Article(id=1322926416689505152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926217711726961, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339836522, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1754755200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339836522, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339836522, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339836522, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322926217711726961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='8', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1754755200000', pubDateStr='2025-08-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339789083, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340517761, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929274071679978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926217711726961, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929274071679979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926217711726961, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=76, endPage=82, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322926416928580481, articleId=1322926416689505152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Exploring Mechanism of Gut Microbiota Driving TMA/FMO3/TMAO Pathway on Platelet Aggregation in Acute Coronary Syndrome Rats with Phlegm and Blood Stasis Syndrome Based on “the Heart is Connected with the Small Intestine”, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

Based on the theory of “the heart is connected with the small intestine” in traditional Chinese medicine,this study explored the mechanism of gut microbiota driving the TMA/FMO3/TMAO pathway to affect platelet aggregation in acute coronary syndrome(ACS)with syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis rats.

Methods

Forty-five SPF healthy SD rats were randomly divided into control group(CON),ACSgroup and ACSwith syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis group(TYACS),with 15 rats in each group.Eight-channel multi-lead electrocardiogram was used to record the changes of leadⅡelectrocardiogram of the standard limb of rats.The serum lipid levels of rats were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.HE staining was used to observe the structural changes of myocardial tissue.The maximum aggregation rate of platelet arachidonic acid(AA)and adenosine diphosphate(ADP)were detected by photoelectric turbidity method.LC/MS technology was used for detecting the levels of trimethylamine(TMA)and trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)in the plasma.Flavin containing monooxygenase 3(FMO3)gene and protein expressions in liver were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between TMAO and the maximum aggregation rate of platelet AA and ADP.Metagenomic technology was used to detect the characteristics of gut microbiome in rats.

Results

The ECG changes of rats in the ACS group and the TYACS group were consistent with ACS,and the serum lipid levels of rats in the TYACSgroup were consistent with the dietary imbalance of the syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis.HE staining showed that the myocardium of the CON group was arranged neatly and the cytoplasm was abundant.In the ACS group and the TYACSgroup,the inflammatory cell infiltration in the ischemic area,the loss of myocardial nucleus,the vacuolar degeneration of myocardial cells and the disorder of myocardial organization were observed.The maximum aggregation rate of platelet AA and ADPwere significantly increased in the ACS and TYACSgroups(P<0.01).LC/MS showed that the levels of TMA and TMAO in ACS group and TMA in TYACS group were showed an upward trend,and the level of TMAO in TYACSgroup was significantly increased(P<0.001).FMO3 mRNA and protein in liver of the ACS and TYACS groups were significantly increased(P<0.01).Maximum aggregation rate of platelet AA and ADP were positively correlated with TMAO level.Metagenomic analysis revealed that the characteristics of gut microbiome in the ACSand TYACS groups were significantly changed.The species markers significantly different in the CON group was Bacteroidetes,in the ACSgroup were Firmicutes and Fusobacteria,in the TYACS group were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Spirochaetes.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the bacteria were most enriched in AA metabolism,riboflavin metabolism and other pathways in ACSwith syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis rats,and the differences were the most obvious.ACS rats were especially related to AA metabolism,insulin resistance,riboflavin metabolism and other pathways.

Conclusions

The gut microbiome of rats with ACS and ACSwith syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis had significant characteristic changes.The platelet aggregation process of model rats may be related to a variety of different gut microbiota driving the TMA/FMO3/TMAO pathway,participating in AA metabolism,riboflavin metabolism,etc.This finding may provide a theoretical basis for exploring new methods to improve platelet aggregation function and prevent ACSby regulating flora forest,and enrich the theory of “the heart is connected with the small intestine” in traditional Chinese medicine.

, authors=Ni ZHANG1, Yanxi CHEN2, Xinya LI2, Wei CHEN1, authorsList=Ni ZHANG, Yanxi CHEN, Xinya LI, Wei CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322926419877176226, articleId=1322926416689505152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=基于“心合小肠”探讨肠道菌群驱动TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路影响痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征大鼠血小板聚集的机制, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

基于中医“心合小肠”理论探讨肠道菌群驱动TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路影响痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征(Acute coronary syndrome,ACS)大鼠血小板聚集的机制。

方法

45只SPF级健康SD大鼠,随机分为对照组(CON)、急性冠脉综合征组(ACS)、痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征组(TYACS),每组15只。八通道多导心电图记录大鼠标准肢体Ⅱ导联心电图变化。全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠血清血脂水平。苏木素—伊红(Hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)染色法观察大鼠心肌组织结构变化。光电比浊法检测血小板花生四稀酸(Arachidonic acid,AA)、二磷酸腺苷(Adenosine diphosphate,ADP)最大聚集率。LC/MS技术检测大鼠血浆三甲胺(Trimethylamine,TMA)、氧化三甲胺(Trimethylamine N-oxide,TMAO)含量,Realtime RT-PCR及Westernblot检测大鼠肝脏含黄素单氧化酶3(Flavin containing monooxygenase 3,FMO3)基因及蛋白表达。Spearman相关分析探讨TMAO与血小板AA、ADP最大聚集率的相关性。宏基因组技术检测大鼠肠道微生物组特征。

结果

ACS组及TYACS组大鼠心电图改变符合急性冠脉综合征,TYACS组大鼠血清血脂水平符合痰瘀互结证饮食不节改变。HE染色显示CON组大鼠心肌排列整齐、胞质丰富。ACS组及TYACS组大鼠缺血区炎症细胞浸润,心肌细胞核丢失,心肌细胞呈空泡样变,心肌组织紊乱。ACS组和TYACS组大鼠血小板AA和ADP最大聚集率均显著升高(P<0.01)。LC/MS技术检测发现ACS组大鼠TMA、TMAO含量均呈上升趋势。TYACS组大鼠TMA含量呈上升趋势,TMAO含量显著升高(P<0.001)。ACS组和TYACS组大鼠肝脏FMO3 mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显增高(P<0.01)。血小板AA、ADP最大聚集率与TMAO水平呈正相关。宏基因组技术发现ACS组和TYACS组大鼠肠道微生物组特征发生明显改变。CON组大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),ACS组大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria),TYACS组大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)。KEGG富集分析发现痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠尤其以花生四烯酸代谢、核黄素的新陈代谢等通路富集的菌群最多,差异最明显。ACS大鼠尤其以花生四烯酸代谢、胰岛素抵抗和核黄素的新陈代谢等通路相关。

结论

痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠和ACS大鼠肠道微生物组发生显著特征性改变,模型大鼠血小板聚集过程可能与多种差异菌群共同驱动TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路,参与花生四烯酸代谢和核黄素的新陈代谢通路等有关。这一发现可能为探索通过调节菌群森林改善血小板聚集功能,预防ACS的新手段提供理论依据,丰富中医“心合小肠”理论。

, authors=张妮1, 陈彦熹2, 李馨雅2, 陈韦1, authorsList=张妮, 陈彦熹, 李馨雅, 陈韦, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

张妮(1993-),女,辽宁昌图人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管疾病。

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=57ZPvsWNoONNd2MbFnim6w==, magXml=xFQYiwxziZ05Uf7oXms1Ug==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Jp2+F2WfSHh9uRjqYyqMiA==, pdfFileSize=4243682, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=uL/wcQu75PehMZf1ap/q9w==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=IR9Tl0AzkJB2ih+Mh5HtnA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322926420380492714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322926420451795884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420380492714, language=EN, stringName=Ni ZHANG, firstName=Ni, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322926420539876269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420380492714, language=CN, stringName=张妮, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032, bio={"content":"

张妮(1993-),女,辽宁昌图人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管疾病。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

