0.21*
t值0.088 79.095 30.881 44.435 71.673 48.850 2
P值0.930 20.000 20.381 10.000 00.098 10.000 0
), ArticleFig(id=1322926807573476147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

两组气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者血糖指标水平变化情况比较（）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数FPG/（mmol/L）2 h PBG/（mmol/L）HbA1 c/（%）
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
观察组11012.62±2.826.41±1.23*16.22±4.628.72±1.45*8.26±1.526.32±0.41*
对照组11012.58±2.848.82±1.26*16.27±3.8912.82±2.16*8.29±1.577.95±0.21*
t值0.088 79.095 30.881 44.435 71.673 48.850 2
P值0.930 20.000 20.381 10.000 00.098 10.000 0
), ArticleFig(id=1322926807640585012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数HOMA-IRHOMA-β
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
观察组1104.85±1.553.15±0.25*43.15±8.52 96.52±9.56*
对照组1104.85±1.574.12±0.11*43.18±7.95 90.58±8.71*
t值0.148 29.474 40.297 211.262 5
P值0.248 30.000 00.182 60.000 0
), ArticleFig(id=1322926807732859701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

两组气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者胰岛β细胞功能情况比较（）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数HOMA-IRHOMA-β
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
观察组1104.85±1.553.15±0.25*43.15±8.52 96.52±9.56*
对照组1104.85±1.574.12±0.11*43.18±7.95 90.58±8.71*
t值0.148 29.474 40.297 211.262 5
P值0.248 30.000 00.182 60.000 0
), ArticleFig(id=1322926807812551478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数24 h尿蛋白/（mg/24 h）尿β2MG/（mg/L）
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
观察组110 153.58±13.2582.96±9.58*4.35±0.29 2.21±0.21*
对照组110 152.48±12.49 102.87±9.75*4.36±0.27 3.58±0.24*
t值0.186 215.297 10.254 813.786 5
P值0.238 70.000 00.248 90.000 0
), ArticleFig(id=1322926807929991991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

两组气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者肾功能指标水平比较（）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数24 h尿蛋白/（mg/24 h）尿β2MG/（mg/L）
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
观察组110 153.58±13.2582.96±9.58*4.35±0.29 2.21±0.21*
对照组110 152.48±12.49 102.87±9.75*4.36±0.27 3.58±0.24*
t值0.186 215.297 10.254 813.786 5
P值0.238 70.000 00.248 90.000 0
), ArticleFig(id=1322926808022266680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数SOD/（U/mL）MDA/（μmol/L）GSH-Px/（g/L）
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
观察组110235.69±29.57275.85±35.25*21.58±5.2812.26±5.25*6.71±0.2510.98±1.25*
对照组110236.85±30.27247.15±29.87*21.59±5.4717.85±6.24*6.72±0.298.25±1.24*
t值0.268 85.924 70.182 69.482 40.148 89.483 2
P值0.186 50.000 00.244 70.000 00.245 30.000 0
), ArticleFig(id=1322926808106152761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926800095032063, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

两组气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者氧化应激反应指标水平比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数SOD/（U/mL）MDA/（μmol/L）GSH-Px/（g/L）
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
观察组110235.69±29.57275.85±35.25*21.58±5.2812.26±5.25*6.71±0.2510.98±1.25*
对照组110236.85±30.27247.15±29.87*21.59±5.4717.85±6.24*6.72±0.298.25±1.24*
t值0.268 85.924 70.182 69.482 40.148 89.483 2
P值0.186 50.000 00.244 70.000 00.245 30.000 0
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消渴方加减治疗2型糖尿病肾病患者（气虚血瘀型）的临床研究
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汪道贵 , 刘火锋 , 周华
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(10): 49-53
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中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2025 , 43 (10) : 49 -53
消渴方加减治疗2型糖尿病肾病患者（气虚血瘀型）的临床研究
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汪道贵, 刘火锋, 周华
作者信息
  • 资阳市中医医院，四川 资阳 6413000
作者简介:

汪道贵（1981-），男，四川资阳人，副主任医师，学士，研究方向：内分泌代谢疾病。

Clinical Study on Modified Xiaoke Decoction（消渴方加减）Treating Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy（Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Type）
Daogui WANG, Huofeng LIU, Hua ZHOU
Affiliations
  • Ziyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Ziyang 641300，Sichuan，China
出版时间: 2025-10-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.10.010
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摘要
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目的

