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Article(id=1322923434040238476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923268038078806, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.04.034, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339125403, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1744214400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339125403, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339125403, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339125403, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322923268038078806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1744214400000', pubDateStr='2025-04-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339085826, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340586453, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929562572686061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923268038078806, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929562572686062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923268038078806, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=205, endPage=208, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322923434262536589, articleId=1322923434040238476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Effect of Modified Jiegeng Yuanshen Decoction（桔梗元参汤加减）in Treatment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Mediated by AGE-RAGE Signaling Pathway, columnId=1256183365644968140, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Platform of Provincial Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

In order to explore the effect of Modified Jiegeng Yuanshen Decoction（桔梗元参汤加减）in the treatment of allergic rhinitis（AR）mediated by advanced glycation end product（AGE）-receptor for advanced glycation end product（RAGE）signaling pathway.

Methods

A total of 260 patients with AR treated in the hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected and divided into a control group（130 cases）and an observation group（130 cases）by random number table method. The control group was given loratadine，and the observation group was treated with Modified Jiegeng Yuanshen Decoction of the hospital. The total effective rate，clinical symptoms，expression levels of AGE and RAGE proteins，inflammatory indicators［nuclear factor kappa-B（NF-κB），interleukin-6（IL-6），reactive oxygen species（ROS）］and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.

Results

Compared with that of the control group，the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher（P<0.05），and the clinical symptom scores were significantly decreased（P<0.05），the expression levels of AGEand RAGEproteins and the levels of NF-κB，IL-6 and ROSwere significantly decreased（P<0.05）. Mild adverse reactions such as dizziness，fatigue and gastrointestinal discomfort occurred in both groups. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was slightly lower than that in the control group，but there was no significant difference（P>0.05）.

Conclusion

Modified Jiegeng Yuanshen Decoction can reduce the degree of inflammatory response in patients with AR by inhibiting AGE-RAGE/NF-κB/IL-6 and AGE-RAGE/ROSsignaling pathways，thereby improving the treatment efficiency and relieving clinical symptoms.

, authors=Lilei JIANG, Jinsheng XU, Xiao ZHENG, authorsList=Lilei JIANG, Jinsheng XU, Xiao ZHENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jinsheng XU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322923436879782300, articleId=1322923434040238476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=桔梗元参汤加减在AGE-RAGE信号通路介导的过敏性鼻炎治疗中的作用研究, columnId=1256183369033965799, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=省级项目平台, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探究桔梗元参汤加减在高级糖化终产物（AGE）-高级糖化终产物受体（RAGE）信号通路介导的过敏性鼻炎（AR）患者治疗中的作用。

方法

选取医院2022年1月—2023年6月就诊的AR患者260例，采用随机数字表法分为对照组（130例）与观察组（130例），对照组给予氯雷他定，观察组给予桔梗元参汤加减治疗。比较两组患者治疗总有效率、临床症状、AGE及RAGE蛋白表达水平、炎症指标核因子-κB（NF-κB）、白细胞介素（IL）-6、活性氧（ROS）水平及不良反应情况。

结果

相比于对照组，观察组患者治疗总有效率显著升高（P<0.05），临床症状评分显著降低（P<0.05），AGE、RAGE蛋白表达水平及炎症指标NF-κB、IL-6、ROS水平显著降低（P<0.05）。两组患者均出现头晕、乏力、胃肠道不适等轻微的不良反应，观察组患者不良反应的发生率略低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。

结论

桔梗元参汤加减可通过抑制AGE-RAGE/NF-κB/IL-6及AGE-RAGE/ROS信号通路来减轻AR患者的炎症反应程度，从而提高治疗有效率，减轻临床不适症状。

, authors=姜黎雷, 徐进胜, 郑笑, authorsList=姜黎雷, 徐进胜, 郑笑, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=徐进胜, authorNote=

姜黎雷（1989-），女，江苏滨海人，主治中医师，硕士，研究方向：中医耳鼻咽喉科。

, correspAuthorsNote=
徐进胜（1982-），男，江苏赣榆人，副主任中医师，学士，研究方向：中医耳鼻咽喉科。E-mail：。
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姜黎雷（1989-），女，江苏滨海人，主治中医师，硕士，研究方向：中医耳鼻咽喉科。