张妮(1993-),女,辽宁昌图人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管疾病。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926420128834467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420137223076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420128834467, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420149805989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420128834467, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032)])]), Author(id=1322926420627956655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322926420716037041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420627956655, language=EN, stringName=Yanxi CHEN, firstName=Yanxi, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322926420812506034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420627956655, language=CN, stringName=陈彦熹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926420258857894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420267246503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420258857894, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420284023720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420258857894, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847)])]), Author(id=1322926420875420596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322926420955112374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420875420596, language=EN, stringName=Xinya LI, firstName=Xinya, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322926421022221239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420875420596, language=CN, stringName=李馨雅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926420258857894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420267246503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420258857894, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420284023720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420258857894, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847)])]), Author(id=1322926421089330105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322926421189993403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926421089330105, language=EN, stringName=Wei CHEN, firstName=Wei, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322926421278073788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926421089330105, language=CN, stringName=陈韦, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926420128834467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420137223076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420128834467, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420149805989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420128834467, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1322926421387125693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=the heart is connected with the small intestine), Keyword(id=1322926421458428862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=acute coronary syndrome with syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis), Keyword(id=1322926421521343423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=platelet aggregation), Keyword(id=1322926421592646592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=gut microbiota), Keyword(id=1322926421655561153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=TMA/FMO3/TMAO), Keyword(id=1322926421726864322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=心合小肠), Keyword(id=1322926421793973187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征), Keyword(id=1322926421861082052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=血小板聚集), Keyword(id=1322926421940773829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=肠道菌群), Keyword(id=1322926422012076998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=TMA/FMO3/TMAO)], refs=[Reference(id=1322926426235741157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=73, issue=5-6, pageStart=243, pageEnd=250, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=GACH O, EL H Z, LANCELLOTTI P, journalName=Rev Med Liege, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GACH O,EL H Z,LANCELLOTTI P. Acute coronary syndrome[J]. Rev Med Liege,2018,73(5-6):243-250., articleTitle=Acute coronary syndrome, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926426323821542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=2020, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=WANG L, JIN Y, journalName=Biomed Res Int, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG L,JIN Y. Noncoding RNAs as biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome[J]. Biomed Res Int,2020,2020:3298696., articleTitle=Noncoding RNAs as biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926426424484839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=110, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=SABOURET P, SPADAFORA L, FISCHMAN D, journalName=Eur J Intern Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SABOURET P,SPADAFORA L,FISCHMAN D,et al. De-escalation of antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease:Time to change our strategy?[J]. Eur J Intern Med,2023,110:1-9., articleTitle=De-escalation of antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease:Time to change our strategy?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926426495788008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=2, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=18, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=KWON O, PARK D W, journalName=JACC Asia, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KWON O,PARK D W. Antithrombotic therapy after acute coronary syndromes or percutaneous coronary interventions in east asian populations[J]. JACC Asia,2022,2(1):1-18., articleTitle=Antithrombotic therapy after acute coronary syndromes or percutaneous coronary interventions in east asian populations, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926426575479785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=48, issue=5, pageStart=542, pageEnd=551, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=PEDERSEN O B, PASALIC L, NISSEN P H, journalName=Semin Thromb Hemost, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PEDERSEN O B,PASALIC L,NISSEN P H,et al. Flow cytometric assessment of changes in platelet reactivity after acute coronary syndrome:a systematic review[J]. Semin Thromb Hemost,2022,48(5):542-551., articleTitle=Flow cytometric assessment of changes in platelet reactivity after acute coronary syndrome:a systematic review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926426659365866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=32, issue=1, pageStart=15, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=ALENAZY F O, THOMAS M R, journalName=Platelets, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ALENAZY F O,THOMAS M R. Novel antiplatelet targets in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes[J]. Platelets,2021,32(1):15-28., articleTitle=Novel antiplatelet targets in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926426730669035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=9, issue=4, pageStart=299, pageEnd=308, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=WONGSALAP Y, KENGKLA K, WILAIRAT P, journalName=Chronic Dis Transl Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WONGSALAP Y,KENGKLA K,WILAIRAT P,et al. Efficacy and safety of different dual antiplatelet strategies in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention:A systematic review and network meta-analysis[J]. Chronic Dis Transl Med,2023,9(4):299-308., articleTitle=Efficacy and safety of different dual antiplatelet strategies in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention:A systematic review and network meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926426793583596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=48, issue=12, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=DE LUCA L, GRAGNANO F, CALABRÒP, journalName=Curr Probl Cardiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DE LUCA L,GRAGNANO F,CALABRÒP,et al. Balancing benefits and risks of oral antiplatelet strategies in patients with coronary artery diseases:an evolving issue[J]. Curr Probl Cardiol,2023,48(12):102025., articleTitle=Balancing benefits and risks of oral antiplatelet strategies in patients with coronary artery diseases:an evolving issue, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926426864886765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=46, issue=6, pageStart=591, pageEnd=600, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=YI M, DAI X, LI Q, journalName=Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YI M,DAI X,LI Q,et al. 1H-NMR-based metabolomics study on coronary heart disease with blood-stasis syndrome and phlegm syndrome[J]. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban,2021,46(6):591-600., articleTitle=1H-NMR-based metabolomics study on coronary heart disease with blood-stasis syndrome and phlegm syndrome, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926426944578542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=10, issue=9, pageStart=9940, pageEnd=9952, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=LIU R, JIANG L J, YANG Y, journalName=Ann Palliat Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU R,JIANG L J,YANG Y,et al. Study on syndrome differentiation strategy of phlegm and blood stasis syndromes of coronary heart disease based on expert consultation on medical cases[J]. Ann Palliat Med,2021,10(9):9940-9952., articleTitle=Study on syndrome differentiation strategy of phlegm and blood stasis syndromes of coronary heart disease based on expert consultation on medical cases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427045241839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=12, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=FANG J, YU C H, LI X J, journalName=Front Cell Infect Microbiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FANG J,YU C H,LI X J,et al. Gut dysbiosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:pathogenesis,diagnosis,and therapeutic implications[J]. Front Cell Infect Microbiol,2022,12:997018., articleTitle=Gut dysbiosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:pathogenesis,diagnosis,and therapeutic implications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427120739312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=18, issue=8, pageStart=4242, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=PICCIONI A, DE CUNZO T, VALLETTA F, journalName=Int J Environ Res Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PICCIONI A,DE CUNZO T,VALLETTA F,et al. Gut microbiota and environment in coronary artery disease[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health,2021,18(8):4242., articleTitle=Gut microbiota and environment in coronary artery disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427217208305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=911, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=XIE Z, LIU X, HUANG X, journalName=Eur J Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE Z,LIU X,HUANG X,et al. Remodelling of gut microbiota by Berberine attenuates trimethylamine N-oxide-induced platelet hyperreaction and thrombus formation[J]. Eur J Pharmacol,2021,911:174526., articleTitle=Remodelling of gut microbiota by Berberine attenuates trimethylamine N-oxide-induced platelet hyperreaction and thrombus formation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427288511474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=17, issue=11, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=ZHANG F, WU L B, HU L, journalName=PLoSOne, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG F,WU L B,HU L,et al. Study on the central neural pathway and the relationship between the heart and small intestine via a dual neural tracer[J]. PLoSOne,2022,17(11):e0277644., articleTitle=Study on the central neural pathway and the relationship between the heart and small intestine via a dual neural tracer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427359814643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=9, issue=7, pageStart=595, pageEnd=596, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=GALLI M, ANDREOTTI F, SABOURET P, journalName=Eur Heart JCardiovasc Pharmacother, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GALLI M,ANDREOTTI F,SABOURET P,et al. 2023 ESC Guidelines on ACS:what is new in antithrombotic therapy?[J]. Eur Heart JCardiovasc Pharmacother,2023,9(7):595-596., articleTitle=2023 ESC Guidelines on ACS:what is new in antithrombotic therapy?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427431117812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=5, pageStart=540, pageEnd=552, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=HEEMSKERK J W M, WEST J, journalName=Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HEEMSKERK J W M,WEST J. Emerging technologies for understanding platelet diversity[J]. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol,2022,42(5):540-552., articleTitle=Emerging technologies for understanding platelet diversity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427510809589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=16, issue=3, pageStart=166, pageEnd=179, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=VAN DER MEIJDEN PE J, HEEMSKERK JW M, journalName=Nat Rev Cardiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VAN DER MEIJDEN PE J,HEEMSKERK JW M. Platelet biology and functions:new concepts and clinical perspectives[J]. Nat Rev Cardiol,2019,16(3):166-179., articleTitle=Platelet biology and functions:new concepts and clinical perspectives, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427586307062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=165, issue=1, pageStart=111, pageEnd=124, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=ZHU W, GREGORY J C, ORG E, journalName=Cell, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU W,GREGORY J C,ORG E,et al. Gut microbial metabolite TMAO enhances platelet hyperreactivity and thrombosis risk[J]. Cell,2016,165(1):111-124., articleTitle=Gut microbial metabolite TMAO enhances platelet hyperreactivity and thrombosis risk, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427670193143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=24, issue=3, pageStart=1940, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=CANYELLESM, BORRÀSC, ROTLLANN, journalName=J Mol Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CANYELLESM,BORRÀSC,ROTLLANN,et al. Gut microbiotaderived TMAO:a causal factor promoting atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease?[J]. J Mol Sci,2023,24(3):1940., articleTitle=Gut microbiotaderived TMAO:a causal factor promoting atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427741496312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=88, issue=null, pageStart=25, pageEnd=33, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=IVASHKIN V T, KASHUKH Y A, journalName=Vopr Pitan, refType=null, unstructuredReference=IVASHKIN V T,KASHUKH Y A. Impact of L-carnitine and phosphatidylcholine containing products on the proatherogenic metabolite TMAO production and gut microbiome changes in patients with coronary artery disease[J]. Vopr Pitan,2019,88:25-33., articleTitle=Impact of L-carnitine and phosphatidylcholine containing products on the proatherogenic metabolite TMAO production and gut microbiome changes in patients with coronary artery disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427808605177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=66, pageEnd=76, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=GE X, ZHENG L, ZHUANG R, journalName=Adv Nutr, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GE X,ZHENG L,ZHUANG R,et al. The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and hypertension risk:a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis[J]. Adv Nutr,2020,11:66-76., articleTitle=The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and hypertension risk:a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427900879866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=189, issue=null, pageStart=77, pageEnd=87, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=HASAN R A, KOH A Y, ZIA A, journalName=Thromb Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HASAN R A,KOH A Y,ZIA A. The gut microbiome and thromboembolism[J]. Thromb Res,2020,189:77-87., articleTitle=The gut microbiome and thromboembolism, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926427955405819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=14, issue=16, pageStart=3261, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=EMONDS JJ, RINGEL C, REINICKE M, journalName=Nutrients, refType=null, unstructuredReference=EMONDS JJ,RINGEL C,REINICKE M,et al. Influence of trimethylamine N-oxide on platelet activation[J]. Nutrients,2022,14(16):3261., articleTitle=Influence of trimethylamine N-oxide on platelet activation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428018320380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=21, issue=2, pageStart=151, pageEnd=159, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=NAM H S, journalName=JStroke, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NAM H S. Gut microbiota and ischemic stroke:the role of trimethylamine N-oxide[J]. JStroke,2019,21(2):151-159., articleTitle=Gut microbiota and ischemic stroke:the role of trimethylamine N-oxide, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428085429245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=13, issue=1, pageStart=144, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=DUTTAROY A K, journalName=Nutrients, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DUTTAROY A K. Role of gut microbiota and their metabolites on atherosclerosis,hypertension and human blood platelet function:a review[J]. Nutrients,2021,13(1):144., articleTitle=Role of gut microbiota and their metabolites on atherosclerosis,hypertension and human blood platelet function:a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428152538110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=12, issue=4, pageStart=364, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=MASSEY W, OSBORN L J, BANERJEE R, journalName=Metabolites, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MASSEY W,OSBORN L J,BANERJEE R,et al. Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3(FMO3)is critical for dioxin-induced reorganization of the gut microbiome and host insulin sensitivity[J]. Metabolites,2022,12(4):364., articleTitle=Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3(FMO3)is critical for dioxin-induced reorganization of the gut microbiome and host insulin sensitivity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428223841279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=14, issue=6, pageStart=1117, pageEnd=1124, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=ZHANG W Q, WANG Y J, ZHANG A, journalName=J Cardiovasc Transl Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG W Q,WANG Y J,ZHANG A,et al. TMA/TMAO in hypertension:novel horizons and potential therapies[J]. J Cardiovasc Transl Res,2021,14(6):1117-1124., articleTitle=TMA/TMAO in hypertension:novel horizons and potential therapies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428328698880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=228, issue=null, pageStart=109, pageEnd=125, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=ZHANG Y, WANG Y, KE B, journalName=Transl Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Y,WANG Y,KE B,et al. TMAO:how gut microbiota contributes to heart failure[J]. Transl Res,2021,228:109-125., articleTitle=TMAO:how gut microbiota contributes to heart failure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428416778240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=63, issue=null, pageStart=297, pageEnd=306, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=TANG W H, WANG Z, LI X S, journalName=Clin Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TANG W H,WANG Z,LI X S,et al. Increased trimethylamine Noxide portends high mortality risk independent of glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. Clin Chem,2017,63:297-306., articleTitle=Increased trimethylamine Noxide portends high mortality risk independent of glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428488081409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=127, issue=4, pageStart=553, pageEnd=570, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=WITKOWSKI M, WEEKS T L, HAZEN S L, journalName=Circ Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WITKOWSKI M,WEEKS T L,HAZEN S L. Gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease[J]. Circ Res,2020,127(4):553-570., articleTitle=Gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428580356098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=12, issue=10, pageStart=2982, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=VERHAAR B JH, PRODAN A, NIEUWDORP M, journalName=Nutrients, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VERHAAR B JH,PRODAN A,NIEUWDORP M,et al. Gut microbiota in hypertension and atherosclerosis:a review[J]. Nutrients,2020,12(10):2982., articleTitle=Gut microbiota in hypertension and atherosclerosis:a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428660047875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=42, issue=8, pageStart=41, pageEnd=45,268-271, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=曾祥法, 王武胜, 程璇, journalName=中华中医药学刊, refType=null, unstructuredReference=曾祥法,王武胜,程璇,等. 化痰活血通络方调节肠道菌群抑制脂多糖介导的炎症通路改善动脉粥样硬化小鼠血管损伤[J]. 中华中医药学刊,2024,42(8):41-45,268-271., articleTitle=化痰活血通络方调节肠道菌群抑制脂多糖介导的炎症通路改善动脉粥样硬化小鼠血管损伤, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428743933956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=刘垠杏, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘垠杏. 基于肠道菌群和代谢组学探讨养心通脉方对冠心病血瘀证大鼠的作用机制[D]. 长沙:湖南中医药大学,2023., articleTitle=基于肠道菌群和代谢组学探讨养心通脉方对冠心病血瘀证大鼠的作用机制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428815237125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=方向颖, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=方向颖. 2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者肠道菌群与冠状动脉病变的相关性分析[D]. 桂林:桂林医学院,2023., articleTitle=2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者肠道菌群与冠状动脉病变的相关性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428890734598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=32, issue=11, pageStart=1273, pageEnd=1278, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=冯春念, 曾琳智, 王仕均, journalName=中国微生态学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=冯春念,曾琳智,王仕均,等. 2型糖尿病与糖尿病肾病患者微炎症及肠道微生物多样性分析[J]. 中国微生态学杂志,2020,32(11):1273-1278., articleTitle=2型糖尿病与糖尿病肾病患者微炎症及肠道微生物多样性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926428957843463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=1, pageStart=50, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=晏才国, 王红梅, 李露, journalName=心脑血管病防治, refType=null, unstructuredReference=晏才国,王红梅,李露. 长期抗血小板治疗对老年脑梗死患者肠道菌群特征及肠道功能的影响[J]. 心脑血管病防治,2024,24(1):50-53., articleTitle=长期抗血小板治疗对老年脑梗死患者肠道菌群特征及肠道功能的影响, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322926425979888611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, awardId=82104841, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82104841), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322926426076357604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, awardId=L202039, language=CN, fundingSource=辽宁省教育厅青年科技人才“育苗”项目(L202039), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926420128834467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420137223076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420128834467, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420149805989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420128834467, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322926420258857894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420267246503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420258857894, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420284023720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420258857894, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322926422154683335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=6bUbD1j8dUi2WIJPLbUJTw==, figureFileBig=uL/wcQu75PehMZf1ap/q9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926422221792200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图1, caption=各组大鼠标准肢体Ⅱ导联心电图(30 min)变化, figureFileSmall=6bUbD1j8dUi2WIJPLbUJTw==, figureFileBig=uL/wcQu75PehMZf1ap/q9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926422523782089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=JPChShKDyk7B7gDGmdOt1Q==, figureFileBig=iY08q6AJRvDlJk5KD6r3lg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926422620251082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组大鼠血清血脂水平比较(n=15)

