Article(id=1322926445927997556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926217711726961, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339843493, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1754755200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339843493, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339843493, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339843493, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322926217711726961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='8', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1754755200000', pubDateStr='2025-08-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339789083, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340517761, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929274071679978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926217711726961, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929274071679979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322926217711726961, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=44, endPage=50, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322926447739936886, articleId=1322926445927997556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Mechanism of Electroacupuncture Inhibition of Muscle Cell Apoptosis in Rats with Fascial Pain Syndrome Model Based on BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK Signal Pathway, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

Based on the “brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)/phospho-tropomyosin receptor kinase B(TrkB)/p38/c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)”signaling pathway,this study aimed to investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture stimulation of pain points in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome(MPS).

Method

SD rats were divided into normal group,model group,electroacupuncture group and western medicine group.MPSmodel rats were established by a combination of percussion and centrifugal exercise,followed by electroacupuncture stimulation of pain points and oral administration of celecoxib for intervention.After the experiment,the morphology of muscle tissues in rats of each group was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining.Prussian blue staining was used to observe the degranulation of mast cells in the muscle tissues of each group.TUNEL fluorescence staining was used to observe the cell apoptosis in the muscle tissues of each group.Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax),B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),cysteine aspartate-specific protease 3(Caspase-3),BDNF,TrkB,p38 and JNK in the muscle tissues of each group.Wes was used to detect the protein expression levels of Bax,Bcl-2,Caspase-3,BDNF,p-TrkB,p-p38 and p-JNK in the muscle tissues of each group.

Result

HE and Masson staining indicated that both electroacupuncture and celecoxib intervention can improve muscle pathological damage caused by MPS,and can inhibit mast cells degranulation and apoptosis of muscle cell.Electroacupuncture and celecoxib intervention can increase Bcl-2 mRNA expression and decrease the mRNA expressions of Bax,Caspase-3,BDNF,TrkB,p38 and JNK,increase Bcl-2 protein expression and decrease protein expressions of Bax,Caspase-3,BDNF,p-TrkB,p-p38 and p-JNK.Electroacupuncture was more effective than celecoxib.

Conclusion

Electroacupuncture can treat MPS by inhibiting the BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK signaling pathway,thereby reducing cell apoptosis in MPSaffected muscle tissue.In traditional Chinese medicine theory,electroacupuncture can be used to restore the imbalance of Qi,blood,Yin and Yang in the body,but the corresponding mechanism still needs further exploration.

, authors=Lie WANG1, 2, Tieming MA1, 2, Jiaxiang YU1, 2, Xingxing LIN1, 2, Shudong WANG1, 2, Junjie MA1, 2, Jiquan LI1, 2, Gege LI1, 2, Di BIAN1, 2, Ying WANG1, 2, Zhe HU1, 2, Shuai MA3, Baoqiang DONG1, 2, authorsList=Lie WANG, Tieming MA, Jiaxiang YU, Xingxing LIN, Shudong WANG, Junjie MA, Jiquan LI, Gege LI, Di BIAN, Ying WANG, Zhe HU, Shuai MA, Baoqiang DONG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shuai MA, Baoqiang DONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322926449807728773, articleId=1322926445927997556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=基于BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK信号通路研究电针抑制筋膜疼痛综合征模型大鼠肌肉细胞凋亡的机制, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

基于“BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK”信号通路,研究电针针刺激痛点治疗肌筋膜疼痛综合征(myofascial pain syndrome,MPS)的机制。

方法

将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、电针组、西药组,采用打击结合离心运动方式建立MPS大鼠模型后予以电针针刺激痛点、塞来昔布灌胃给药干预。实验结束后,通过苏木精-伊红染色法(hematoxylineosin,HE)和马松染色(masson´s trichrome,Masson)观察各组大鼠肌肉组织的形态,普鲁士蓝染色观察各组大鼠肌肉组织的肥大细胞脱颗粒情况,TUNEL荧光染色观察各组大鼠肌肉组织的细胞凋亡水平,逆转录聚合酶链式反应(Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction,RT-PCR)检测各组大鼠肌肉组织的BCL2-Associated X的蛋白质(Bcl-2 associated X protein,Bax)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3(cysteine aspartatespecific protease,Caspase-3)和脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)、酪氨酸激酶受体B(tropomyosin receptor kinase B,TrkB)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶p38(P38 MAPK,p38)、c-Jun氨基末端激酶(c-Jun N-terminal kinase,JNK)的mRNA表达水平,Wes检测各组大鼠肌肉组织的Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3和BDNF、磷酸化酪氨酸激酶受体B(Phospho-tropomyosin receptor kinase B,p-TrkB)、磷酸化p38丝裂原活化蛋白激(phospho-p-P38MAPK,pp38)、磷酸化c-Jun氨基末端激酶(phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinases,p-JNK)的蛋白表达水平。