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姜黎雷（1989-），女，江苏滨海人，主治中医师，硕士，研究方向：中医耳鼻咽喉科。

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articleTitle=植物多酚通过RAGE/MAPK/NFκB通路抑制AGEs诱导的炎症反应研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322923441438990809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=6, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=PENG Y Q, KIM JM, PARK H S, journalName=Sci Rep, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PENG Y Q，KIM JM，PARK H S，et al．AGE-RAGE signal generates a specific NF-κB RelA“barcode”that directs collagen I expression［J］．Sci Rep，2016，6：18822., articleTitle=AGE-RAGE signal generates a specific NF-κB RelA“barcode”that directs collagen I expression, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322923441522876890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=38, issue=3, pageStart=331, pageEnd=343, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=SUKJAMNONG S, CHEN H, SAAD S, journalName=Toxicol Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUKJAMNONG S，CHEN H，SAAD S，et al．Fimbristylisovata and Artemisiavulgaris extracts inhibited AGE-mediated RAGE expression，ROSgeneration，and inflammation in THP-1 cells［J］．Toxicol Res，2022，38（3）：331-343., articleTitle=Fimbristylisovata and Artemisiavulgaris extracts inhibited AGE-mediated RAGE expression，ROSgeneration，and inflammation in THP-1 cells, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322923439593497025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, awardId=BK20231045, language=CN, fundingSource=江苏省自然科学青年科学基金项目(BK20231045), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322923437089497501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322923437097886110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, companyId=1322923437089497501, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322923437106274719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, companyId=1322923437089497501, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=连云港市中医院，江苏　连云港　222000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322923438452646325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=vK71DU5UVoX6Rx0xOlGDag==, figureFileBig=KUi3RYdHGPGjEm1ODiXZjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322923438523949494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, language=CN, label=图1, 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组别例数显效有效无效总有效χ2值P值
对照组13015（11.54）80（61.54）35（26.92）95（73.08）88.013<0.001
观察组13088（67.69）35（26.92）7（5.38）123（94.62）
), ArticleFig(id=1322923438809162168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两组过敏性鼻炎患者治疗总有效率比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数显效有效无效总有效χ2值P值
对照组13015（11.54）80（61.54）35（26.92）95（73.08）88.013<0.001
观察组13088（67.69）35（26.92）7（5.38）123（94.62）
), ArticleFig(id=1322923438888853945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数治疗前治疗结束时治疗后1周
对照组1302.43±0.762.12±0.52*1.52±0.48*
观察组1302.48±0.781.94±0.42*1.12±0.32*
t值0.5233.0707.906
P值0.6010.002<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322923438955962810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两组过敏性鼻炎患者临床症状评分比较（±s）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数治疗前治疗结束时治疗后1周
对照组1302.43±0.762.12±0.52*1.52±0.48*
观察组1302.48±0.781.94±0.42*1.12±0.32*
t值0.5233.0707.906
P值0.6010.002<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322923439073403323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数AGERAGE
对照组1301.18±0.221.12±0.28
观察组1300.15±0.080.24±0.05
t值50.16735.276
P值<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322923439148900796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

两组过敏性鼻炎患者AGE、RAGE蛋白表达水平比较（±s）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数AGERAGE
对照组1301.18±0.221.12±0.28
观察组1300.15±0.080.24±0.05
t值50.16735.276
P值<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322923439241175485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数NF-κB/（pg/mL）IL-6/（pg/mL）ROS/（ng/mL）
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
对照组13042.13±8.6235.24±6.23*138.42±40.28104.33±30.56*22.47±4.2817.32±2.89*
观察组13042.32±8.0429.87±5.36*140.38±42.7696.42±28.28*22.52±3.8910.08±2.12*
t值0.1847.4500.3802.1660.09923.031
P值0.854<0.0010.7040.0310.922<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322923439329255870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923434040238476, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