注:**与CON组比较,P<0.01;△△与ACS组比较,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=JPChShKDyk7B7gDGmdOt1Q==, figureFileBig=iY08q6AJRvDlJk5KD6r3lg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926422708331467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=kC2C0brzH6ZNjVgmoEeAwA==, figureFileBig=2LzGf/Z0+vO6u5FmIsExow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926422800606156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图3, caption=各组大鼠心肌组织HE染色比较(n=3), figureFileSmall=kC2C0brzH6ZNjVgmoEeAwA==, figureFileBig=2LzGf/Z0+vO6u5FmIsExow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926423006127053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=T6xExtQ6QMQDM3sXS+Wisw==, figureFileBig=fBrNDRdD5JDj6wE4VBtMvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926423073235918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图4, caption=各组大鼠血小板AA和ADP最大聚集率比较(n=15)

注:**与CON组比较,P<0.01;△△与ACS组比较,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=T6xExtQ6QMQDM3sXS+Wisw==, figureFileBig=fBrNDRdD5JDj6wE4VBtMvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926423362642895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=qoyh55EOSOn8PNtLyC9Aqg==, figureFileBig=X6G+5JAgRyIyPsDGFfeAyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926423438140368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图5, caption=各组大鼠血浆TMA、TMAO含量比较(n=6)

注:***P<0.001,**P<0.01,*P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=qoyh55EOSOn8PNtLyC9Aqg==, figureFileBig=X6G+5JAgRyIyPsDGFfeAyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926423534609361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=98UHoKmkyQE4VeA4xthYXQ==, figureFileBig=/ZFRrR27dQ54D92DEq4WzA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926423635272658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图6, caption=各组大鼠FMO3 mRNA表达水平比较(n=3)

注:**与CON组比较,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=98UHoKmkyQE4VeA4xthYXQ==, figureFileBig=/ZFRrR27dQ54D92DEq4WzA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926423857570771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=gSe1+ZxNFZrvBORBuXz7Mg==, figureFileBig=nlWMyxJlEO8G9b/GR1zJ8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926423945651156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图7, caption=各组大鼠FMO3蛋白表达水平比较(n=3)