分析消渴方加减治疗2型糖尿病肾病患者（气虚血瘀型）的临床效果。

方法

纳入2020年6月—2024年6月资阳市中医医院内分泌肾病科收治的220例气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者为研究对象，随机数字表法分为两组，110例对照组予以西医常规治疗，110例观察组在此基础上联合消渴方加减治疗，对比两组治疗效果、中医症状积分、血糖指标、胰岛β细胞功能、肾功能指标、氧化应激指标变化情况等。

结果

观察组治疗总有效率为97.28%（107/110），远高于对照组的82.73%（91/110），组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后观察组空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2 h血糖（2 h PBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）水平低于对照组，胰岛素分泌功能指数（HOMAβ）高于对照组（P<0.05）；治疗后观察组24 h尿蛋白、尿β2微2蛋白（β2 MG）水平低于对照组（P<0.05）；治疗后观察组超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）高于对照组，丙二醛（MDA）低于对照组（P<0.05）。

结论

对气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者应用消渴方加减治疗能有效降低血糖水平，改善胰岛素抵抗及胰岛β细胞功能，抑制氧化应激反应，对肾功能起到保护作用，减少损伤，对改善患者预后具有积极作用。

2型糖尿病肾病  /  消渴方  /  气虚血瘀型  /  肾功能  /  血糖指标  /  氧化应激反应  /  中西医结合治疗
Objective

To analyze the clinical effect of Modified Xiaoke Decoction（消渴方加减）treating patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy（Qi deficiency and blood stasis type）.

Methods

A total of 220 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy of Qi deficiency and blood stasis type admitted to the Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology of Ziyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2020 to June 2024 were included as the research objects.They were divided into two groups by the random number table method.A hundred and ten patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine treatment，and the other 110 patients in the observation group were treated with Modified Xiaoke Decoction on this basis.The treatment effects，TCM symptom scores，blood glucose indexes，isletβcell functions，renal function indexes and changes in oxidative stress indexes of the two groups were compared.

Results

The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.28%（107/110），which was much higher than that of the control group（82.73%，91/110），and the difference between the groups was significant（P<0.05）.After treatment，the levels of fasting blood glucose（FPG），2-hour postprandial blood glucose（2 h PBG），glycated hemoglobin（HbA1c）and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance（HOMA-IR）in the observation group were lower than those in the control group，and homeostasis model assessment-β（HOMA-β）was higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）.After treatment，the levels of 24-hour urinary protein and urinaryβ2-microglobulin（β2 MG）in the observation group were lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）.After treatment，the levels of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，and the level of malondialdehyde（MDA）was lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）.

Conclusion

The application of Modified Xiaoke Decoction in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy of Qi deficiency and blood stasis type can effectively reduce the blood glucose level，improve insulin resistance and isletβcell function，inhibit the oxidative stress reaction，protect renal function，reduce damage，and has a positive effect on the improvement of the prognosis of patients.