结果

HE和Masson染色提示电针和塞来昔布干预均可以改善因MPS造成的肌肉病理损伤,并能够抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒和细胞凋亡水平,电针和塞来昔布干预能升高Bcl-2和降低Bax、Caspase-3、BDNF、p-TrkB、p-p38、p-JNK的m RNA表达水平,升高Bcl-2和降低Bax、Caspase-3、BDNF、p-TrkB、p-p38、p-JNK的蛋白表达水平,电针的疗效优于塞来昔布。

结论

电针可通过抑制BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK信号通路进而降低MPS病变肌肉组织的细胞凋亡水平以治疗MPS,在中医理论上可用电针恢复体内气血阴阳失衡解释,相应机制尚需要进一步探索。

, authors=王列1, 2, 马铁明1, 2, 于嘉祥1, 2, 林星星1, 2, 王树东1, 2, 马俊杰1, 2, 李记泉1, 2, 李格格1, 2, 卞镝1, 2, 王鹰1, 2, 胡哲1, 2, 马帅3, 董宝强1, 2, authorsList=王列, 马铁明, 于嘉祥, 林星星, 王树东, 马俊杰, 李记泉, 李格格, 卞镝, 王鹰, 胡哲, 马帅, 董宝强, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=马帅, 董宝强, authorNote=

王列(1985-),女,吉林德惠人,副教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针灸治疗肌筋膜疼痛综合征的基础与临床。

, correspAuthorsNote=
董宝强(1969-),男,辽宁本溪人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针灸推拿结合运动康复防治疾病的机理及临床。E-mail:。
马帅(1985-),男,辽宁营口人,副主任医师,博士,研究方向:针灸基础与临床。E-mail:。
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王列(1985-),女,吉林德惠人,副教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针灸治疗肌筋膜疼痛综合征的基础与临床。

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王列(1985-),女,吉林德惠人,副教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针灸治疗肌筋膜疼痛综合征的基础与临床。

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J Tradit Complement Med,2022,12(5):518-528., articleTitle=Moxibustion attenuates inflammation and alleviates axial spondyloarthritis in mice:Possible role of APOE in the inhibition of the Wnt pathway, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926466551390496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926445927997556, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=48, issue=4, pageStart=311, pageEnd=316,324, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=刘思佳, 刘军彤, 李记泉, journalName=针刺研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘思佳,刘军彤,李记泉,等. 针刺预处理“曲池”“血海”对荨麻疹大鼠肥大细胞及白细胞介素-33、肿瘤抑制素2表达的影响[J]. 针刺研究,2023,48(4):311-316,324., articleTitle=针刺预处理“曲池”“血海”对荨麻疹大鼠肥大细胞及白细胞介素-33、肿瘤抑制素2表达的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322926466618499361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926445927997556, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=48, issue=3, pageStart=274, pageEnd=280, url=null, language=null, 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articleId=1322926445927997556, language=CN, label=图4, caption=各组大鼠肌肉组织与细胞凋亡相关的蛋白和mRNA表达情况

注:A.Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3 mRNA表达情况;B.Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3蛋白表达电泳;C.Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3蛋白表达统计。**与正常组相比,P<0.01;△与模型组相比,P<0.05;△△与模型组相比,P<0.01;#与电针组相比,P<0.05;##与电针组相比,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=Ec/eAzaRxhz3AdPfdGhVQQ==, figureFileBig=pKP2beMtS86aYhbAer6YNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926461270761714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926445927997556, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=yX2ETrfmxyMWBLo9SrmJlQ==, figureFileBig=4x1uMdo5OE3A4K13o8D7Ow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926461346259187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926445927997556, language=CN, label=图5, caption=各组大鼠肌肉组织BDNF、TrkB、p38、JNK mRNA表达情况

注:**与正常组相比,P<0.01;△与模型组相比,P<0.05;△△与模型组相比,P<0.01;#与电针组相比,P<0.05;##与电针组相比,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=yX2ETrfmxyMWBLo9SrmJlQ==, figureFileBig=4x1uMdo5OE3A4K13o8D7Ow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926461417562356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926445927997556, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=8Sh7ABiyi6DzjIxLkSgg2w==, figureFileBig=LcG3PoMgIBPveAFWHduOHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926461484671221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926445927997556, language=CN, label=图6, caption=各组大鼠肌肉组织BDNF、TrkB、p-TrkB、p38、p-p38、JNK、p-JNK蛋白表达情况