注:**与CON组比较,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=gSe1+ZxNFZrvBORBuXz7Mg==, figureFileBig=nlWMyxJlEO8G9b/GR1zJ8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926424297972693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=X8A1eqEj4M33eu1pgPta/g==, figureFileBig=+4CcKmulpvdpRur0Z+YWgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926424377664470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图8, caption=TMAO与血小板AA、ADP最大聚集率的相关性分析, figureFileSmall=X8A1eqEj4M33eu1pgPta/g==, figureFileBig=+4CcKmulpvdpRur0Z+YWgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926424646099927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=y9AYCjqIFEe0reelzVJE0w==, figureFileBig=s/Fznt1BNhfj7gMC57w4/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926424725791704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图9, caption=Anosim分析, figureFileSmall=y9AYCjqIFEe0reelzVJE0w==, figureFileBig=s/Fznt1BNhfj7gMC57w4/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926424826455001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=bfr7h6gg8cTLojZFc0DttA==, figureFileBig=SQkfRDVoufT9ITL3amnu7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926425111667674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图10, caption=Alpha多样性分析, figureFileSmall=bfr7h6gg8cTLojZFc0DttA==, figureFileBig=SQkfRDVoufT9ITL3amnu7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926425195553755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=kYKUatnhFmBgG8nkToyAWg==, figureFileBig=DHI8qX2CCjpW0aHQDRJpQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926425262662620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图11, caption=门水平差异物种LDA值分布图, figureFileSmall=kYKUatnhFmBgG8nkToyAWg==, figureFileBig=DHI8qX2CCjpW0aHQDRJpQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926425350743005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=98CZAH6/E9vj2gZ186Sckw==, figureFileBig=1+9Zt+xlk5zsXS91CA8zfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926425522709470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图12, caption=属水平差异物种LDA值分布图, figureFileSmall=98CZAH6/E9vj2gZ186Sckw==, figureFileBig=1+9Zt+xlk5zsXS91CA8zfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926425585624031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=WplMbosEuPIkjcr6bl7/vg==, figureFileBig=dzqmPBHrQJkNnqZSD6hl1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926425661121504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图13, caption=血小板相关KEGG通路, figureFileSmall=WplMbosEuPIkjcr6bl7/vg==, figureFileBig=dzqmPBHrQJkNnqZSD6hl1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926425795339233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=n/LCikNEqXjS1lC2htKyGw==, figureFileBig=QmxeFnWjbnPX9ZPIXUstlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926425870836706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, language=CN, label=图14, caption=血小板相关KEGG通路比较, figureFileSmall=n/LCikNEqXjS1lC2htKyGw==, figureFileBig=QmxeFnWjbnPX9ZPIXUstlg==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1255846881855815682, delFlag=0, nameCn=中华中医药学刊, nameEn=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1673-7717, eissn=null, cn=21-1546/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=v4T+dd+NLAnioIpGAbkcEQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1777346829146, updatedTime=1788949222391, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=Z, firstLetterEn=Z, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=v4T+dd+NLAnioIpGAbkcEQ==, picEn=RAy5vuC40hwJB+Y0pEARug==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304510846391050374, language=CN, name=中华中医药学刊, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949222419, updatedTime=1788949222419, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://zyhs.cbpt.cnki.net/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://zyhs.cbpt.cnki.net/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://zyhs.cbpt.cnki.net/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304510846449770631, language=EN, name=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949222433, updatedTime=1788949222433, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://zyhs.cbpt.cnki.net/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://zyhs.cbpt.cnki.net/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://zyhs.cbpt.cnki.net/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1255847919539208197, websiteList=[Website(id=1255847989868900719, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1255847919539208197, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/CN, language=CN, createTime=1777347093312, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1777347427646, updateBy=18614031015, name=中华中医药学刊-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=中华中医药学刊, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1255849512594170105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989868900719, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1777347456358, updateTime=1777347456358, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849512564809974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989868900719, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1777347456352, updateTime=1777347456352, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849512631918844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989868900719, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1777347456367, updateTime=1777347456367, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849512552227061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989868900719, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/CN/file/pic?fileId=uitCA2DBwhJaQSiSV07uhw==, createTime=1777347456348, updateTime=1777347456348, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849512657084670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989868900719, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1777347456373, updateTime=1777347456373, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849512589975800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989868900719, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/CN/file/pic, createTime=1777347456357, updateTime=1777347456357, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849512648696061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989868900719, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1777347456371, updateTime=1777347456371, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849512581587191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989868900719, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1777347456355, updateTime=1777347456355, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849512619335930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989868900719, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1777347456364, updateTime=1777347456364, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849512627724539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989868900719, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1777347456366, updateTime=1777347456366, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1255847989944398211, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1255847919539208197, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/EN, language=EN, createTime=1777347093330, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1777347417860, updateBy=18614031015, name=中华中医药学刊-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1255849538993119491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989944398211, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1777347462652, updateTime=1777347462652, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849538972147968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989944398211, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1777347462647, updateTime=1777347462647, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849539047645446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989944398211, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1777347462665, updateTime=1777347462665, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849538930204927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989944398211, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/EN/file/pic?fileId=uitCA2DBwhJaQSiSV07uhw==, createTime=1777347462637, updateTime=1777347462637, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849539064422664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989944398211, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1777347462669, updateTime=1777347462669, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849538988925186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989944398211, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/EN/file/pic, createTime=1777347462651, updateTime=1777347462651, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849539060228359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989944398211, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1777347462668, updateTime=1777347462668, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849538980536577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989944398211, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1777347462649, updateTime=1777347462649, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849539001508100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989944398211, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1777347462654, updateTime=1777347462654, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1255849539039256837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1255847989944398211, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1777347462663, updateTime=1777347462663, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/zhzyyxk, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, journalPhotoCn=v4T+dd+NLAnioIpGAbkcEQ==, journalPhotoEn=RAy5vuC40hwJB+Y0pEARug==, journalFirstLetter=Z, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/CN/10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.017, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/EN/10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.017, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/CN/PDF/10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.017, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/EN/PDF/10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.017, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1754755200000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于“心合小肠”探讨肠道菌群驱动TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路影响痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征大鼠血小板聚集的机制
收藏切换
PDF下载
张妮 1 , 陈彦熹 2 , 李馨雅 2 , 陈韦 1
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(8): 76-82
收起
收藏切换
中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2025 , 43 (8) : 76 -82
基于“心合小肠”探讨肠道菌群驱动TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路影响痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征大鼠血小板聚集的机制
全屏
[Author(id=1322926420380492714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322926420451795884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420380492714, language=EN, stringName=Ni ZHANG, firstName=Ni, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322926420539876269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420380492714, language=CN, stringName=张妮, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032, bio={"content":"

张妮(1993-),女,辽宁昌图人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管疾病。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

张妮(1993-),女,辽宁昌图人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管疾病。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926420128834467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420137223076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420128834467, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420149805989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420128834467, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032)])]), Author(id=1322926420627956655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322926420716037041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420627956655, language=EN, stringName=Yanxi CHEN, firstName=Yanxi, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322926420812506034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420627956655, language=CN, stringName=陈彦熹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926420258857894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420267246503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420258857894, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420284023720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420258857894, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847)])]), Author(id=1322926420875420596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322926420955112374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420875420596, language=EN, stringName=Xinya LI, firstName=Xinya, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322926421022221239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926420875420596, language=CN, stringName=李馨雅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926420258857894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420267246503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420258857894, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420284023720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420258857894, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847)])]), Author(id=1322926421089330105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322926421189993403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926421089330105, language=EN, stringName=Wei CHEN, firstName=Wei, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322926421278073788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, authorId=1322926421089330105, language=CN, stringName=陈韦, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322926420128834467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420137223076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420128834467, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322926420149805989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926416689505152, companyId=1322926420128834467, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032)])])]
张妮1, 陈彦熹2, 李馨雅2, 陈韦1
作者信息
  • 1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032
  • 2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847
作者简介:

张妮(1993-),女,辽宁昌图人,主治医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合防治心血管疾病。

Exploring Mechanism of Gut Microbiota Driving TMA/FMO3/TMAO Pathway on Platelet Aggregation in Acute Coronary Syndrome Rats with Phlegm and Blood Stasis Syndrome Based on “the Heart is Connected with the Small Intestine”
Ni ZHANG1, Yanxi CHEN2, Xinya LI2, Wei CHEN1
Affiliations
  • 1.Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China
  • 2.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China
出版时间: 2025-08-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.017
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

基于中医“心合小肠”理论探讨肠道菌群驱动TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路影响痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征(Acute coronary syndrome,ACS)大鼠血小板聚集的机制。

