Article(id=1322923284517486793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923011518628427, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.03.031, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339089755, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1741536000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339089755, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339089755, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339089755, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322923011518628427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1741536000000', pubDateStr='2025-03-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793339024666, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340602374, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929628976906432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923011518628427, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929628981100737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322923011518628427, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=170, endPage=174, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322923284748173514, articleId=1322923284517486793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(补中益气汤)Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress through Nrf2/ROS Pathway to Improve Molecular Mechanism of Cisplatin Resistance in A549 Cells and A549/DDP Cells, columnId=1256183361521967297, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Target on National Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

By studying the effect of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(补中益气汤)on the endoplasmic reticulum stress of A549 cells and A549/DDP cells through Nrf2/ROSpathway,the molecular mechanism of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction improving cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer was investigated.

Method

The serum containing Buzhong Yiqi Decoction was prepared and A549 cells and A549/DDP cells were cultured. They were randomly divided into group A(A549 cells),Group B(A549 cells+20μg/mL cisplatin),group C(A549 cells+20μg/mL cisplatin+10% Buzhong Yiqi Decoction-containing serum),group D(A549/DDP cells),group E(A549/DDP cells+20μg/mL cisplatin)and group F(A549/DDP cells+20μg/mL cisplatin+10% Buzhong Yiqi Decoction-containing serum). Half inhibitory concentration of cisplatin(IC50)was detected by CCK-8 method,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)were detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe method. The protein expression levels of Nrf2,P-Nrf2,PERK,P-PERK,eIF2α,P-eIF2α,IRE1 and XBP1 were detected by Western blot.

Result

In both A549 cells and A549/DDP cells,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction significantly decreased the IC50 value of cisplatin(P<0.05). In both cells,cisplatin could up-regulate the protein expressions of Nrf2 and P-Nrf2,and after the intervention of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,the expression levels of both were down-regulated(P<0.05)in A549/DDPcells compared with those in A549 cells(P<0.05). Compared with the blank group,cisplatin could up-regulate the ROSexpression of the two cells(P<0.05),the ROS expression was further up-regulated after combined with Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(P<0.05),and the ROSexpression level of A549 cells was significantly higher than that of A549/DDP cells(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the expressions of PERK and eIF2αamong all groups(P>0.05). Cisplatin significantly up-regulated the protein expressions of PPERK,P-eIF2α,IRE1 and XBP1 in the two cell lines,and the expression was up-regulated again after the intervention of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(P<0.05),and the expression of ER stress protein in A549 cells was higher than that in A549/DDP cells(P<0.05).

Conclusion

Buzhong Yiqi Decoction may improve cisplatin resistance of A549 cells and A549/DDP cells by regulating ERSthrough Nrf2/ROSsignal pathway.

, authors=Dan YU, Qirui MOU, Yuan GAO, authorsList=Dan YU, Qirui MOU, Yuan GAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yuan GAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322923286375563481, articleId=1322923284517486793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=补中益气汤通过Nrf2/ROS通路调控内质网应激改善A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞顺铂耐药的分子机制, columnId=1256183362172142382, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=国家项目点击, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

通过对补中益气汤调控Nrf2/ROS通路对A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞内质网应激的影响,探讨补中益气汤改善非小细胞肺癌顺铂耐药的分子机制。

方法

制备补中益气汤含药血清并培养A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞,并进行随机分组为A组(A549细胞)、B组(A549细胞+20μg/mL顺铂)、C组(A549细胞+20μg/mL顺铂+10%补中益气汤含药血清)、D组(A549/DDP细胞)、E组(A549/DDP细胞+20μg/mL顺铂)、F组(A549/DDP细胞+20μg/mL顺铂+10%补中益气汤含药血清),应用CCK-8法检测各组细胞顺铂半数抑制浓度(IC50)值,DCFH-DA荧光探针法检测各组活性氧(ROS)含量,Western blot法检测各组细胞Nrf2、P-Nrf2、PERK、P-PERK、eIF2α、P-eIF2α、IRE1、XBP1的蛋白表达量。