注:A.BDNF、TrkB、p-TrkB、p38、p-p38、JNK、p-JNK蛋白表达电泳;B.BDNF、p-TrkB、p-p38、p-JNK蛋白表达统计。**与正常组相比,P<0.01;△△与模型组相比,P<0.01;#与电针组相比,P<0.05;##与电针组相比,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=8Sh7ABiyi6DzjIxLkSgg2w==, figureFileBig=LcG3PoMgIBPveAFWHduOHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322926461568557302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926445927997556, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物序列(5'-3')长度/(bp)退火温度/(℃)
BDNF上游:5'-GGGGTTAGGAGAAGTCAAGC-3'9360
下游:5'-TGGACAGCCACTTTGTTTCA-3'
TrkB上游:5'-CGTAGGGACACGCACTCTGA-3'14260
下游:5'-CCCAAGACCAGCAAG CATAA-3'
JNK上游:5'-AGCCTGCCTGCCAAG-TACAAG-3'8960
下游:5'-TCAGGTTGACACCAGCAGCAC-3'
P38上游:5'-GCAAC-CTCGCTGTGAATGAAGA-3'14860
下游:5'-CACGTAGCCGGTCATTTCGTC-3'
Bax上游:5'-CCCGAGAGGTCTTCTTCCG-3'13660
下游:5'-GAAGTCCAGTGTCCAGCCCA-3'
Bcl-2上游:5'-ACGCGAAGTGCTATTGGTAC-3'10260
下游:5'-ATGTACTTCATCACGATCTCC-3'
Caspase-3上游:5'-CATCCAGTCACTTTGCGCC-3'13560
下游:5'-TGCATGGAAAGTGGCGTCC-3'
β-actin上游:5'-GCCATGTACGTAGCCATCCA-3'28060
下游:5'-GAACCGCTCATTGCCGATAG-3'
), ArticleFig(id=1322926461644054775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322926445927997556, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

PCR引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物序列(5'-3')长度/(bp)退火温度/(℃)
BDNF上游:5'-GGGGTTAGGAGAAGTCAAGC-3'9360
下游:5'-TGGACAGCCACTTTGTTTCA-3'
TrkB上游:5'-CGTAGGGACACGCACTCTGA-3'14260
下游:5'-CCCAAGACCAGCAAG CATAA-3'
JNK上游:5'-AGCCTGCCTGCCAAG-TACAAG-3'8960
下游:5'-TCAGGTTGACACCAGCAGCAC-3'
P38上游:5'-GCAAC-CTCGCTGTGAATGAAGA-3'14860
下游:5'-CACGTAGCCGGTCATTTCGTC-3'
Bax上游:5'-CCCGAGAGGTCTTCTTCCG-3'13660
下游:5'-GAAGTCCAGTGTCCAGCCCA-3'
Bcl-2上游:5'-ACGCGAAGTGCTATTGGTAC-3'10260
下游:5'-ATGTACTTCATCACGATCTCC-3'
Caspase-3上游:5'-CATCCAGTCACTTTGCGCC-3'13560
下游:5'-TGCATGGAAAGTGGCGTCC-3'
β-actin上游:5'-GCCATGTACGTAGCCATCCA-3'28060
下游:5'-GAACCGCTCATTGCCGATAG-3'
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基于BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK信号通路研究电针抑制筋膜疼痛综合征模型大鼠肌肉细胞凋亡的机制
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王列 1, 2 , 马铁明 1, 2 , 于嘉祥 1, 2 , 林星星 1, 2 , 王树东 1, 2 , 马俊杰 1, 2 , 李记泉 1, 2 , 李格格 1, 2 , 卞镝 1, 2 , 王鹰 1, 2 , 胡哲 1, 2 , 马帅 3 , 董宝强 1, 2
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(8): 44-50
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中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2025 , 43 (8) : 44 -50
基于BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK信号通路研究电针抑制筋膜疼痛综合征模型大鼠肌肉细胞凋亡的机制
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王列(1985-),女,吉林德惠人,副教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针灸治疗肌筋膜疼痛综合征的基础与临床。

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王列(1985-),女,吉林德惠人,副教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针灸治疗肌筋膜疼痛综合征的基础与临床。

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王列1, 2, 马铁明1, 2, 于嘉祥1, 2, 林星星1, 2, 王树东1, 2, 马俊杰1, 2, 李记泉1, 2, 李格格1, 2, 卞镝1, 2, 王鹰1, 2, 胡哲1, 2, 马帅3 , 董宝强1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847
  • 2.辽宁省针灸养生康复重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110847
  • 3.沈阳市第七人民医院,辽宁 沈阳 110003
通讯作者:
董宝强(1969-),男,辽宁本溪人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针灸推拿结合运动康复防治疾病的机理及临床。E-mail:。
马帅(1985-),男,辽宁营口人,副主任医师,博士,研究方向:针灸基础与临床。E-mail:。
作者简介:

王列(1985-),女,吉林德惠人,副教授,硕士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针灸治疗肌筋膜疼痛综合征的基础与临床。