方法

45只SPF级健康SD大鼠,随机分为对照组(CON)、急性冠脉综合征组(ACS)、痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征组(TYACS),每组15只。八通道多导心电图记录大鼠标准肢体Ⅱ导联心电图变化。全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠血清血脂水平。苏木素—伊红(Hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)染色法观察大鼠心肌组织结构变化。光电比浊法检测血小板花生四稀酸(Arachidonic acid,AA)、二磷酸腺苷(Adenosine diphosphate,ADP)最大聚集率。LC/MS技术检测大鼠血浆三甲胺(Trimethylamine,TMA)、氧化三甲胺(Trimethylamine N-oxide,TMAO)含量,Realtime RT-PCR及Westernblot检测大鼠肝脏含黄素单氧化酶3(Flavin containing monooxygenase 3,FMO3)基因及蛋白表达。Spearman相关分析探讨TMAO与血小板AA、ADP最大聚集率的相关性。宏基因组技术检测大鼠肠道微生物组特征。

结果

ACS组及TYACS组大鼠心电图改变符合急性冠脉综合征,TYACS组大鼠血清血脂水平符合痰瘀互结证饮食不节改变。HE染色显示CON组大鼠心肌排列整齐、胞质丰富。ACS组及TYACS组大鼠缺血区炎症细胞浸润,心肌细胞核丢失,心肌细胞呈空泡样变,心肌组织紊乱。ACS组和TYACS组大鼠血小板AA和ADP最大聚集率均显著升高(P<0.01)。LC/MS技术检测发现ACS组大鼠TMA、TMAO含量均呈上升趋势。TYACS组大鼠TMA含量呈上升趋势,TMAO含量显著升高(P<0.001)。ACS组和TYACS组大鼠肝脏FMO3 mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显增高(P<0.01)。血小板AA、ADP最大聚集率与TMAO水平呈正相关。宏基因组技术发现ACS组和TYACS组大鼠肠道微生物组特征发生明显改变。CON组大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),ACS组大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria),TYACS组大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)。KEGG富集分析发现痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠尤其以花生四烯酸代谢、核黄素的新陈代谢等通路富集的菌群最多,差异最明显。ACS大鼠尤其以花生四烯酸代谢、胰岛素抵抗和核黄素的新陈代谢等通路相关。

结论

痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠和ACS大鼠肠道微生物组发生显著特征性改变,模型大鼠血小板聚集过程可能与多种差异菌群共同驱动TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路,参与花生四烯酸代谢和核黄素的新陈代谢通路等有关。这一发现可能为探索通过调节菌群森林改善血小板聚集功能,预防ACS的新手段提供理论依据,丰富中医“心合小肠”理论。

心合小肠  /  痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征  /  血小板聚集  /  肠道菌群  /  TMA/FMO3/TMAO
Objective

Based on the theory of “the heart is connected with the small intestine” in traditional Chinese medicine,this study explored the mechanism of gut microbiota driving the TMA/FMO3/TMAO pathway to affect platelet aggregation in acute coronary syndrome(ACS)with syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis rats.

Methods

Forty-five SPF healthy SD rats were randomly divided into control group(CON),ACSgroup and ACSwith syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis group(TYACS),with 15 rats in each group.Eight-channel multi-lead electrocardiogram was used to record the changes of leadⅡelectrocardiogram of the standard limb of rats.The serum lipid levels of rats were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.HE staining was used to observe the structural changes of myocardial tissue.The maximum aggregation rate of platelet arachidonic acid(AA)and adenosine diphosphate(ADP)were detected by photoelectric turbidity method.LC/MS technology was used for detecting the levels of trimethylamine(TMA)and trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)in the plasma.Flavin containing monooxygenase 3(FMO3)gene and protein expressions in liver were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between TMAO and the maximum aggregation rate of platelet AA and ADP.Metagenomic technology was used to detect the characteristics of gut microbiome in rats.

Results

The ECG changes of rats in the ACS group and the TYACS group were consistent with ACS,and the serum lipid levels of rats in the TYACSgroup were consistent with the dietary imbalance of the syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis.HE staining showed that the myocardium of the CON group was arranged neatly and the cytoplasm was abundant.In the ACS group and the TYACSgroup,the inflammatory cell infiltration in the ischemic area,the loss of myocardial nucleus,the vacuolar degeneration of myocardial cells and the disorder of myocardial organization were observed.The maximum aggregation rate of platelet AA and ADPwere significantly increased in the ACS and TYACSgroups(P<0.01).LC/MS showed that the levels of TMA and TMAO in ACS group and TMA in TYACS group were showed an upward trend,and the level of TMAO in TYACSgroup was significantly increased(P<0.001).FMO3 mRNA and protein in liver of the ACS and TYACS groups were significantly increased(P<0.01).Maximum aggregation rate of platelet AA and ADP were positively correlated with TMAO level.Metagenomic analysis revealed that the characteristics of gut microbiome in the ACSand TYACS groups were significantly changed.The species markers significantly different in the CON group was Bacteroidetes,in the ACSgroup were Firmicutes and Fusobacteria,in the TYACS group were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Spirochaetes.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the bacteria were most enriched in AA metabolism,riboflavin metabolism and other pathways in ACSwith syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis rats,and the differences were the most obvious.ACS rats were especially related to AA metabolism,insulin resistance,riboflavin metabolism and other pathways.

Conclusions

The gut microbiome of rats with ACS and ACSwith syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis had significant characteristic changes.The platelet aggregation process of model rats may be related to a variety of different gut microbiota driving the TMA/FMO3/TMAO pathway,participating in AA metabolism,riboflavin metabolism,etc.This finding may provide a theoretical basis for exploring new methods to improve platelet aggregation function and prevent ACSby regulating flora forest,and enrich the theory of “the heart is connected with the small intestine” in traditional Chinese medicine.