结果

在A549细胞和A549/DDP细胞中,补中益气汤均可以显著下调其对顺铂的IC50值(P<0.05);两株细胞中,顺铂均可以上调Nrf2、P-Nrf2的蛋白表达,在补中益气汤干预后,二者表达量下调(P<0.05),且二者在A549/DDP细胞中表达较A549细胞更高(P<0.05);与空白组比较,顺铂可以上调两株细胞的ROS表达量(P<0.05),在联合了补中益气汤后ROS表达量进一步上调(P<0.05),且A549细胞的ROS表达量要显著高于A549/DDP细胞(P<0.05);PERK、eIF2α在各组细胞中表达无显著差异(P>0.05),在两株细胞中,顺铂能显著上调P-PERK、P-eIF2α、IRE1、XBP1、蛋白表达,在补中益气汤干预后表达再次上调(P<0.05),且A549细胞的内质网应激蛋白表达高于A549/DDP细胞(P<0.05)。

结论

补中益气汤可能通过Nrf2/ROS通路调控内质网应激改善A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞顺铂耐药。

, authors=于丹, 牟琪瑞, 高原, authorsList=于丹, 牟琪瑞, 高原, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=高原, authorNote=

于丹(1983-),女,辽宁沈阳人,副教授,博士,研究方向:中医调节肿瘤转移机制。

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高原(1980-),女,辽宁锦州人,教授,硕士研究生导师,研究方向:中医药治疗肿瘤机制。E-mail:。
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于丹(1983-),女,辽宁沈阳人,副教授,博士,研究方向:中医调节肿瘤转移机制。

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于丹(1983-),女,辽宁沈阳人,副教授,博士,研究方向:中医调节肿瘤转移机制。

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rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=王筠, 刘畅, 姜丁文, journalName=中国医学工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王筠,刘畅,姜丁文,等. 氧化应激和内质网应激在高糖诱导大鼠心肌细胞凋亡中的关系[J]. 中国医学工程,2011,19(1):37-38., articleTitle=氧化应激和内质网应激在高糖诱导大鼠心肌细胞凋亡中的关系, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322923294793531682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923284517486793, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=29, issue=16, pageStart=43, pageEnd=51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=张岩, 龙泓竹, 王曦鹏, journalName=中国实验方剂学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张岩,龙泓竹,王曦鹏,等. 黄芪桂枝五物汤加减对糖尿病大鼠坐骨神经内质网应激IRE1α/CHOP通路的影响[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(16):43-51., articleTitle=黄芪桂枝五物汤加减对糖尿病大鼠坐骨神经内质网应激IRE1α/CHOP通路的影响, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322923291031240966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923284517486793, awardId=81973735, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(81973735), fundOrder=null, country=null), 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组别nIC50/(μg/mL)
A组(A549细胞+顺铂)313.97±0.64
B组(A549细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)39.63±0.81*
C组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂)318.03±0.40*
D组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)313.39±1.91#&
), ArticleFig(id=1322923290427261183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923284517486793, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

补中益气汤对各组细胞顺铂IC50值的影响()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nIC50/(μg/mL)
A组(A549细胞+顺铂)313.97±0.64
B组(A549细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)39.63±0.81*
C组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂)318.03±0.40*
D组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)313.39±1.91#&
), ArticleFig(id=1322923290527924480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923284517486793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nNrf2相对表达量P-Nrf2相对表达量
A组(A549细胞)31.001.00
B组(A549细胞+顺铂)32.57±0.22*3.82±0.20*
C组(A549细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)31.71±0.16*#2.44±0.07*#
D组(A549/DDP细胞)32.10±0.09*2.50±0.07*
E组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂)36.44±0.21#&6.88±0.21#&
F组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)34.63±0.08%△2.93±0.13%△
), ArticleFig(id=1322923290607616257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923284517486793, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