type 2 diabetic nephropathy  /  Xiaoke Decoction（消渴方）  /  Qi deficiency and blood stasis type  /  renal function  /  blood glucose index  /  oxidative stress reaction  /  integrated treatment of traditional Chinese and western medicine
汪道贵, 刘火锋, 周华. 消渴方加减治疗2型糖尿病肾病患者（气虚血瘀型）的临床研究. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (10) : 49 -53 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.10.010
Daogui WANG, Huofeng LIU, Hua ZHOU. Clinical Study on Modified Xiaoke Decoction（消渴方加减）Treating Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy（Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Type）[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (10) : 49 -53 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.10.010
正文
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2型糖尿病为临床常见高发的以血糖升高为显著特点的慢性疾病，糖尿病肾病为其常见并发症之一，以肾小球滤过率降低或持续性白蛋白尿为主要症状表现，是导致患者发展为终末期肾病的主要因素之一[1]。近年来随着罹患糖尿病人数的增加，糖尿病肾病的患病率也呈明显增高趋势。目前临床针对糖尿病肾病主要在合理控制饮食、适当运动的基础上，应用口服降糖药、胰岛素、他汀类等药物进行治疗，但效果有限[2-3]。中医认为糖尿病肾病久病入络，消渴日久对机体气阴形成损伤，气阴不足则推动无力，血液运行不畅而瘀阻于脉络，导致血瘀，对肾功能造成损伤[4]。消渴方来源于元代朱震亨《丹溪心法》，具有滋阴泻火解毒、火退燥除、益气养阴、活血通络的功效[5]。鉴于此，本次研究对气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者应用消渴方加减治疗，获得较好效果。现报道如下。
1　临床资料
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1.1　一般资料
纳入2020年6月—2024年6月资阳市中医医院内分泌肾病科收治的220例气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者为研究对象，随机数字表法分为两组。对照组110例，男59例，女51例，年龄48～78岁，平均（61.58±3.18）岁，病程1～4年，平均（2.19±1.16）年；观察组110例，男52例，女58例，年龄47～79岁，平均（59.76±2.27）岁，病程1～5年，平均（2.17±1.15）年。两组上述相关临床数据资料比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），有良好可比性。患者对此次研究均知情且同意，同时研究也经伦理委员会审核通过。
1.2　诊断标准
1.2.1　西医诊断标准
①患者存在多尿、多饮、多尿等症状；②随机静脉血糖水平≥11.1 mmol/L或空腹血糖水平≥7.0 mmol/L，或服用75 g无水葡萄糖负荷后2 h血糖水平≥11.1 mmol/L，符合《中国2型糖尿病防治指南》[6]制定的相关诊断标准；③符合《糖尿病肾病防治专家共识（2014年版）》[7]相关标准，存在水肿、白蛋白尿，且尿白蛋白排泄率（UAER）>30 mg/24 h，或尿白蛋白/肌酐比值（UACR）>30 mg/g；③尿沉渣异常等。经实验室检查、临床症状等明确诊断为2型糖尿病肾病。
1.2.2　中医辨证标准
参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》[8]制定的相关诊断标准，辨证为气虚血瘀型，主症表现为神疲乏力、腰膝酸软、咽干口燥、夜尿频多；次症表现为心悸失眠，自汗易感，气短懒言，颜面肢体浮肿、头晕眼花，尿多浊沫，舌淡胖、紫黯或有瘀斑，脉细涩。兼具上述主症及2项以上次症，结合舌、脉即可明确诊断。
1.3　纳入标准
①患者均符合上述中西医相关诊断标准；②患者签署知情同意书；③临床资料完善；⑤年龄47～79岁。
1.4　排除标准
①1型糖尿病患者或其他疾病导致的肾功能损伤；②近2周出现糖尿病急性代谢并发症者；③存在严重心脑血管疾病者；④合并肾衰竭者；⑤合并恶性肿瘤、严重感染者；⑥合并认知障碍、精神疾病无法配合研究者。
2　方法
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2.1　治疗方法
2.1.1　对照组
采用常规西药治疗，给予二甲双胍恩格列净片（杭州中美华东制药有限公司，国药准字H20213448，规格：500 mg∶5 mg*30片/盒）分早晚口服，2次/d，1片/次；同时给予马来酸依那普利片（湖南千金湘江药业股份有限公司，国药准字H20066383，规格10 mg/片）口服，1片/次，1次/d。治疗期间指导患者戒烟戒酒、合理饮食，并进行适当运动。
2.1.2　观察组
在此基础上联合消渴方加减治疗，组方如下：黄芪30 g，玄参15 g，黄连10 g，山药30 g，天花粉30 g，淮山药15 g，生地黄20 g，红花10 g，川芎10 g。肾阴亏虚者加枸杞子10 g；有郁而化热之象者加栀子10 g，连翘10 g；肢体疼痛者加没药15 g，乳香15 g。将上述中药以水煎煮至250 mL，每天1剂，分早晚服用。两组持续治疗2个月。