the heart is connected with the small intestine  /  acute coronary syndrome with syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis  /  platelet aggregation  /  gut microbiota  /  TMA/FMO3/TMAO
张妮, 陈彦熹, 李馨雅, 陈韦. 基于“心合小肠”探讨肠道菌群驱动TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路影响痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征大鼠血小板聚集的机制. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (8) : 76 -82 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.017
Ni ZHANG, Yanxi CHEN, Xinya LI, Wei CHEN. Exploring Mechanism of Gut Microbiota Driving TMA/FMO3/TMAO Pathway on Platelet Aggregation in Acute Coronary Syndrome Rats with Phlegm and Blood Stasis Syndrome Based on “the Heart is Connected with the Small Intestine”[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (8) : 76 -82 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.017
急性冠脉综合征(Acute coronary syndrome,ACS)是众多国家患者死亡的主要原因,亦是我国发病率、致残率、死亡率和复发率都很高的一类疾病[1-2]。抗栓治疗贯穿于ACS患者的一生,是ACS预防和治疗的基石,但在临床实践中抗栓治疗十分复杂[3-4]。部分ACS患者血小板反应性高[5-6],即使进行规范化的抗血小板治疗,仍不能充分抑制血小板活性来预防和治疗冠状动脉缺血事件,并会增加部分患者的出血事件风险[7-8]。中医将ACS归属于“胸痹”“卒心痛”“真心痛”等范畴。明代秦景明《症因脉治》云“心痹之因……痰凝血滞”,将其病机关键概括为“痰凝血滞”。临床中痰瘀互结证作为ACS的常见高发证型,亦是中医防治ACS的重要切入点[9-10]。肠道微生物组作为人体“第二基因组”,影响ACS的发生发展[11-12],已逐渐成为防治ACS的潜在新靶点[12]。作为肠道菌群和肝脏产生的重要代谢产物,氧化三甲胺(Trimethylamine N-oxide,TMAO)可通过促进血小板胞外信号传导增强血小板反应性[13]。《黄帝内经》言“心合小肠,小肠者,脉其应”,概述了心与小肠在生理、病理、经络中的和合关系。小肠“泌别清浊”以养其心,小肠“主液”滑利血脉,小肠失于“别浊”化生痰瘀,痹阻胸阳,阻滞心脉而为胸痹。同时现代医学整合心脏和小肠的神经解剖,揭示了循环系统和消化系统之间的生理和病理相互作用[14]。因此,在中医“心合小肠”理论指导下,深入揭示肠道菌群驱动TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路影响痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征大鼠血小板聚集过程的机制,为挖掘通过调节菌群森林防治急性冠脉综合征的新方法提供理论基础,同时丰富中医“心合小肠”理论。
45只SPF级健康SD大鼠,体质量(200±20)g,雌雄各半,动物合格证号SCXK(辽)2020-0001,辽宁长生生物技术有限公司提供。适应性饲养1周,SPF级,光暗交替,恒温恒湿,动物自由饮食。本项目动物实验方案经辽宁中医药大学实验动物伦理委员会审查通过(批准号:21000042023058)。
高脂饲料:10%猪油、1%胆固醇、0.5%胆酸钠、0.2%甲基硫氧嘧啶、5%蔗糖、83.3%基础饲料,购自江苏美迪森生物医药有限公司(许可证号:10030)。维生素D3购自哈尔滨市通外区宏达动物药品厂(号:080021417)。异丙肾上腺素购自MedChemExpress生物科技公司(批号:hi-b0468)。
苏木素—伊红(Hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)染色试剂盒(Servicebio,G1003),血脂检测试剂盒(南京博研生物科技有限公司),RNA提取液(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,G3013),2×SYBR Green qPCR Master Mix实时荧光定量试剂盒(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,G3320),Swe-Script All-in-One First-Strand cDNA Synthesis SuperMix for qPCR(One-Step gDNA Remover)(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,G3337),RIPA裂解液(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,G2002-100ML),BCA蛋白定量检测试剂盒(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,G2026),超敏ECL化学发光试剂盒(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,G2020-25ML),ACTIN(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,GB12001),含黄素单加氧酶3(Flavin containing monooxygenase 3,FMO3)(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,GB113169),TMAO(Sigma-Aldrich,317594)、三甲胺(Trimethylamine,TMA)(Sigma_Aldrich,41284),Omega E.Z.N.A.Stool DNA Kit(Omega Bio-tek,Inc.,USAD,4015-02)等。
八通道多导心电图(安徽省正华生物仪器设备有限公司),全自动生化分析仪(日本东芝),组织切片机(徕卡仪器有限公司),荧光定量PCR仪(美国Bio-rad公司),垂直电泳仪(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司),转印电泳仪(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司),超高效液相色谱系统(美国Agilent公司),质谱仪(上海SCIEX公司),Covaris S220超声波破碎仪(美国Covaris公司),Qubit 2.0荧光定量仪(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司),Agilent 2100生物分析仪(美国Agilent公司),Illumina NovaSeq 6000测序仪(美国Illumina公司)。
45只SPF级健康SD大鼠,随机分为对照组(CON)、急性冠脉综合征组(ACS)、痰瘀互结证急性冠脉综合征组(TYACS),每组15只。适应性喂养1周后,制备痰瘀互结证模型,模拟饮食不节,在喂食开始时一次性腹腔注射维生素D3 40万IU/kg,高脂饲料连续喂饲30 d。利用团队前期研制的《中医证候动物模型症状评价专家系统》对大鼠痰瘀互结证进行评价。痰瘀互结证造模30 d成功后,给予各组大鼠异氟烷吸入麻醉,待麻醉成功后使其仰卧于台上,给予大鼠腹腔注射异丙肾上腺素45 mg/kg,复制急性心肌缺血大鼠模型,对照组大鼠腹腔注射等体积生理盐水。
八通道多导心电图记录30 min大鼠标准肢体Ⅱ导联心电图变化,测5个心动周期。
采集大鼠眼眶血,在试剂盒说明书指导下全自动生化分析仪检测血清中总胆固醇(Total Cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白(Low-density lipoprotein,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(High density liptein cholesterol,HDL-C)含量。
取100 g/L多聚甲醛固定的心肌组织,脱水、石蜡包埋、切片、脱蜡、梯度入水、苏木素—伊红(HE)染色、晾干、封片,光镜下观察心肌组织结构情况。
室温下100 g、10~15 min离心准备富血小板血浆,室温下3500 r/min、10~15 min离心富集血小板血浆,得到乏血小板血浆,对标本富血小板血浆和正常质控富血小板血浆进行血小板计数。最后设置血小板聚集仪参数并上机进行检测。
(1)代谢物提取:每50μL血清样品,加入10μL内标,450μL预冷乙腈溶液,涡旋混合30 s;4℃孵育10 min,沉淀蛋白;14 000 rcf,4℃离心20 min,取上清冷冻干燥。
(2)超高效液相色谱系统进行分离:样品置于4℃进样器中,柱温25℃,A:10 mM 甲酸铵+0.4%甲酸水溶液,B:0.4%甲酸乙腈溶液,流速为400μL/min。液相梯度:0~1.5 min,95% B;1.5~7.0 min,95%~85% B;7.0~7.1 min,85%~50% B;7.1~10 min,50% B;10~10.5 min,50%~90%B;10.5~14.5 min,90% B。质谱仪在正离子模式下进行质谱分析。5500 QTRAP ESI源条件如下:source temperature:550℃;ion SourceGas1(Gas1):55;Ion Source Gas2(Gas2):55;Curtain gas(CUR):40;ionSapary Voltage Floating(ISVF):+4500 V;采用MRM模式检测离子对。
取大鼠肝脏组织,按照RNA提取试剂盒说明书进行总RNA提取,将样本总RNA稀释至200 ng/μL,按照反转录试剂盒将总RNA反转录为cDNA,实时荧光定量试剂盒进行扩增,冰上配制扩增反应体系,进行40个循环扩增,根据扩增结果采用“标准曲线法”计算基因mRNA相对表达量并进行数据分析。FMO3、GAPDH引物委托武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司合成,引物序列如下:FMO3:5´-TGGGCAGCACAAGTAATAAGAGG-3´、5´-TGGCTCCTGACCACTTCCCT-3´,GAPDH:5´-CTGGAGAAACCTGCCAAGTATG-3´、5´-GGTGGAAGAATGGGAGTTGCT-3´。
取大鼠肝脏组织,于离心管中加入10倍组织体积裂解液,充分研磨提取匀浆液,4℃、12 000 r/min、10 min离心,分离上清液,提取总蛋白。配制蛋白标准品,使用BCA蛋白质定量检测试剂盒测量蛋白质浓度。将蛋白样品在SDS-PAGE凝胶上分离,并转移到PVDF膜上。然后将膜与抗FMO3抗体孵育过夜,然后用含HRP-偶联的山羊抗兔抗体,使用ECL增强化学发光试剂盒观察蛋白条带,并暴露于X射线胶片,扫描图像并分析灰度值。
参照Omega E.Z.N.A.Stool DNA Kit试剂盒说明书进行肠道微生物组DNA提取。提取得到的DNA用1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳和分光光度法进行DNA质量和浓度检测。检测合格的DNA样品用Covaris超声波破碎仪将基因组DNA随机打断成长度约300 bp的小片段,经末端修复、加A尾、加测序接头、纯化、PCR扩增等步骤完成整个文库制备。文库构建完成后,先使用Qubit 2.0进行初步定量,稀释文库至2 ng/μL,随后使用Agilent 2100对文库的插入片段进行检测,插入片段符合预期后,使用QPCR方法对文库的有效浓度进行准确定量(文库有效浓度>3 nmol/L),以保证文库质量。文库质检合格后,把不同文库按照有效浓度及目标下机数据量的需求pooling后在Illumina NovaSeq 6000平台测序。
对原始下机数据使用Trimmomatic(v0.36)软件进行质控,质控后将得到的高质量序列clean reads使用DIAMOND BLASTX算法进行比对和物种注释,使用组装软件MEGAHIT(v1.0.6)对测序数据进行组装。采用prodigal(v2.6.3)软件对组装得到的contig序列进行ORF(Open Reading Frame)预测,使用CD-HIT(v4.8.1)软件对预测的结果去冗余,从而得到非冗余基因集。采用Bowtie(v1.1.2)软件将测序数据与构建的非冗余基因集进行比对,并统计单个基因在不同样本的丰度信息。
本实验数据为计量资料数据,符合正态分布,采用表示,统计分析软件采用SPSS 28.0及GraphPad Prism 8.0。组间数据比较采用单因素方差齐性分析,方差齐时组间两两比较采用t检验,余进行LSD法检验;方差不齐时组间比较采用Tamhane检验,相关性分析采用Spearman相关分析,P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
CON组大鼠心电图正常,未见心律失常及ST-T异常改变;ACS组大鼠可见ST段上移约0.1 mV,TYACS组大鼠可见ST段上移约0.2 mV,ACS组及TYACS组大鼠心电图改变均为急性冠脉综合征心电图改变,说明造模成功,且TYACS组大鼠心电图改变较ACS组明显,说明痰瘀互结证会增加ACS大鼠心肌缺血病变。见插页ⅩⅨ图1。
与CON组和ACS组大鼠相比,TYACS组大鼠血清中TC、TG、LDL-C水平均显著升高(P<0.01),HDL-C水平显著下降(P<0.01),说明痰瘀互结证大鼠通过饮食不节造模成功。见图2。