两组过敏性鼻炎患者炎症指标水平比较（±s）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数NF-κB/（pg/mL）IL-6/（pg/mL）ROS/（ng/mL）
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
对照组13042.13±8.6235.24±6.23*138.42±40.28104.33±30.56*22.47±4.2817.32±2.89*
观察组13042.32±8.0429.87±5.36*140.38±42.7696.42±28.28*22.52±3.8910.08±2.12*
t值0.1847.4500.3802.1660.09923.031
P值0.854<0.0010.7040.0310.922<0.001
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组别例数头晕皮疹腹泻乏力胃肠道不适不良反应发生率χ2值P值
对照组1302（1.54）0（0.00）1（0.77）3（2.31）2（1.54）8（6.15）1.3980.237
观察组1301（0.77）0（0.00）0（0.00）2（1.54）1（0.77）4（3.08）
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两组过敏性鼻炎患者不良反应情况比较

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组别例数头晕皮疹腹泻乏力胃肠道不适不良反应发生率χ2值P值
对照组1302（1.54）0（0.00）1（0.77）3（2.31）2（1.54）8（6.15）1.3980.237
观察组1301（0.77）0（0.00）0（0.00）2（1.54）1（0.77）4（3.08）
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桔梗元参汤加减在AGE-RAGE信号通路介导的过敏性鼻炎治疗中的作用研究
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姜黎雷 , 徐进胜 , 郑笑
中华中医药学刊 | 省级项目平台 2025,43(4): 205-208
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中华中医药学刊 |省级项目平台 2025 , 43 (4) : 205 -208
桔梗元参汤加减在AGE-RAGE信号通路介导的过敏性鼻炎治疗中的作用研究
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姜黎雷, 徐进胜 , 郑笑
作者信息
  • 连云港市中医院，江苏　连云港　222000
通讯作者:
徐进胜（1982-），男，江苏赣榆人，副主任中医师，学士，研究方向：中医耳鼻咽喉科。E-mail：。
作者简介:

姜黎雷（1989-），女，江苏滨海人，主治中医师，硕士，研究方向：中医耳鼻咽喉科。

Effect of Modified Jiegeng Yuanshen Decoction（桔梗元参汤加减）in Treatment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Mediated by AGE-RAGE Signaling Pathway
Lilei JIANG, Jinsheng XU , Xiao ZHENG
Affiliations
  • Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China
出版时间: 2025-04-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.04.034
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摘要
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目的

探究桔梗元参汤加减在高级糖化终产物（AGE）-高级糖化终产物受体（RAGE）信号通路介导的过敏性鼻炎（AR）患者治疗中的作用。

方法

选取医院2022年1月—2023年6月就诊的AR患者260例，采用随机数字表法分为对照组（130例）与观察组（130例），对照组给予氯雷他定，观察组给予桔梗元参汤加减治疗。比较两组患者治疗总有效率、临床症状、AGE及RAGE蛋白表达水平、炎症指标核因子-κB（NF-κB）、白细胞介素（IL）-6、活性氧（ROS）水平及不良反应情况。

结果

相比于对照组，观察组患者治疗总有效率显著升高（P<0.05），临床症状评分显著降低（P<0.05），AGE、RAGE蛋白表达水平及炎症指标NF-κB、IL-6、ROS水平显著降低（P<0.05）。两组患者均出现头晕、乏力、胃肠道不适等轻微的不良反应，观察组患者不良反应的发生率略低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。

结论

桔梗元参汤加减可通过抑制AGE-RAGE/NF-κB/IL-6及AGE-RAGE/ROS信号通路来减轻AR患者的炎症反应程度，从而提高治疗有效率，减轻临床不适症状。

桔梗元参汤加减  /  过敏性鼻炎  /  AGE-RAGE信号通路
Objective

In order to explore the effect of Modified Jiegeng Yuanshen Decoction（桔梗元参汤加减）in the treatment of allergic rhinitis（AR）mediated by advanced glycation end product（AGE）-receptor for advanced glycation end product（RAGE）signaling pathway.

Methods

A total of 260 patients with AR treated in the hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected and divided into a control group（130 cases）and an observation group（130 cases）by random number table method. The control group was given loratadine，and the observation group was treated with Modified Jiegeng Yuanshen Decoction of the hospital. The total effective rate，clinical symptoms，expression levels of AGE and RAGE proteins，inflammatory indicators［nuclear factor kappa-B（NF-κB），interleukin-6（IL-6），reactive oxygen species（ROS）］and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.