2.2　观察指标及方法
2.2.1　治疗效果
经过治疗后患者血糖达标，处于正常范围内，即空腹血糖≤6.4 mmol/L，中医证候积分降低超过70%，则为治疗显效；治疗后患者相关症状好转，血糖明显降低，但未达到理想范围内，中医证候积分降低超过30%，不足70%，则为治疗有效；治疗后患者相关症状未改善，且血糖指标降低不明显，中医证候积分降低不足30%，则为治疗无效。总有效率＝显效率+有效率。
2.2.2　中医证候积分
参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》对主要症状依据无、轻、中、重分别赋予0、2、4、6分，对次要症状依据无、轻、中、重分别赋予0、1、2、3分，最高32分，分值越高表示患者病情越严重。
2.2.3　血糖指标
于治疗前后采集患者空腹肘静脉血3 mL，3000 r/min进行离心，时间15 min，采用全自动生化分析仪，用葡萄糖氧化酶法检测空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2 h血糖（2 h PBG），采用放射免疫比浊法检测糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c），观察其水平变化情况。
2.2.4　胰岛β细胞功能
于治疗前后采集患者空腹外周静脉血3 mL，3000 r/min进行离心处理，时间10 min，获得血清后，采用放射免疫分析法检测空腹胰岛素（FINS），并计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、胰岛素分泌功能指数（HOMA-β）；HOMA-IR指数＝（空腹血糖×FINS）/22.5，HOMA-β指数＝［20×FIns（mU/L）］/FPG（mmol/L）-3.5。
2.2.5　肾功能
于治疗前后采集患者24 h尿液及晨尿5 mL，离心处理后，采用免疫比浊法检测24 h尿蛋白含量，采用全自动生化分析仪检测尿β2微球蛋白（β2 MG）含量，观察其变化情况。
2.2.6　氧化应激指
于治疗前后采集患者空腹肘静脉血3 mL，3000 r/min离心处理，半径10 cm，时间15 min，获得血清后采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶（GSH-Px）、血清活性氧（ROS），观察其水平变化情况。
2.3　统计学方法
将采集数据应用SPSS 25.0处理分析，数据资料均符合正态分布，治疗效果用例（%）表示，采用χ2检验；中医症状评分、肾功能、血糖指标、氧化应激等指标用表示，采用t检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
3　结果
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3.1　两组治疗效果比较
观察组治疗总有效率为97.28%，远高于对照组的82.73%，组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。见表1。
3.2　两组中医症状积分变化情况比较
治疗前两组中医症状积分比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治疗后两组中医症状积分均有所降低（P<0.05），且相较于对照组，观察组降低更为显著（P<0.05）。见表2。
3.3　两组血糖指标水平变化情况比较
治疗前两组FPG、P2hBG、HbA1c水平变化比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治疗后两组上述三项指标水平均降低，且相比于对照组，观察组降低更为显著，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。见表3。
3.4　两组胰岛β细胞功能情况比较
治疗前两组HOMA-IR、HOMA-β比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治疗后两组上述HOMA-IR水平降低，HOMA-β提高，且较于对照组，观察组改善更为显著（P<0.05）。见表4。
3.5　两组肾功能指标水平比较
治疗前两组24 h尿蛋白、尿β2 MG水平比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治疗后两组上述指标水平均降低（P<0.05），且相较于对照组，观察组降低更为显著（P<0.05）。见表5。
3.6　两组氧化应激反应指标水平比较
治疗前两组SOD、MDA、GSH-Px水平比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治疗后两组SOD、GSH-Px升高，MDA降低（P<0.05），相较于对照组，观察组改善更为显著（P<0.05）。见表6。
4　讨论
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糖尿病肾病为糖尿病常见高发并发症之一，多是由于长期高血糖状态下致使肾小球微血管发生病变，引起浮肿、蛋白尿、高血压、肾功能不全等表现[9]。关于其发病机制迄今为止仍不是十分清楚，可能与糖脂代谢、血流动力学改变、氧化应激、内皮损伤等因素有关。若不及时进行干预，随着病情发展，患者蛋白尿明显增加，最终演变为肾衰竭，对患者健康及生命安全构成严重威胁[10-11]。目前西医治疗主要以控糖、调脂、改善微循环为主，以延缓病情发展的目的，但效果往往难以令人满意，且长期服用，易让患者产生不良反应[12]。