CON组大鼠心肌排列整齐、胞质丰富。ACS组及TYACS组大鼠缺血区炎症细胞浸润,心肌细胞核丢失,心肌细胞呈空泡样变,心肌组织紊乱。见插页ⅩⅨ图3。
与CON组相比,ACS组大鼠血小板AA、ADP最大聚集率显著升高(P<0.01);与ACS组相比,TYACS组大鼠血小板AA、ADP最大聚集率显著升高(P<0.01)。见图4。
与CON组相比,ACS组大鼠TMA、TMAO含量均呈上升趋势,但差异无统计学意义。与CON组相比,TYACS组大鼠TMA含量呈上升趋势,但差异无统计学意义;TMAO含量显著升高(P<0.001)。与ACS组相比,TYACS组大鼠TMA含量呈下降趋势,但差异无统计学意义;TMAO含量显著升高(P<0.001)。见插页ⅩⅩ图5。
与CON组相比,ACS组和TYACS组大鼠肝脏FMO3 mRNA表达水平明显增高(P<0.01);ACS组和TYACS组大鼠肝脏FMO3 mRNA表达水平差异无统计学意义,见图6。
与CON组相比,ACS组和TYACS组大鼠肝脏FMO3蛋白表达水平明显增高(P<0.01);与ACS组相比,TYACS组大鼠肝脏FMO3蛋白表达水平呈增高趋势,但差异无统计学意义。见图7。
Spearman相关分析探讨TMAO与血小板AA、ADP最大聚集率的相关性,结果显示,TMAO与血小板AA、ADP最大聚集率呈正相关。见图8。
(1)Anosim分析:通过Anosim分析进行样本组间差异与组内差异比较,结果显示CON组、ACS组和TYACS组组间样本之间差异显著大于各组组内样本差异,说明各组间的样本微生物存在显著差异,分组具有意义(P=0.001),样本之间差异主要由分组因素导致,见插页ⅩⅪ图9。
(2)Alpha多样性分析:对3组菌群进行Alpha多样性分析,Shannon和Simpson指数用来估算样品中微生物组成的多样性,数值越大说明群落多样性越高。结果显示,与CON组相比,ACS组和TYACS组Shannon和Simpson指数均升高,且差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05),说明ACS组和TYACS组大鼠群落多样性升高。见插页ⅩⅪ图10。
(3)肠道菌群组间物种差异分析:通过秩和检验的方法检测3组组间的差异物种并通过LDA(线性判别分析)实现降维并评估差异物种的影响大小,即得到LDA值分布柱状图。结果发现:CON组显著差异的物种标志物是拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),ACS组显著差异的物种标志物是厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria),TYACS组显著差异的物种标志物是变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)。见图11。
在属水平上,LDA(线性判别分析)结果显示:CON组显著差异的物种标志物是另枝菌属(Alistipes)、Candidatus_Amulumruptor、紫单胞菌属(Muribaculum),ACS组显著差异的物种标志物是活泼瘤胃球菌(Mediterraneibacter)、醋酸杆菌属(Acetobacterium)、罗氏菌属(Roseburia)、梭菌属(Clostridium)、优杆菌属(Eubacterium)、颤杆菌属(Oscillibacter)、Pseudoflavonifractor、韦荣球菌属(Veillonella)、霍尔德曼氏菌属(Holdemania)、普氏梭杆菌(Flavonifractor)、毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae_unclassified)、Acetatifactor、链杆菌属(Streptobacillus)、丁酸弧菌属(Butyrivibrio)、Allobaculum、厌氧棍状菌属(Anaerotruncus)、Neglecta、Acutalibacter、粪球菌属(Coprococcus)、颤螺菌科(Oscillospiraceae_unclassified)、Hungatella、博尔特肠杆菌(Enterocloster)、厌氧弧菌属(Anaerovibrio)、泉发菌属(Kineothrix)、梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium),TYACS组显著差异的物种标志物是密螺旋体属(Treponema)、厌氧螺菌属(Anaerobiospirillum)、柯林斯菌属(Collinsella)、克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)、γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria;unclassified)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria;unclassified)、产碱杆菌属(Advenella)、无色杆菌属(Achromobacter)、极小单胞菌属(Pusillimonas_ex_Stolz_et_al_2005)、Adlercreutzia、脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)、螺旋体门(Spirochaetes;unclassified)、红蝽菌纲(Coriobacteriia_unclassified)、Dakarella、放线菌门(Actinobacteria;unclassified)、Duodenibacillus、Mesosutterella、啮齿杆菌属(Rodentibacter)、螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)、副沙门氏菌(Parasutterella)、沙门氏菌属(Salmonella)、放线菌属(Actinomyces)、脱硫弧菌科(Desulfovibrionaceae_unclassified)、Turicimonas。见插页ⅩⅫ图12。
(4)KEGG功能分析:为深入探讨肠道菌群对血小板功能的影响,本研究对筛选到的菌群进行富集KEGG功能分析,结果发现:在菌群富集的KEGG通路中与血小板相关的信号通路共11个,分别为花生四烯酸代谢Arachidonic acid metabolism、mTOR信号通路mTOR signaling pathway、MAPK 信号通路MAPK signaling pathway、PPAR信号通路PPAR signaling pathway、流体剪切力与动脉粥样硬化Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis、血脂与动脉粥样硬化Lipid and atherosclerosis、血小板激活Platelet activation、PI3K-Akt信号通路PI3K-Akt signaling pathway、核黄素的新陈代谢Riboflavin metabolism、类胡萝卜素生物合成Carotenoid biosynthesis、胰岛素抵抗Insulin resistance。见插页ⅩⅫ图13。
进一步利用Stamp分析寻找组间差异KEGG通路,结果发现:CON组和TYACS组大鼠花生四烯酸代谢、流体剪切力与动脉粥样硬化、PI3K-Akt信号通路、PPAR信号通路和核黄素的新陈代谢通路菌群富集较多,且组间差异存在统计学意义,见插页ⅩⅩⅢ图14A;CON组和ACS组大鼠花生四烯酸代谢、胰岛素抵抗、PI3K-AKT信号通路、PPAR信号通路和核黄素的新陈代谢通路菌群富集较多,且组间差异存在统计学意义,见插页ⅩⅩⅢ图14B;ACS组和TYACS组大鼠花生四烯酸代谢、MAPK信号通路、血小板激活和PPAR信号通路菌群富集较多,且组间差异存在统计学意义,见插页ⅩⅩⅢ图14C。
ACS是我国目前危害公民健康的重要疾病。血小板黏附、活化和聚集在ACS的病理过程中起关键作用。抗血小板治疗是预防和治疗血栓形成和减少临床不良事件的重要基石[15]。然而,环境、临床和遗传因素的相互作用导致了患者血小板反应的异质性[16]。同一种抗血小板药物在不同患者中具有不同的抗血小板作用,即血小板反应多样性[16-17]。部分患者由此导致心血管死亡等临床不良事件增加。因此,探讨影响ACS患者血小板反应性的机制具有重要意义。本研究通过高脂饮食喂养大鼠模拟饮食不节诱导痰瘀互结证模型。并通过腹腔注射异丙肾上腺素建立ACS模型。ACS及痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠血小板反应性增高,且痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠更加显著。
ZHU W 等[18]发现,肠道微生物通过产生TMAO直接促进血小板高反应性和血栓形成潜能增强。TMAO是由肠道菌群驱动的饮食诱导代谢物,主要通过肾脏排泄,可引起胆固醇代谢变化、炎症、内皮功能障碍和血小板活化[19-21]。TMAO直接暴露于血小板通过增加细胞内储存Ca2+的释放来增强血小板活化,引起血小板高反应性,促进血栓形成,并与心血管疾病相关[22-24]。并且肠道菌群和TMAO在调节血小板高反应性中的作用被微生物移植的动物模型证实[25]。TMAO由含TMA的饮食前体产生。高脂食品中的营养物质通过多种微生物酶复合物的作用产生TMA,进入门静脉循环,经肝脏中FMO3进一步代谢,生成TMAO[26-27]。本研究痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠血清TMAO水平明显升高,ACS大鼠血清TMAO水平呈上升趋势。痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠及ACS大鼠肝脏FMO3表达明显升高。说明痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路激活。且研究进一步通过Spearman相关分析显示,血小板AA%、ADP%与TMAO水平呈正相关。这与前人研究发现TMAO可直接促进血小板高反应性结论一致,进一步为临床预防痰瘀互结证ACS患者血小板高反应性提供新的目标靶点。
TMAO作为一种新发现的肠道菌群依赖性代谢物,可以作为早期预警标志物来识别有疾病进展风险的个体[28-31]。肠道微生物衍生的代谢物参与多种疾病的病理过程。在本研究中,ACS大鼠和痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠的肠道菌群特征发生了显著变化。正常大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是拟杆菌门,ACS大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是厚壁菌门、梭杆菌门,TYACS大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是变形杆菌门、放线菌门、螺旋体门。属水平差异物种标志物与门水平基本一致。且本研究ACS大鼠厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)与拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的比例(F/B)上升。ApoE-/-小鼠肠道菌群物种丰富度及多样性下降明显,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)与拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的比例(F/B)显著上升[32]。在分析不稳定性心绞痛热毒血瘀证患者的肠道菌群特征发现,非热毒血瘀证患者拟杆菌门丰度较热毒血瘀证患者显著增高,热毒血瘀证患者放线菌门丰度显著增多[33]。方向颖研究发现2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者肠道菌群中变形杆菌门水平增多[34]。2型糖尿病及糖尿病肾病患者血清hs-CRP水平与肠道毛螺菌属、瘤胃菌科、粪球菌属、梭杆菌属呈正相关[35]。亦有研究发现,老年脑梗死患者长期应用抗血小板治疗后肠道菌群特征以链球菌属、梭杆菌门等为优势菌群[36]。本研究与前人研究主要差异菌群趋势大体一致,但存在部分差异,这与肠道菌群特征及影响因素的复杂性等密切相关。
为深入探讨肠道菌群对血小板功能的影响,在菌群富集的KEGG通路中初步筛选与血小板相关的信号通路共11个,痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠花生四烯酸代谢、流体剪切力与动脉粥样硬化、PI3K-AKT信号通路、血小板激活、PPAR信号通路和核黄素的新陈代谢通路菌群富集较多,尤其以花生四烯酸代谢、PPAR信号通路和核黄素的新陈代谢通路富集的菌群最多,差异最明显。说明痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠血小板反应性增高与以上6个通路相关,其中可能尤其与花生四烯酸代谢、核黄素的新陈代谢通路和PPAR信号通路相关。ACS大鼠血小板反应性增高可能与花生四烯酸代谢、胰岛素抵抗、核黄素的新陈代谢通路、PI3K-AKT信号通路和PPAR信号通路相关。
综上,本研究初步揭示了痰瘀互结证ACS大鼠和ACS大鼠肠道菌群存在显著特征性变化,ACS大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是厚壁菌门、梭杆菌门,TYACS大鼠显著差异的物种标志物是变形杆菌门、放线菌门、螺旋体门。模型大鼠血小板聚集过程可能与上述多种菌群共同驱动TMA/FMO3/TMAO通路,参与花生四烯酸代谢和核黄素的新陈代谢通路等有关。这一发现可能为探索通过调节菌群森林改善血小板聚集功能,预防ACS的新手段提供理论依据,同时为痰瘀互结证ACS的诊疗策略更加优化奠定基础,并丰富中医“心合小肠”理论。然而,我们目前的数据是初步的,需要做更多的工作,包括诊断水平和更深入的研究水平。
  • 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82104841)