Results

Compared with that of the control group，the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher（P<0.05），and the clinical symptom scores were significantly decreased（P<0.05），the expression levels of AGEand RAGEproteins and the levels of NF-κB，IL-6 and ROSwere significantly decreased（P<0.05）. Mild adverse reactions such as dizziness，fatigue and gastrointestinal discomfort occurred in both groups. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was slightly lower than that in the control group，but there was no significant difference（P>0.05）.

Conclusion

Modified Jiegeng Yuanshen Decoction can reduce the degree of inflammatory response in patients with AR by inhibiting AGE-RAGE/NF-κB/IL-6 and AGE-RAGE/ROSsignaling pathways，thereby improving the treatment efficiency and relieving clinical symptoms.

Modified Jiegeng Yuanshen Decoction（桔梗元参汤加减）  /  allergic rhinitis  /  AGE-RAGE signaling pathway
姜黎雷, 徐进胜, 郑笑. 桔梗元参汤加减在AGE-RAGE信号通路介导的过敏性鼻炎治疗中的作用研究. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (4) : 205 -208 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.04.034
Lilei JIANG, Jinsheng XU, Xiao ZHENG. Effect of Modified Jiegeng Yuanshen Decoction（桔梗元参汤加减）in Treatment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Mediated by AGE-RAGE Signaling Pathway[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (4) : 205 -208 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.04.034
正文
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过敏性鼻炎（AR）是一种由外源性变应原引起的鼻黏膜炎症性疾病，通常由外界过敏原（如花粉、尘螨、动物毛发等）引发，导致机体免疫系统异常兴奋，释放过多的免疫介质，如组胺和白细胞介素等，从而引发鼻腔黏膜炎症反应，主要表现为鼻塞、鼻流、喷嚏、鼻痒等症状[1-3]。AR的病理生理机制极其复杂，通常涉及免疫和炎症过程[4]，其中高级糖化终产物（AGEs）及其受体（RAGE）信号转导通路在炎症中具有重要作用[5]。AGEs是一类非酶催化反应产生的含碳水化合物结构的大分子物质，能够与RAGE结合，激活下游信号通路核因子-κB（NF-κB）、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）等，进而诱导细胞因子和趋化因子的表达，引起细胞凋亡、炎症、迁移等生物学效应[6-7]。因此，抑制AGE-RAGE信号通路的激活可能成为治疗AR的一种潜在策略。中医认为，AR属于“鼻鼽”范畴，其发病与肺脾肾三脏功能失调有关[8]。桔梗元参汤是一剂常用于治疗AR的中药方剂，由桔梗、人参、白术、甘草、陈皮、半夏等组成，具有益气健脾、宣肺开窍的功效[9]，但其是否会影响AGE-RAGE相关信号通路尚不明确。因此，本研究旨在探讨桔梗元参汤加减调控AGE-RAGE信号通路在AR患者治疗中的作用，以更深入地了解桔梗元参汤治疗的确切机制。
1　资料与方法
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1.1　一般资料