补中益气汤对各组细胞Nrf2、P-Nrf2蛋白相对表达量的影响()

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组别nNrf2相对表达量P-Nrf2相对表达量
A组(A549细胞)31.001.00
B组(A549细胞+顺铂)32.57±0.22*3.82±0.20*
C组(A549细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)31.71±0.16*#2.44±0.07*#
D组(A549/DDP细胞)32.10±0.09*2.50±0.07*
E组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂)36.44±0.21#&6.88±0.21#&
F组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)34.63±0.08%△2.93±0.13%△
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组别nROS水平/荧光强度
A组(A549细胞)34.25±0.03
B组(A549细胞+顺铂)329.24±0.43*
C组(A549细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)356.67±2.45*#
D组(A549/DDP细胞)32.30±0.19*
E组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂)324.17±1.10#&
F组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)334.62±0.55%△
), ArticleFig(id=1322923290766999811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923284517486793, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

补中益气汤对各组细胞ROS表达水平的影响()

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组别nROS水平/荧光强度
A组(A549细胞)34.25±0.03
B组(A549细胞+顺铂)329.24±0.43*
C组(A549细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)356.67±2.45*#
D组(A549/DDP细胞)32.30±0.19*
E组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂)324.17±1.10#&
F组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)334.62±0.55%△
), ArticleFig(id=1322923290834108676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923284517486793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nPERKP-PERKeIF2αP-eIF2αIRE1XBP1
A组(A549细胞)3111111
B组(A549细胞+顺铂)30.98±0.012.94±0.05*0.85±0.042.38±0.12*1.48±0.05*1.50±0.13*
C组(A549细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)31.05±0.025.64±0.21*#0.85±0.017.06±0.31*#2.55±0.18*#3.17±0.21*#
D组(A549/DDP细胞)30.99±0.050.56±0.06*0.83±0.020.63±0.03*0.26±0.01*0.44±0.05*
E组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂)31.07±0.040.86±0.07#&0.92±0.031.21±0.04#&0.79±0.02#&1.24±0.10#&
F组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)31.15±0.062.29±0.04%△0.98±0.023.13±0.14%△1.56±0.06%△2.02±0.22%△
), ArticleFig(id=1322923290926383365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322923284517486793, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

补中益气汤对各组细胞内质网应激蛋白表达的影响()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别nPERKP-PERKeIF2αP-eIF2αIRE1XBP1
A组(A549细胞)3111111
B组(A549细胞+顺铂)30.98±0.012.94±0.05*0.85±0.042.38±0.12*1.48±0.05*1.50±0.13*
C组(A549细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)31.05±0.025.64±0.21*#0.85±0.017.06±0.31*#2.55±0.18*#3.17±0.21*#
D组(A549/DDP细胞)30.99±0.050.56±0.06*0.83±0.020.63±0.03*0.26±0.01*0.44±0.05*
E组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂)31.07±0.040.86±0.07#&0.92±0.031.21±0.04#&0.79±0.02#&1.24±0.10#&
F组(A549/DDP细胞+顺铂+补中益气汤)31.15±0.062.29±0.04%△0.98±0.023.13±0.14%△1.56±0.06%△2.02±0.22%△
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补中益气汤通过Nrf2/ROS通路调控内质网应激改善A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞顺铂耐药的分子机制
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于丹 , 牟琪瑞 , 高原
中华中医药学刊 | 国家项目点击 2025,43(3): 170-174
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中华中医药学刊 |国家项目点击 2025 , 43 (3) : 170 -174
补中益气汤通过Nrf2/ROS通路调控内质网应激改善A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞顺铂耐药的分子机制
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于丹, 牟琪瑞, 高原
作者信息
  • 辽宁中医药大学病理学教研室,辽宁 沈阳 110847
通讯作者:
高原(1980-),女,辽宁锦州人,教授,硕士研究生导师,研究方向:中医药治疗肿瘤机制。E-mail:。
作者简介:

于丹(1983-),女,辽宁沈阳人,副教授,博士,研究方向:中医调节肿瘤转移机制。

Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(补中益气汤)Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress through Nrf2/ROS Pathway to Improve Molecular Mechanism of Cisplatin Resistance in A549 Cells and A549/DDP Cells
Dan YU, Qirui MOU, Yuan GAO
Affiliations
  • Department of Pathology,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China
出版时间: 2025-03-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.03.031
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目的

通过对补中益气汤调控Nrf2/ROS通路对A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞内质网应激的影响,探讨补中益气汤改善非小细胞肺癌顺铂耐药的分子机制。

方法

制备补中益气汤含药血清并培养A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞,并进行随机分组为A组(A549细胞)、B组(A549细胞+20μg/mL顺铂)、C组(A549细胞+20μg/mL顺铂+10%补中益气汤含药血清)、D组(A549/DDP细胞)、E组(A549/DDP细胞+20μg/mL顺铂)、F组(A549/DDP细胞+20μg/mL顺铂+10%补中益气汤含药血清),应用CCK-8法检测各组细胞顺铂半数抑制浓度(IC50)值,DCFH-DA荧光探针法检测各组活性氧(ROS)含量,Western blot法检测各组细胞Nrf2、P-Nrf2、PERK、P-PERK、eIF2α、P-eIF2α、IRE1、XBP1的蛋白表达量。

结果

在A549细胞和A549/DDP细胞中,补中益气汤均可以显著下调其对顺铂的IC50值(P<0.05);两株细胞中,顺铂均可以上调Nrf2、P-Nrf2的蛋白表达,在补中益气汤干预后,二者表达量下调(P<0.05),且二者在A549/DDP细胞中表达较A549细胞更高(P<0.05);与空白组比较,顺铂可以上调两株细胞的ROS表达量(P<0.05),在联合了补中益气汤后ROS表达量进一步上调(P<0.05),且A549细胞的ROS表达量要显著高于A549/DDP细胞(P<0.05);PERK、eIF2α在各组细胞中表达无显著差异(P>0.05),在两株细胞中,顺铂能显著上调P-PERK、P-eIF2α、IRE1、XBP1、蛋白表达,在补中益气汤干预后表达再次上调(P<0.05),且A549细胞的内质网应激蛋白表达高于A549/DDP细胞(P<0.05)。

结论

补中益气汤可能通过Nrf2/ROS通路调控内质网应激改善A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞顺铂耐药。

补中益气汤  /  非小细胞肺癌  /  Nrf2/ROS  /  内质网应激  /  顺铂耐药
Objective

By studying the effect of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(补中益气汤)on the endoplasmic reticulum stress of A549 cells and A549/DDP cells through Nrf2/ROSpathway,the molecular mechanism of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction improving cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer was investigated.

Method

The serum containing Buzhong Yiqi Decoction was prepared and A549 cells and A549/DDP cells were cultured. They were randomly divided into group A(A549 cells),Group B(A549 cells+20μg/mL cisplatin),group C(A549 cells+20μg/mL cisplatin+10% Buzhong Yiqi Decoction-containing serum),group D(A549/DDP cells),group E(A549/DDP cells+20μg/mL cisplatin)and group F(A549/DDP cells+20μg/mL cisplatin+10% Buzhong Yiqi Decoction-containing serum). Half inhibitory concentration of cisplatin(IC50)was detected by CCK-8 method,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)were detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe method. The protein expression levels of Nrf2,P-Nrf2,PERK,P-PERK,eIF2α,P-eIF2α,IRE1 and XBP1 were detected by Western blot.