近年来中医在防治糖尿病及其慢性并发症方面有着显著优势和特色，强调辨证论治，从整体调理，达到缓解患者症状，延缓病情发展的目的[13]。《圣济总录》记载：“消渴病久，肾气受伤，肾主水，肾气虚衰，气化失常，开阖不利，能为水肿”，《辨证录》也指出：“夫消渴之症，皆脾坏而肾败”[14-15]，长时间的消渴可致使脏腑气血虚衰，气血运行不畅，肾气虚不藏精，精微下泄，瘀浊阻络，而加速病情的发展。故中医认为消渴日久可加重气阴的双重损伤，促进津液的蒸发，血液凝结成瘀块，瘀阻于络[16]；此外气虚还会影响阳气，阳气无法化气，使推动无力，血液运行不畅，伤阴耗津，无以载气，阴损气耗，导致气阴两虚，阴阳失调，最终导致机体元气不升，肾阴阳俱虚而诱发本病[17-18]，脾肾气虚为糖尿病肾病主要病机，故对其的治疗应以益气养阴，活血通络、生津止渴为主。本次研究对气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者应用消渴方加减治疗，结果发现治疗后观察组FPG、2 h PBG、HbA1c、HOMA-IR水平低于对照组，HOMA-β高于对照组（P<0.05）。可见应用消渴方加减治疗能控制患者血糖水平，减轻胰岛素抵抗程度，促进胰岛β细胞功能的改善。这是由于黄芪为补气要药，不但可以补全身之气，而且善补肌表之气，具有补益脾气、升举中阳、益卫固表、利水消肿的功效[19]；玄参性寒，味甘、苦，归肺、胃、肾经，具有清热凉血、滋阴降火、解毒散结的功效[20]；天花粉性甘，微苦，具有清热泻火、生津止渴的功效；地黄归为肝肾经，善于生精血、长肌肉、填骨髓，故具有滋阴补肾、填精益髓的功效；淮山药具有益气养阴，补益脾阴的功效[21]；黄连性苦寒，苦寒清降，具有泻火解毒、清热燥湿的功效[22]；红花辛温无毒入心肝经，气香行散入血分，具有活血通经、祛瘀止痛的作用；川芎味辛，有发散作用，性质温热，可温通，达到活血行气的目的，是血中之气，具有活血化瘀、行气止痛的功效[23]。诸药合用共奏益气养阴，活血通络、生津止渴的功效。同时本组治疗后观察组SOD、GSH-Px高于对照组，MDA低于对照组（P<0.05）。MDA、GSH-Px、SOD为常见的氧化应激指标，正常情况下，机体的抗氧化物质与氧化产物处于动态平衡状态；而糖尿病高血糖状态下，能够刺激线粒体产生大量的活性氧（ROS），使得ROS的产生与清除体系失衡，而过量的ROS会使肾细胞组织不同程度氧化损伤[24]。MDA是一种脂质过氧化物，为评估机体过氧化物强度的一个重要指标，可反映细胞膜受损的程度，从而对机体的氧化损伤状况进行评估。SOD，是一种重要的自由基清除剂，其活性水平可以间接反映机体清除氧自由基的能力，进而评价机体抗氧化系统的功能状态[25]。SOD的存在对于维持细胞内环境的稳定和保护细胞免受氧化应激的伤害至关重要。GSH-Px，是一种抗氧化酶，主要功能是保护细胞膜的结构及功能不受过氧化物的干扰及损害[26]。GSH-Px的活性水平高低可以作为反映机体抗氧化能力的一个重要指标，了解机体在面对氧化应激时的保护能力[27]。本研究表明消渴方加减治疗能抑制氧化应激反应，可以提高机体清除氧化损伤产物的能力。这可能是由于黄芪中的有效成分黄芪甲苷通过CTRP3和PI3K/AKT信号通路调节脂肪细胞的胰岛素抵抗和炎症反应[28]，黄芪甲苷Ⅳ通过调节MIR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT信号传导通路调节脂肪细胞的胰岛素抵抗和炎症反应[29]，使患者的糖脂代谢紊乱、调节和优化胰岛β细胞的功能得到有效改善，有助于维持正常的血糖水平和血脂平衡。此外，黄芪甲苷还能够抑制氧自由基的异常生成，从而减轻氧化应激对细胞的损伤[30]，通过这种方式，黄芪甲苷有助于减少细胞凋亡，保护细胞免受过度氧化损伤，进而维护机体的健康状态。天花粉中含有的皂苷、蛋白质和植物凝血素等成分，具有显著降低血糖的作用[31]，天花粉中的天花粉多糖可能通过抑制FoxO1蛋白表达，改善胰岛素抵抗，从而有效地降低血糖[32-33]。黄连其改善机体糖耐量和高血糖状态的效果也得到了广泛认可。黄连中的主要活性成分小檗碱，已被证明能够增强胰岛素的敏感性，改善胰岛β细胞的功能。小檗碱是一种具有降血糖特性的天然生物碱，有研究表明黄连提取物表小檗碱通过激活NRF2依赖性AMPK级联，保护2型糖尿病免受氧化应激，从而减轻胰岛素抵抗[34-35]。此外，黄连还具有抗炎和抗氧化的作用[36]。故经过治疗后患者血糖得到有效控制，同时氧化应激反应减轻，进而促进肾功能的改善，使得24 h尿蛋白、尿β2 MG水平降低，患者症状减轻，预后得以改善。
综上所述，对气虚血瘀型2型糖尿病肾病患者应用消渴方加减治疗能有效降低血糖水平，改善胰岛素抵抗及胰岛β细胞功能，抑制氧化应激反应，对肾功能起到保护作用，减少损伤，对改善患者预后具有积极作用。
基金
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  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1707606)
文献
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参考文献 引证文献
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2025年第43卷第10期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.10.010
  • 首发时间：2026-10-30
  • 出版时间：2025-10-10
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国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1707606)
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    资阳市中医医院，四川 资阳 6413000
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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