Mechanism of Electroacupuncture Inhibition of Muscle Cell Apoptosis in Rats with Fascial Pain Syndrome Model Based on BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK Signal Pathway
Lie WANG1, 2, Tieming MA1, 2, Jiaxiang YU1, 2, Xingxing LIN1, 2, Shudong WANG1, 2, Junjie MA1, 2, Jiquan LI1, 2, Gege LI1, 2, Di BIAN1, 2, Ying WANG1, 2, Zhe HU1, 2, Shuai MA3 , Baoqiang DONG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Health Rehabilitation in Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China
  • 3.Shenyang Seventh People´s Hospital,Shenyang 110003,Liaoning,China
出版时间: 2025-08-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.011
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目的

基于“BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK”信号通路,研究电针针刺激痛点治疗肌筋膜疼痛综合征(myofascial pain syndrome,MPS)的机制。

方法

将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、电针组、西药组,采用打击结合离心运动方式建立MPS大鼠模型后予以电针针刺激痛点、塞来昔布灌胃给药干预。实验结束后,通过苏木精-伊红染色法(hematoxylineosin,HE)和马松染色(masson´s trichrome,Masson)观察各组大鼠肌肉组织的形态,普鲁士蓝染色观察各组大鼠肌肉组织的肥大细胞脱颗粒情况,TUNEL荧光染色观察各组大鼠肌肉组织的细胞凋亡水平,逆转录聚合酶链式反应(Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction,RT-PCR)检测各组大鼠肌肉组织的BCL2-Associated X的蛋白质(Bcl-2 associated X protein,Bax)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3(cysteine aspartatespecific protease,Caspase-3)和脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)、酪氨酸激酶受体B(tropomyosin receptor kinase B,TrkB)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶p38(P38 MAPK,p38)、c-Jun氨基末端激酶(c-Jun N-terminal kinase,JNK)的mRNA表达水平,Wes检测各组大鼠肌肉组织的Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3和BDNF、磷酸化酪氨酸激酶受体B(Phospho-tropomyosin receptor kinase B,p-TrkB)、磷酸化p38丝裂原活化蛋白激(phospho-p-P38MAPK,pp38)、磷酸化c-Jun氨基末端激酶(phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinases,p-JNK)的蛋白表达水平。

结果

HE和Masson染色提示电针和塞来昔布干预均可以改善因MPS造成的肌肉病理损伤,并能够抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒和细胞凋亡水平,电针和塞来昔布干预能升高Bcl-2和降低Bax、Caspase-3、BDNF、p-TrkB、p-p38、p-JNK的m RNA表达水平,升高Bcl-2和降低Bax、Caspase-3、BDNF、p-TrkB、p-p38、p-JNK的蛋白表达水平,电针的疗效优于塞来昔布。

结论

电针可通过抑制BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK信号通路进而降低MPS病变肌肉组织的细胞凋亡水平以治疗MPS,在中医理论上可用电针恢复体内气血阴阳失衡解释,相应机制尚需要进一步探索。

“BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK”信号通路  /  肌筋膜疼痛综合征  /  电针  /  细胞凋亡
Objective

Based on the “brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)/phospho-tropomyosin receptor kinase B(TrkB)/p38/c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)”signaling pathway,this study aimed to investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture stimulation of pain points in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome(MPS).

Method

SD rats were divided into normal group,model group,electroacupuncture group and western medicine group.MPSmodel rats were established by a combination of percussion and centrifugal exercise,followed by electroacupuncture stimulation of pain points and oral administration of celecoxib for intervention.After the experiment,the morphology of muscle tissues in rats of each group was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining.Prussian blue staining was used to observe the degranulation of mast cells in the muscle tissues of each group.TUNEL fluorescence staining was used to observe the cell apoptosis in the muscle tissues of each group.Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax),B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),cysteine aspartate-specific protease 3(Caspase-3),BDNF,TrkB,p38 and JNK in the muscle tissues of each group.Wes was used to detect the protein expression levels of Bax,Bcl-2,Caspase-3,BDNF,p-TrkB,p-p38 and p-JNK in the muscle tissues of each group.

Result

HE and Masson staining indicated that both electroacupuncture and celecoxib intervention can improve muscle pathological damage caused by MPS,and can inhibit mast cells degranulation and apoptosis of muscle cell.Electroacupuncture and celecoxib intervention can increase Bcl-2 mRNA expression and decrease the mRNA expressions of Bax,Caspase-3,BDNF,TrkB,p38 and JNK,increase Bcl-2 protein expression and decrease protein expressions of Bax,Caspase-3,BDNF,p-TrkB,p-p38 and p-JNK.Electroacupuncture was more effective than celecoxib.