Result

In both A549 cells and A549/DDP cells,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction significantly decreased the IC50 value of cisplatin(P<0.05). In both cells,cisplatin could up-regulate the protein expressions of Nrf2 and P-Nrf2,and after the intervention of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,the expression levels of both were down-regulated(P<0.05)in A549/DDPcells compared with those in A549 cells(P<0.05). Compared with the blank group,cisplatin could up-regulate the ROSexpression of the two cells(P<0.05),the ROS expression was further up-regulated after combined with Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(P<0.05),and the ROSexpression level of A549 cells was significantly higher than that of A549/DDP cells(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the expressions of PERK and eIF2αamong all groups(P>0.05). Cisplatin significantly up-regulated the protein expressions of PPERK,P-eIF2α,IRE1 and XBP1 in the two cell lines,and the expression was up-regulated again after the intervention of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(P<0.05),and the expression of ER stress protein in A549 cells was higher than that in A549/DDP cells(P<0.05).

Conclusion

Buzhong Yiqi Decoction may improve cisplatin resistance of A549 cells and A549/DDP cells by regulating ERSthrough Nrf2/ROSsignal pathway.

Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(补中益气汤)  /  non-small cell lung cancer  /  Nrf2/ROS  /  endoplasmic reticulum stress  /  cisplatin resistance
于丹, 牟琪瑞, 高原. 补中益气汤通过Nrf2/ROS通路调控内质网应激改善A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞顺铂耐药的分子机制. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (3) : 170 -174 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.03.031
Dan YU, Qirui MOU, Yuan GAO. Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(补中益气汤)Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress through Nrf2/ROS Pathway to Improve Molecular Mechanism of Cisplatin Resistance in A549 Cells and A549/DDP Cells[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (3) : 170 -174 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.03.031