  • 辽宁省教育厅青年科技人才“育苗”项目(L202039)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
GACH O,EL H Z,LANCELLOTTI P. Acute coronary syndrome[J]. Rev Med Liege,2018,73(5-6):243-250.
[2]
WANG L,JIN Y. Noncoding RNAs as biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome[J]. Biomed Res Int,2020,2020:3298696.
[3]
SABOURET P,SPADAFORA L,FISCHMAN D,et al. De-escalation of antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease:Time to change our strategy?[J]. Eur J Intern Med,2023,110:1-9.
[4]
KWON O,PARK D W. Antithrombotic therapy after acute coronary syndromes or percutaneous coronary interventions in east asian populations[J]. JACC Asia,2022,2(1):1-18.
[5]
PEDERSEN O B,PASALIC L,NISSEN P H,et al. Flow cytometric assessment of changes in platelet reactivity after acute coronary syndrome:a systematic review[J]. Semin Thromb Hemost,2022,48(5):542-551.
[6]
ALENAZY F O,THOMAS M R. Novel antiplatelet targets in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes[J]. Platelets,2021,32(1):15-28.
[7]
WONGSALAP Y,KENGKLA K,WILAIRAT P,et al. Efficacy and safety of different dual antiplatelet strategies in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention:A systematic review and network meta-analysis[J]. Chronic Dis Transl Med,2023,9(4):299-308.
[8]
DE LUCA L,GRAGNANO F,CALABRÒP,et al. Balancing benefits and risks of oral antiplatelet strategies in patients with coronary artery diseases:an evolving issue[J]. Curr Probl Cardiol,2023,48(12):102025.
[9]
YI M,DAI X,LI Q,et al. 1H-NMR-based metabolomics study on coronary heart disease with blood-stasis syndrome and phlegm syndrome[J]. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban,2021,46(6):591-600.
[10]
LIU R,JIANG L J,YANG Y,et al. Study on syndrome differentiation strategy of phlegm and blood stasis syndromes of coronary heart disease based on expert consultation on medical cases[J]. Ann Palliat Med,2021,10(9):9940-9952.
[11]
FANG J,YU C H,LI X J,et al. Gut dysbiosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:pathogenesis,diagnosis,and therapeutic implications[J]. Front Cell Infect Microbiol,2022,12:997018.
[12]
PICCIONI A,DE CUNZO T,VALLETTA F,et al. Gut microbiota and environment in coronary artery disease[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health,2021,18(8):4242.
[13]
XIE Z,LIU X,HUANG X,et al. Remodelling of gut microbiota by Berberine attenuates trimethylamine N-oxide-induced platelet hyperreaction and thrombus formation[J]. Eur J Pharmacol,2021,911:174526.
[14]
ZHANG F,WU L B,HU L,et al. Study on the central neural pathway and the relationship between the heart and small intestine via a dual neural tracer[J]. PLoSOne,2022,17(11):e0277644.
[15]
GALLI M,ANDREOTTI F,SABOURET P,et al. 2023 ESC Guidelines on ACS:what is new in antithrombotic therapy?[J]. Eur Heart JCardiovasc Pharmacother,2023,9(7):595-596.
[16]
HEEMSKERK J W M,WEST J. Emerging technologies for understanding platelet diversity[J]. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol,2022,42(5):540-552.
[17]
VAN DER MEIJDEN PE J,HEEMSKERK JW M. Platelet biology and functions:new concepts and clinical perspectives[J]. Nat Rev Cardiol,2019,16(3):166-179.
[18]
ZHU W,GREGORY J C,ORG E,et al. Gut microbial metabolite TMAO enhances platelet hyperreactivity and thrombosis risk[J]. Cell,2016,165(1):111-124.
[19]
CANYELLESM,BORRÀSC,ROTLLANN,et al. Gut microbiotaderived TMAO:a causal factor promoting atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease?[J]. J Mol Sci,2023,24(3):1940.
[20]
IVASHKIN V T,KASHUKH Y A. Impact of L-carnitine and phosphatidylcholine containing products on the proatherogenic metabolite TMAO production and gut microbiome changes in patients with coronary artery disease[J]. Vopr Pitan,2019,88:25-33.
[21]
GE X,ZHENG L,ZHUANG R,et al. The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and hypertension risk:a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis[J]. Adv Nutr,2020,11:66-76.
[22]
HASAN R A,KOH A Y,ZIA A. The gut microbiome and thromboembolism[J]. Thromb Res,2020,189:77-87.
[23]
EMONDS JJ,RINGEL C,REINICKE M,et al. Influence of trimethylamine N-oxide on platelet activation[J]. Nutrients,2022,14(16):3261.
[24]
NAM H S. Gut microbiota and ischemic stroke:the role of trimethylamine N-oxide[J]. JStroke,2019,21(2):151-159.
[25]
DUTTAROY A K. Role of gut microbiota and their metabolites on atherosclerosis,hypertension and human blood platelet function:a review[J]. Nutrients,2021,13(1):144.
[26]
MASSEY W,OSBORN L J,BANERJEE R,et al. Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3(FMO3)is critical for dioxin-induced reorganization of the gut microbiome and host insulin sensitivity[J]. Metabolites,2022,12(4):364.
[27]
ZHANG W Q,WANG Y J,ZHANG A,et al. TMA/TMAO in hypertension:novel horizons and potential therapies[J]. J Cardiovasc Transl Res,2021,14(6):1117-1124.
[28]
ZHANG Y,WANG Y,KE B,et al. TMAO:how gut microbiota contributes to heart failure[J]. Transl Res,2021,228:109-125.
[29]
TANG W H,WANG Z,LI X S,et al. Increased trimethylamine Noxide portends high mortality risk independent of glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. Clin Chem,2017,63:297-306.
[30]
WITKOWSKI M,WEEKS T L,HAZEN S L. Gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease[J]. Circ Res,2020,127(4):553-570.
[31]
VERHAAR B JH,PRODAN A,NIEUWDORP M,et al. Gut microbiota in hypertension and atherosclerosis:a review[J]. Nutrients,2020,12(10):2982.
[32]
曾祥法,王武胜,程璇,等. 化痰活血通络方调节肠道菌群抑制脂多糖介导的炎症通路改善动脉粥样硬化小鼠血管损伤[J]. 中华中医药学刊,2024,42(8):41-45,268-271.
[33]
刘垠杏. 基于肠道菌群和代谢组学探讨养心通脉方对冠心病血瘀证大鼠的作用机制[D]. 长沙:湖南中医药大学,2023.
[34]
方向颖. 2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者肠道菌群与冠状动脉病变的相关性分析[D]. 桂林:桂林医学院,2023.
[35]
冯春念,曾琳智,王仕均,等. 2型糖尿病与糖尿病肾病患者微炎症及肠道微生物多样性分析[J]. 中国微生态学杂志,2020,32(11):1273-1278.
[36]
晏才国,王红梅,李露. 长期抗血小板治疗对老年脑梗死患者肠道菌群特征及肠道功能的影响[J]. 心脑血管病防治,2024,24(1):50-53.
2025年第43卷第8期
PDF下载
20
6
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.017
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-08-10
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82104841)
辽宁省教育厅青年科技人才“育苗”项目(L202039)
作者信息
    1.辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁 沈阳 110032
    2.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/CN/10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.017
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