Conclusion

Electroacupuncture can treat MPS by inhibiting the BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK signaling pathway,thereby reducing cell apoptosis in MPSaffected muscle tissue.In traditional Chinese medicine theory,electroacupuncture can be used to restore the imbalance of Qi,blood,Yin and Yang in the body,but the corresponding mechanism still needs further exploration.

BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK signal pathway  /  myofascial pain syndrome  /  electroacupuncture  /  cell apoptosis
王列, 马铁明, 于嘉祥, 林星星, 王树东, 马俊杰, 李记泉, 李格格, 卞镝, 王鹰, 胡哲, 马帅, 董宝强. 基于BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK信号通路研究电针抑制筋膜疼痛综合征模型大鼠肌肉细胞凋亡的机制. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (8) : 44 -50 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.011
Lie WANG, Tieming MA, Jiaxiang YU, Xingxing LIN, Shudong WANG, Junjie MA, Jiquan LI, Gege LI, Di BIAN, Ying WANG, Zhe HU, Shuai MA, Baoqiang DONG. Mechanism of Electroacupuncture Inhibition of Muscle Cell Apoptosis in Rats with Fascial Pain Syndrome Model Based on BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK Signal Pathway[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (8) : 44 -50 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.011
肌筋膜疼痛综合征(myopascial pain syndrome,MPS)是发作于颈部、腰部的慢性疼痛综合征[1],患者的日常生活质量受到严重地降低,肌筋膜激痛点(myofascial trigger points,MTrPs)周围组织发生病理变化是MPS疼痛的关键[2]。对于MPS,西医主要采用激痛点注射、服用止痛药物等[3-4],上述治疗方式虽然能够缓解MPS的疼痛症状,但是不适合长期使用。相关临床研究表明,针灸治疗MPS可以起到舒筋活络,调和气血的作用,临床有效率高[6-7]。但是作用机制需要进行进一步探索。研究表明:肌肉如果发生病理变化会破坏免疫系统稳态并出现细胞凋亡[8-9],肥大细胞(mast cell,MC)具有强大的免疫调节功能[10],针灸治疗MPS是否与恢复免疫系统稳态和抑制细胞凋亡有关,尚未有相关研究进行,同时相关研究表明:脑源性神经营养因子(brain derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)通过与TrkB受体结合参与MPS的痛敏反应[11],以上过程可能与细胞凋亡以及MC脱颗粒情况有关,因此课题组以MPS模型大鼠为研究对象,通过相关指标的检测明确电针干预通过BDNF/TrkB/p38/JNK信号通路抑制细胞凋亡和MC脱颗粒的作用机制,旨在为MPS的临床治疗提供潜在的策略。
7周龄SPF级雄性SD大鼠24只,体质量220~250 g,购自辽宁长生生物技术有限公司,许可证号:SCXK(辽)2015-0001。上述大鼠饲养于辽宁中医药大学动物实验中心,动物实验环境温度维持在21~25℃,通风良好,湿度45% ±5%,每天明暗时间各半。本次实验动物福利和干预措施已经通过辽宁中医药大学动物实验中心伦理委员会的审核,审批编号为:21000042023110。
BCA蛋白测定试剂盒(康为世纪生物,货号:CW0014),BDNF(博奥森,货号:bs-2291R),TrKB(武汉三鹰,货号:13129-1-AP),p-TrKB(万类生物,货号:WL02988),p38(武汉三鹰,货号:14064-1-AP),p-p38(武汉三鹰,货号:28796-1-AP),Bax(武汉三鹰,货号:50599-2-Ig),Bcl-2(武汉三鹰,货号:CL488-50599),Caspase-3(武汉三鹰,货号:66799-1-Ig),TUNEL荧光染色试剂盒(赛默飞公司,货号:C10617),TRIzon总RNA提取试剂(康为世纪生物,货号:CW0580),HE染色试剂盒(上海碧云天生物科技有限公司,货号:C0105S),普鲁士蓝染色试剂盒(上海歌凡生物,货号:M021),塞来昔布(辉瑞制药有限公司,生产批准文号:J20120063)。