恶性肿瘤全球发病率极高,其中肺癌的死亡率居恶性肿瘤首位[1],其中非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)可占总发病率的近80%[2]。因其早期几乎无症状,多在中晚期发现并易发生转移,手术治疗难度较大、预后较差,因此以铂类药物为主的化疗成为其最主要的疗法[3]。但长期化疗易导致患者出现耐药性,并出现恶心、呕吐、食欲减退等消化道症状,化疗效果受限,患者生存质量不佳[4],因此改善NSCLC的化疗耐药性具有重要的研究意义。
补中益气汤是培土生金法的代表方剂,在现代肿瘤治疗中取得了较好的疗效[5],如补中益气汤可以通过下调蛋白激酶B(AKT)抑制磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶(PI3K)/AKT信号通路,从而改善肺癌顺铂耐药性[6]。Kelch样ECH相关蛋白1(Keap1)/核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)/抗氧化反应元件(ARE)信号通路以Nrf2分子为核心,有较强的抗氧化应激作用,有研究表明该通路能够参与多种肿瘤化疗耐药性的改善[7]。糖原合成酶激酶-3β(GSK-3β)是PI3K/AKT通路主要下游分子,与NSCLC的顺铂耐药密切相关,GSK-3β通过将Nrf2的ser338磷酸化,促进Nrf2泛素化降解,从而参与调控Nrf2[8-9]。既然PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β信号通路对NSCLC耐药有显著调控作用,Nrf2又处于PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β信号通路的下游并受其调控,且补中益气汤对于PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β信号通路有明显的干预作用,基于此,本研究假设补中益气汤可能通过调控Nrf2改善NSCLC顺铂耐药性。
健康雄性SD大鼠30只,SPF级,体质量190~230 g,由辽宁中医药大学实验动物中心提供,合格证号SCXK(辽)2020-0001,已获得辽宁中医药大学医学与动物伦理审查委员会审查批准(批准号No.210726221100791635)。人肺腺癌细胞A549细胞、人肺腺癌顺铂耐药细胞A549/DDP细胞株均购自中国医科院肿瘤研究中心细胞库。
胎牛血清(美国CLARK公司,批号FB15015);细胞增殖与活性检测法(CCK-8)试剂盒、特超敏ECL发光试剂盒(Biosharp公司,批号分别为BS350B、BL520A);SDS-PAGE凝胶快速制备试剂盒(上海雅酶公司,批号PG110);全蛋白提取试剂盒、BCA蛋白定量试剂盒、山羊抗兔IgG-HRP(沈阳万类生物科技有限公司,批号分别为WLA013、WLA019、WLA023);DMEM F12培养液、磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)、活性氧(ROS)检测试剂盒(大连美仑公司,批号分别为MA0214、MA0015、MA0219);Nrf2一抗、P-Nrf2一抗、PERK一抗、PPERK一抗、eIF2α一抗、P-eIF2α一抗、IRE1一抗、XBP1一抗、GAPDH一抗(美国Affinity公司,批号分别为AF0639、DF7519、AF5304、DF7576、AF6087、AF3087、DF7709、AF5110、AF7021)。
Multiskan FC型酶标仪、HERA CELL 150i型CO2培养箱(美国THERMO公司);DFC450型倒置生物显微镜(德国Leica公司);EPS600型电泳仪、5200型凝胶成像系统(上海天能公司);1658001型垂直电泳槽、170-3932型转移电泳槽(美国Bio-Rad公司);Observer.A1型倒置荧光显微镜(德国ZEISS公司)。
补中益气汤由下述药物组成:黄芪18 g(货号2111251),甘草9 g(货号2102261),人参6 g(货号2111091),当归3 g(货号2201072),橘皮6 g(货号2111203),升麻6 g(货号2011091),柴胡6 g(货号2110093),白术9 g(货号2110122),购自辽宁中医药大学附属医院药房,饮片由辽宁中医药大学中药教研室任艳玲教授鉴定为正品,按照“人和动物之间按体表面积折算的等效剂量比值表”计算等效剂量,人与大鼠之间的折算系数为W=6.25,根据课题组前期实验成果选择成人正常日用量为最佳剂量,常规煎药并煎煮浓缩为1.313 g/mL,室温冷却后置于4℃保存。大鼠灌胃补中益气汤1 mL/d,每天灌胃1次,连续灌胃7 d,末次灌胃1 h后,麻醉大鼠于腹主动脉采血,无菌管静置30 min后2000 r/min速率离心10 min,取上清,56℃恒温水浴箱静置30 min以灭活,0.22 μm微孔滤器滤过除菌,-20℃冰箱保存备用。