选取本院2022年1月—2023年6月就诊的AR患者260例，采用随机数字表法分为对照组（130例）与观察组（130例），对照组给予氯雷他定，观察组给予本院自制桔梗元参汤加减治疗。对照组男75例，女55例，年龄21～64岁，平均（32.12±10.32）岁。观察组男74例，女56例，年龄22～60岁，平均（31.87±10.68）岁，两组患者一般资料差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。所有患者及家属均知情并签署知情同意书，本研究经本院医学伦理委员会批准通过。
纳入标准：①年龄>18岁，男女不限；②符合AR的诊断标准[10]；③2周内未接受过任何相关治疗；④患者自愿参与并能配合完成本研究。
排除标准：①存在其他严重鼻腔疾病或鼻腔手术史；②对桔梗元参汤或氯雷他定过敏的患者；③具有严重的免疫系统疾病；④具有严重的肝功能异常或肾功能异常的患者；⑤孕妇或哺乳期妇女。
1.2　方法
对照组给予氯雷他定片（规格：10 mg×6片，国药准字H20050009；河南九势制药股份有限公司），1次/d，1片/次，连续服用7 d。
观察组患者给予本院自制桔梗元参汤加减治疗，主要包括桔梗20 g，杏仁20 g，玄参20 g，陈皮15 g，法半夏15 g，炙甘草15 g，茯苓10 g，生姜10 g，紫苏叶10 g，黄芪10 g，防风10 g，炒白术10 g，桔梗元参汤加减由本院中药药剂室熬制，每剂分装2袋，每次服用150 mL，每天早晚温服，连续服用7 d。
1.2.1　检测指标
（1）AGE、RAGE蛋白表达水平检测：治疗后提取患者鼻丘区域黏膜组织蛋白，并BCA定量。将蛋白样本加载到聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上进行电泳，将蛋白转移至PVDF膜上，5%脱脂奶粉封闭、AGE和RAGE一抗孵育过夜，二抗室温孵育1 h，曝光仪下进行曝光，Image J进行蛋白定量分析。
（2）炎症指标检测：治疗前及治疗后取患者静脉血5 mL，分离得到血清，于-80℃冰箱保存。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测患者血清中NF-κB、白细胞介素（IL）-6、活性氧（ROS）水平，严格按照说明书要求操作。
1.2.2　观察指标
（1）治疗总有效率：按照中医临床评价标准[11]分为显效、有效和无效，临床症状消失或基本消失，鼻黏膜充血明显改善，鼻腔通气良好为显效；临床症状明显改善，鼻黏膜充血减轻，鼻腔通气较好为有效；临床症状无明显改善或加重，鼻黏膜充血无明显变化或加重，鼻腔通气不畅为无效。
（2）临床症状改善情况：采用AR严重度评分标准[12]对患者的鼻塞、鼻流、喷嚏、鼻痒等主要临床症状进行评分，0分表示无临床表现；1分表示轻度（不影响日常生活和工作）；2分表示中度（轻微影响日常生活和工作）；3分表示重度（明显影响日常生活和工作），评分越高AR的严重程度越高。
（3）不良反应：记录并评价两组患者在治疗过程中出现的不良反应，如头晕、皮疹、腹泻、乏力、胃肠道不适等。
1.3　统计学分析
数据采用SPSS 20.0软件分析，计量资料以表示，t检验比较组间差异；计数资料以率例（%）表示，χ2检验比较组间差异，当P<0.05时差异存在统计学意义，P<0.01时差异存在显著统计学意义。
2　结果
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2.1　治疗总有效率比较
两组患者治疗总有效率如表1所示，观察组患者显效例数显著高于对照组，治疗总有效率显著升高（P<0.05），说明桔梗元参汤加减能够显著提高AR患者的治疗总有效率。
2.2　临床症状评分比较
两组患者临床症状评分如表2所示，治疗后观察组患者临床症状评分显著降低，且低于对照组（P<0.05），说明桔梗元参汤加减可显著改善患者的鼻塞、鼻流、喷嚏、鼻痒等临床症状。
2.3　AGE、RAGE蛋白表达水平比较
两组患者AGE、RAGE蛋白表达水平如表3、图1所示，治疗后观察组患者AGE、RAGE蛋白表达水平显著低于对照组（P<0.05），说明桔梗元参汤加减可抑制AGE-RAGE信号通路的激活，从而减轻AR引起的炎症反应。
2.4　炎症指标水平比较
两组患者炎症指标水平如表4所示，治疗前两组患者NF-κB、IL-6、ROS水平差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05），治疗后观察组患者NF-κB、IL-6、ROS水平显著低于对照组（P<0.05），说明桔梗元参汤加减治疗可能通过抑制AGERAGE/NF-κB/IL-6及AGE-RAGE/ROS信号通路来减轻AR患者的炎症反应程度。
2.5　不良反应情况比较