FT-200型动物跑步机,为成都泰盟软件有限公司生产;电针仪,为汕头医用设备厂有限公司所生产;φ0.35 mm×25 mm型华佗牌无菌针灸针,为苏州医疗用品厂有限公司生产;DMi8-M型倒置荧光显微镜,为德国徕卡公司生产;BX-51型光学显微镜,为日本Olympus公司生产;全自动蛋白质印迹定量分析系统,为美国Protein simple生产;ST16R型高速冷冻离心机、ABI型实时荧光定量PCR仪,为赛默飞公司所生产。
所有大鼠适应性喂养一周后,采用随机数字表法分为空白组与造模组。参照姚明华团队提出的“钝性打击结合离心运动”的方式复制MPS大鼠模型[12],首先进行8周的造模期干预,然后进行4周正常喂养,以做恢复。模型判定方法为:①局部肌紧张带或结节出现,②静息状态下出现自发电位,③针刺局部出现抽搐反应,同时满足三点即为模型成功[13],研究团队前期已经成功复制MPS模型[14]。将复制成功大鼠用随机数字表分为模型组、电针组、西药组。
造模结束后,电针组标记激痛点,采用0.35 mm×25 mm毫针斜刺并贯穿激痛点,提插捻转出现局部抽搐反应,连接电针正极,另一极连接在尾部以形成通路,之后施以频率2~20 Hz的疏密波,电流强度以大鼠下肢出现轻微颤动为宜,留针15 min,1次/d,连续治疗7 d。西药组给予塞来昔布灌胃给药(21 mg·kg-1),连续给药5 d,停药2 d[15]。空白组、模型组在相同时间和地点以采取相同方式进行抓取、固定,但不采取治疗措施。
末次干预后,予所有大鼠禁食不禁水12 h,用1%的戊巴比妥钠注射液麻醉后腹主动脉取血5 mL,在4℃、3000 r·min-1条件下离心10 min(离心半径182 mm)后取上清液,于-80℃冰箱冻存。随后在各组大鼠左下肢股内侧肌结节或膨大处切取1 cm3肌肉组织,一半置于4%多聚甲醛固定,另一半放置在冻存管中,存放于-80℃冰箱冻存待测。
将固定于4%多聚甲醛溶液中的各组大鼠肌肉组织取出,流水冲洗后进行组织脱水、石蜡包埋、切片(4μm)、脱蜡,随后进行苏木精-伊红染色,在200倍光学显微镜下观察各组大鼠激痛点处骨骼肌病理形态学变化,选取合适的视野进行拍照。
将置于4%多聚甲醛溶液中的各组大鼠肌肉组织取出后进行组织脱水、石蜡包埋、切片和脱蜡,之后进行Weigert铁苏木素染色8 min,乙醇分化液分化,然后用Masson蓝化液返蓝,丽春红品红染色液染色8 min,磷钼酸溶液冲洗2 min,最后再进行苯胺蓝染色液染色2 min,弱酸工作液冲洗1 min,无水乙醇脱水,二甲苯透明,中性树胶封片,在200倍光学显微镜选取合适视野进行拍照。
将固定于4%多聚甲醛溶液中的各组大鼠肌肉组织取出,前期处理方法同上,然后按照试剂盒的说明,将脱蜡后的肌肉组织用0.1%甲苯胺蓝溶液浸泡10 min,最后用中性树胶封片,在显微镜下观察,选取合适视野进行拍照(400倍)。
将固定于4%多聚甲醛溶液中的各组大鼠肌肉组织取出,前期处理方法同上,后用PBS漂洗2次,样本周围用吸水纸吸干水滴,按照TUNEL荧光试剂盒说明书操作,最终进行DAB显色,观察各组大鼠肌肉最终阳性凋亡细胞情况。
取冻存的各组大鼠肌肉组织,放入加有TRIzol1ml的离心管中震荡摇匀,并做好标记。再依次加入三氯甲烷、异丙醇、75%乙醇并分别在4℃,12 000 r·min-1离心后获得RNA样本,使用紫外分光光度仪器测量RNA浓度。按照逆转录试剂盒,逆转录成cDNA样本。按照说明书配置PCR反应体系,设定PCR反应条件(37℃反转录15 min);95℃预变性10 min;95℃变性10 s,60℃退火30 s,72℃延伸30 s,40个循环。以β-actin为内参,最终各目的基因相对表达量以2-ΔΔCt值为准。引物序列由北京博迈德基因技术有限公司合成,见表1。
精确称取各组大鼠激痛点肌肉组织10 mg,加入裂解液500μL后提取蛋白并测定蛋白浓度,计算样品所需配置比例,不同样品上样量均为4.5μL。配置DTT、5×mastermix、Biotin Ladder、样品(配置好的样品95℃,5 min变性),稀释一抗、二抗,稀释倍数分别为(Bax-1∶50;Bcl-2-1∶50;Caspase-3-1∶50;BDNF-1∶50;TrkB-1∶50;p-TrkB-1∶50;p38-1∶50;p-p38-1∶50;JNK-1∶25;p-JNK-1∶50;β-actin-1∶50,二抗1∶2000),并配置发光液,取出试剂板,将配制好的试剂依次加入板内,加液后盖好盖子,配平后在室温2500 r·min-1离心5 min;按说明书将对应试剂分别加入板内,放置板子及毛细管芯。按顺序依次打开Wes、电脑和Compass软件,并进行自检,输入设计好的布局,自动进行检测,并以β-actin作为内参对相应蛋白条带进行对比分析。
应用SPSS 27.0对所得的实验数据进行统计学分析,对符合正态分布且方差齐性的计量资料,采用单因素方差分析,不符合者采用非参数检验,对等级资料采用秩和检验,相关指标使用均值±标准差()表示,P<0.05及P<0.01表示差异有统计学意义。
HE染色结果显示:正常组大鼠的肌肉组织大致正常,肌肉细胞大小均匀,形状规则,呈多边形,大部分细胞边缘可见多个细胞核,且细胞核位于肌膜下;模型组大鼠肌组织不均匀,结构紊乱核内移现象较为明显;电针组和西药组肌肉细胞较模型组部分恢复正常,但是未达到正常组的水平,电针组好于西药组。