取处于对数生长期A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞,常规培养,消化时弃培养液并PBS洗涤1~2次,加入0.25%胰酶1 mL,消化2~3 min(肉眼可见针孔样缝隙,光学显微镜下见细胞钝圆或有流动感),即可终止消化。加入完全培养基5 mL(含10%胎牛血清),轻轻吹打使其完全离壁并均匀悬浮,分装入2个培养瓶,传代继续培养。将培养的A549细胞、A549/DDP细胞按后续实验需求随机分组。
将A549细胞和A549/DDP细胞各随机分为3组:A组(A549细胞)、B组(A549细胞+20μg/mL顺铂)、C组(A549细胞+20μg/mL顺铂+10%补中益气汤含药血清)、D组(A549/DDP细胞)、E组(A549/DDP细胞+20μg/mL顺铂)、F组(A549/DDP细胞+20μg/mL顺铂+10%补中益气汤含药血清)。
调节细胞密度为5×104个/mL,每组设置5个复孔。加药后孵育48 h,去除原培养基,按照每100μL培养条件体积加入CCK-8溶液10μL,避光孵育1~4 h,用酶标仪测定在450 nm处的吸光度A,计算A549/DDP细胞的半数抑制浓度(IC50)。
blot)检测各组Nrf2、P-Nrf2、内质网应激相关蛋白表达取各组细胞,弃去原培养基后用4℃预冷的PBS洗涤细胞3次,将Lysis Buffer-PMSF按照100∶1混匀,置于冰上裂解30 min,期间多次刮动细胞。BCA试剂盒测定蛋白浓度,制备蛋白质电泳样品,并上样。经SDSPAGE凝胶电泳、转膜、5%的脱脂奶粉封闭1.5 h后,加入Nrf2、P-Nrf2、PERK、P-PERK、eIF2α、P-eIF2α、IRE1、XBP1、GAPDH一抗(1∶1000);4℃摇床孵育过夜,TBST洗涤后加入山羊抗兔IgG-HRP(1∶5000),室温摇床孵育2 h,洗涤条带后于暗室内滴加ECL发光液,测定条带灰度值。
5×104个细胞接种于6孔板中,给药48 h,按照1∶1000的比例用无血清培养液稀释DCFH-DA荧光探针,使其终浓度为10μmol·L-1,每孔加入工作液1 mL,避光孵育20~30 min,用无血清的培养液洗涤细胞,加入抗荧光淬灭封片剂防淬灭,倒置荧光显微镜观察并拍照。
使用SPSS 26.0统计学软件对实验数据进行分析,以“均数±标准差”表示各个计量资料,经方差齐性检验,采用单因素方差分析进行多组间比较,若方差齐,组间两两比较采用最小显著性差异法(LSD)检验,若方差不齐则采用Dunnett T3检验,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
如表1所示,在A549细胞与A549/DDP细胞中,补中益气汤含药血清均能显著下调细胞对顺铂的IC50值(P<0.05),在两株细胞之间,A549/DDP细胞的顺铂IC50值在补中益气汤含药血清干预前后均显著高于A549细胞(P<0.05)。
如表2、图1所示,在A549细胞与A549/DDP细胞中,顺铂可以显著上调两株细胞的Nrf2、P-Nrf2蛋白表达(P<0.05),在补中益气汤干预之后,两株细胞的Nrf2、P-Nrf2蛋白表达均显著下调(P<0.05),其中A549/DDP细胞的Nrf2、P-Nrf2蛋白表达在同样干预因素下均高于A549细胞的Nrf2、P-Nrf2蛋白表达(P<0.05)。
如表3、插页ⅩⅩⅩⅣ图2所示,在A549细胞和A549/DDP细胞中,ROS表达量在顺铂和补中益气汤干预下均显著上调,以顺铂联合补中益气汤组效果最为显著(P<0.05)。在两株细胞之间,顺铂和补中益气汤干预前后,A549细胞的ROS表达量均要显著高于A549/DDP的ROS表达量(P<0.05)。
如表4、图3所示,在A549细胞和A549/DDP细胞中,PERK、eIF2α的蛋白表达无显著变化(P>0.05),但其磷酸化后变化明显。在两株细胞中,顺铂能显著上调P-PERK、P-eIF2α、IRE1、XBP1的蛋白表达,在补中益气汤干预后表达再次上调(P<0.05),其中A549细胞的内质网应激蛋白表达要显著高于A549/DDP细胞(P<0.05)。
肺癌化疗患者常出现咳嗽、咯血、面色萎黄、恶心呕吐、乏力等症状[10],此属肺脾气虚之证,宜采用补脾益肺、培土生金之法。补中益气汤出自李东垣所著《内外伤辨惑论》,为培土生金法的代表方剂,方中黄芪有补中益气之效,人参、白术、炙甘草补气健脾,当归养血和营,陈皮理气和胃,柴胡、升麻入肺经,升举清阳为使。多药齐用,共奏补中益气、升阳举陷之效。