两组患者不良反应发生情况如表5所示，两组患者均出现头晕、乏力、胃肠道不适等轻微的不良反应，观察组患者不良反应的发生率略低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），说明桔梗元参汤加减治疗AR的安全性较好，不会增加患者不适的风险。
3　讨论
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AR是一种常见的过敏性呼吸道疾病，发病率逐年上升，严重影响了患者的生活质量和工作效能[13]。AR的病理生理机制涉及免疫和炎症过程，其中AGE-RAGE信号通路在过敏性疾病中发挥着重要的作用[14]。研究表明，当AGEs与RAGE结合时会激活NF-κB通路，使其进入细胞核，促进IL-6等炎症相关基因的表达，导致免疫细胞因子的释放，从而进一步加剧炎症反应[15-16]。AGE-RAGE信号通路与免疫反应、氧化应激、细胞凋亡等生物学过程密切相关[17]，可能是治疗AR的潜在靶点。目前，AR的治疗主要包括药物治疗、特异性免疫治疗和避免接触变应原等，但这些方法均存在一定的局限性和不良反应。因此，寻找更有效的治疗方法和策略对于改善AR患者的生活质量至关重要。桔梗元参汤作为传统中药方剂，已被广泛用于治疗AR、肺部疾病、咳嗽、喉咙痛、口渴等症状[18]。中医认为，桔梗具有宣肺清热、利喉止咳的作用[19]，而元参有滋阴清热、润燥生津的特性[20]，两种草药的结合具有协同作用，有助于调节体内的炎症和免疫反应[21-22]。然而，桔梗元参汤其是否会影响AGE-RAGE相关信号通路目前尚不明确。因此，本研究旨在探究桔梗元参汤加减调控AGE-RAGE信号通路在AR患者治疗中的作用，以期为未来的研究提供更深入的理解。
本研究结果显示，观察组患者显效例数显著高于对照组，治疗总有效率显著升高（P<0.05），说明桔梗元参汤加减能够显著提高AR患者的治疗总有效率。治疗后观察组患者临床症状评分显著降低，且低于对照组（P<0.05），说明桔梗元参汤加减可显著改善患者的鼻塞、鼻流、喷嚏、鼻痒等临床症状。观察组患者AGE、RAGE蛋白表达水平显著低于对照组（P<0.05），说明桔梗元参汤加减可抑制AGE-RAGE信号通路的激活，从而减轻AR引起的炎症反应。NF-κB是重要的转录因子，其在细胞核内调控多种基因的表达，当RAGE激活NFκB通路时，会导致炎症反应的增强，产生促炎细胞因子，进一步加剧炎症反应[23-24]。ROS是氧化应激物质，其过度生成与氧化损伤和炎症过程密切相关[25]。桔梗元参汤加减治疗后观察组患者NF-κB、IL-6、ROS水平显著低于对照组（P<0.05），说明桔梗元参汤加减治疗可能通过抑制AGE-RAGE/NF-κB/IL-6及AGE-RAGE/ROS信号通路来减轻AR患者的炎症反应程度。此外，两组患者均出现头晕、乏力、胃肠道不适等轻微的不良反应，观察组患者不良反应的发生率略低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），说明桔梗元参汤加减治疗AR的安全性较好，不会增加患者不适的风险。
综上所述，桔梗元参汤加减可通过抑制AGE-RAGE/NF-κB/IL-6及AGE-RAGE/ROS信号通路来减轻AR患者的炎症反应程度，从而提高治疗有效率，减轻临床不适症状，且不良反应发生率低，具有良好的安全性。然而，本研究仍存在一定的局限性，如样本量较小、检测的炎症指标过少等，未来研究需扩大样本量，增加TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-4等炎症相关指标的检测，探讨可能影响的其他信号通路，从而更深入地了解桔梗元参汤治疗的确切机制，以提高个体化治疗效果。
基金
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  • 江苏省自然科学青年科学基金项目(BK20231045)
文献
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2025年第43卷第4期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.04.034
  • 首发时间：2026-10-30
  • 出版时间：2025-04-10
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江苏省自然科学青年科学基金项目(BK20231045)
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    连云港市中医院，江苏　连云港　222000

通讯作者:

徐进胜（1982-），男，江苏赣榆人，副主任中医师，学士，研究方向：中医耳鼻咽喉科。E-mail：。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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