Masson染色结果显示:正常组大鼠肌肉组织细胞呈多边形,肌纤维排列紧密,有少量胶原纤维,染色呈蓝色。模型组大鼠肌肉组织细胞较为紊乱,有明显的胶原纤维增多现象,提示肌肉组织损伤较重。电针组和西药组肌肉组织细胞形态较模型组有所好转,呈近似多边形结构,胶原纤维比例明显降低,肌纤维比例明显升高,表明肌肉损伤有所好转,形态上电针组优于西药组,但在肌纤维和胶原纤维的分布上西药组好于电针组。具体HE和Masson结果如插页Ⅶ图1所示。
正常组大鼠肌肉组织肥大细胞形态大致正常,模型组大鼠肌肉组织肥大细胞出现脱颗粒现象,说明肌肉组织处于炎症状态,免疫平衡紊乱,电针组和西药组肥大细胞脱颗粒现象好转,并且电针组优于西药组。具体结果如插页Ⅵ图2所示。
正常组大鼠肌肉组织细胞形态大致正常,出现较少的凋亡细胞,模型组大鼠肌肉组织细胞形态紊乱,出现大量的凋亡细胞,电针组和西药组细胞凋亡情况受到抑制,但是仍未恢复到正常水平,电针组细胞凋亡情况好于西药组。具体结果如插页Ⅷ图3所示。
研究结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肌肉组织Bcl-2蛋白和mRNA表达水平显著降低,Bax、Caspase-3蛋白和mRNA表达水平显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);与模型组比较,电针组和西药组大鼠肌肉组织Bcl-2蛋白和mRNA表达水平显著升高,Bax、Caspase-3蛋白和mRNA表达水平显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);与电针组比较,西药组大鼠肌肉组织Bcl-2蛋白和mRNA表达水平显著降低,Bax蛋白和mRNA表达水平显著升高,Caspase-3蛋白表达水平显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。具体结果如图4所示。
与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肌肉组织中BDNF、TrkB、p38、JNK mRNA表达水平显著升高;与模型组相比,电针组和西药组大鼠肌肉组织中BDNF、TrkB、p38、JNK mRNA表达水平显著降低,与电针组相比,西药组BDNF、TrkB、p38、JNK mRNA表达水平升高,以上组间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。具体如图5所示。
与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肌肉组织中BDNF、p-TrkB、p-p38、p-JNK蛋白表达水平显著升高;与模型组相比,电针组和西药组大鼠肌肉组织中BDNF、p-TrkB、p-p38、p-JNK蛋白表达水平显著降低,与电针组相比,西药组BDNF、p-TrkB、p-p38、p-JNK蛋白表达水平显著升高,以上组间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。具体情况如图6所示。
随着人们工作和生活方式发生变化,久坐普遍,随之肩背部肌肉慢性劳损发生,最终引起局部肌肉的酸胀、僵硬、疼痛和麻木感,造成MPS的发病[16]。“不荣则痛、不通则痛”可以解释其疼痛的原因,同时MPS的发病必然会导致体内阴阳失衡,针刺MTrPs可以通过调节气血,恢复体内阴阳平衡以治疗MPS,在临床上受到广泛欢迎[17]。但是在治疗机制的研究上存在不足之处。研究团队前期以各组大鼠的脊髓组织为研究对象,通过转录组学技术筛选了模型组与电针组的差异mRNA,发现多个生物过程与信号通路和肌肉细胞凋亡有关,同时研究团队发现如果BV-2细胞的活性和凋亡水平受到抑制能降低中枢敏化,进而治疗MPS,但是电针是否可以抑制肌肉组织的细胞凋亡水平以治疗MPS尚无报道,因此研究团队通过TUNEL荧光染色技术观察各组大鼠肌肉细胞的凋亡情况,同时测定了与细胞凋亡的关键指标、骨骼肌组织肥大细胞脱颗粒情况和BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK信号通路的指标,以探究其关联性。
本研究发现,MPS发病时,肌肉组织形态受到破坏,出现病理损伤,经电针或塞来昔布干预后,病理损伤部分恢复,说明电针和塞来昔布治疗MPS有效。普鲁士蓝染色发现,模型组大鼠肌肉组织出现了肥大细胞脱颗粒,TUNEL荧光染色发现,模型组大鼠肌肉组织出现了大量凋亡细胞,该结果说明MPS发病时,肌肉中的肥大细胞通过磷脂膜代谢、细胞因子(TNFα、IL-4)和趋化因子(IL-8、MCP-1)释放炎症介质,破坏免疫平衡[18],最终导致细胞凋亡,但是经过电针或塞来昔布干预后,各组大鼠肌肉组织肥大细胞脱颗粒和凋亡水平受到抑制,说明电针或西药干预均可通过抑制肌肉组织的炎症水平进而抑制细胞凋亡,与细胞凋亡水平有关的Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3的蛋白和mRNA表达水平的检测证实了以上结论。因为Bax和Bcl-2同属Bcl-2家族,是常见的促凋亡蛋白和抗凋亡蛋白,在正常的机体组织细胞均可检测到,其表达水平代表了细胞的凋亡程度[19-20]。Caspase依赖途径的细胞凋亡是细胞凋亡的最重要形式[21],反应过程最终激活Caspase-3,导致DNA断裂与细胞死亡[22-23]。
相关研究表明,当蛋白激酶(MEK-ERK)信号通路被激活时,p-JNK、p-p38通过释放炎性细胞因子促进细胞凋亡[24],c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶p38抗体(p38MAPK)也是MEK-ERK信号通路的重要组成部分[25],BDNF 又可通过与原肌球蛋白受体激酶 B(tropomyosin-related kinase B,TrkB)结合进一步调节MEKERK信号通路[26-27]。因此研究团队认为电针抑制肌肉组织的肥大细胞脱颗粒和细胞凋亡可能通过BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK途径,因此继续检测了各组大鼠肌肉组织BDNF、TrkB、p38、JNK的mRNA表达水平和BDNF、TrkB、p-TrkB、p38、p-p38、JNK、p-JNK蛋白表达水平。实验结果证实,针刺MTrPs可以通过抑制BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK信号通路最终抑制MPS肌肉组织的细胞凋亡水平,这再次证实抑制BDNF可能是针灸治疗MPS的机制之一。此外,BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK信号通路的抑制可以抑制体内炎性因子的水平,这也在前期研究中得到验证[14]。
本研究基于前期研究设计[28],模型复制方法正确,阳性对照药选择合理,能很好地对比针刺的临床疗效[29]。本研究电针干预MPS的效果好于塞来昔布,结合相关高水平临床试验证实电针具有缓解疼痛的作用[30],说明电针相对于塞来昔布对MPS有更好的临床疗效,本研究采用Wes技术检测相应蛋白的表达水平,该技术能直接采集化学发光或荧光信号值,利用数字化信号峰面积来表征蛋白含量,短时间内实现了目的蛋白的可视化精准定量分析,准确度也大幅上升,提升了实验结果的说服力[31-32]。同时本研究存在如下不足:①未应用更先进的组学技术对针刺治疗MPS的机制进行全方位的挖掘;②体内实验缺乏BDNF拮抗剂+电针组进行干预;③研究结果缺乏体外实验验证支撑,研究团队将在后续实验中逐步落实,首先从靶向-非靶向代谢组学和蛋白质组学开始[34-35],同时研究团队拟参照同类研究方法深入研究肥大细胞脱颗粒与针刺疗效的关系[35-36]。
综上所述,电针可以通过调节体内气血及阴阳平衡有效治疗MPS,具体机制可能与抑制BDNF/Trkb/p38/JNK信号通路最终抑制MPS病变肌肉组织的细胞凋亡水平有关,电针治疗MPS的其他机制需要更多高水平的临床试验以及体内、体外动物实验进一步研究。
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  • 辽宁省科技厅博士启动项目(2023-BS-137)
  • 辽宁省科技厅创新能力提升联合基金项目(2022-NLTS-13-04)
  • 辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2019-ZD-0947)
  • 辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目青年项目(JYTQN2023462)
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2025年第43卷第8期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.08.011
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-08-10
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出版历史
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81574050)
辽宁省科技厅博士启动项目(2023-BS-137)
辽宁省科技厅创新能力提升联合基金项目(2022-NLTS-13-04)
辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2019-ZD-0947)
辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目青年项目(JYTQN2023462)
作者信息
    1.辽宁中医药大学,辽宁 沈阳 110847
    2.辽宁省针灸养生康复重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110847
    3.沈阳市第七人民医院,辽宁 沈阳 110003

通讯作者:

董宝强(1969-),男,辽宁本溪人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:针灸推拿结合运动康复防治疾病的机理及临床。E-mail:。
马帅(1985-),男,辽宁营口人,副主任医师,博士,研究方向:针灸基础与临床。E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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