Nrf2是机体经典的抗氧化应激元件,与肿瘤细胞耐药有着密切的关系[11-12]。Nrf2的活化依赖于上游Keap1分子的调控,Keap1与E3泛素连接酶共同维持Nrf2的基础稳定水平,当细胞受到氧化应激等刺激之时,Nrf2与Keap1发生解离并转位到细胞核,与ARE结合,进而活化下游一系列抗氧化酶的表达[13]。ROS是氧的正常代谢的天然副产物,并被证实参与多种恶性肿瘤的发生发展[14],当ROS过量产生、蓄积时,机体的氧化还原稳态被破坏,从而诱发细胞死亡[15],作为抗氧化反应的主要调节器,活化的Nrf2可以激活下游抗氧化酶从而降低细胞内的ROS水平,这便是Nrf2/ROS通路。
内质网是蛋白质合成、折叠、加工的重要场所,蛋白质折叠和分泌受损导致的未折叠或错误折叠蛋白在内质网内积累,称为内质网应激(ERS)。内质网跨膜蛋白肌醇需求酶1(IRE1)、蛋白激酶R样内质网激酶(PERK)和活化转录因子6(ATF6)所分别介导的三条通路在缓解ERS、维持细胞稳态中起到了重要作用[16-17]。其中IRE1活化后可靶向下游蛋白XBP1,PERK则可靶向eIF2α,与ATF6同样激活下游CHOP的表达[18-20]。此三种反应元件在通常情况下通过与葡萄糖调节蛋白78(GRP78)结合保持非激活状态,但肿瘤细胞中往往有大量的未折叠蛋白和错误折叠蛋白积累,从而激活这三条通路,但当过度激活的ERS会超过肿瘤细胞的防御能力,诱导肿瘤细胞死亡,从而参与肿瘤耐药性的调控[21-22]。而内质网的正常生理功能受到细胞氧化还原状态的调节,当细胞内ROS过量蓄积,超过细胞的抗氧化系统的防御能力则会刺激ERS的发生[23-24]。Nrf2是重要的抗氧化应激分子,其活化可抑制ROS的生成,反之则ROS蓄积,进而攻击内质网,使得ERS发生,Ca2+释放入胞浆之中,刺激线粒体产生更多的ROS[25-26]。基于此,若Nrf2受抑,ROS蓄积,则ERS发生,持续过量的ERS则会导致细胞死亡,则肿瘤耐药性改善。
在本研究中,在A549细胞和A549/DDP细胞中,其对顺铂的IC50值均在补中益气汤的影响下显著下调,说明补中益气汤可以改善两株细胞对顺铂的耐药性。对Nrf2、P-Nrf2的检测结果显示,与空白组比较,顺铂可以上调两株细胞的Nrf2、P-Nrf2蛋白表达量,这可能与顺铂刺激了细胞的抗氧化应激能力相关,在联合了补中益气汤之后,Nrf2、P-Nrf2蛋白表达量显著下调,且在各种干预条件下,A549/DDP细胞的Nrf2、P-Nrf2蛋白表达量要显著高于A549细胞,这可能是耐药细胞株具有更强的抗氧化应激能力。ROS的检测结果显示,在两株细胞中,顺铂组ROS表达量均较空白组升高,在补中益气汤干预之后,ROS表达量进一步升高,且A549细胞的ROS表达量要显著高于A549/DDP细胞。对内质网应激相关蛋白的检测结果显示,顺铂均可以显著上调内质网应激指标PPERK、P-eIF2α、IRE1、XBP1的表达,在联合了补中益气汤之后,内质网应激指标进一步上调,且A549细胞的内质网应激蛋白表达量要高于A549/DDP细胞,但PERK、eIF2α的蛋白表达量在各组之间无显著变化,这可能与PERK、eIF2α的活化具有可逆性相关。
综上所述,补中益气汤可以通过抑制Nrf2/ROS通路,刺激内质网应激的发生,从而改善NSCLC的顺铂耐药性。但其在内质网应激发生后,细胞是否发生凋亡及自噬等改变,本实验并未阐明,其相关机制仍值得进一步研究,这将为培土生金法改善NSCLC顺铂耐药提供更有力的实验支持。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(81973735)
  • 辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2023-MS-232)
  • 辽宁中医药大学中西医结合学院“岐济”人才支撑计划项目(2023QJ01001)
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2025年第43卷第3期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.03.031
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-03-10
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国家自然科学基金项目(81973735)
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2023-MS-232)
辽宁中医药大学中西医结合学院“岐济”人才支撑计划项目(2023QJ01001)
作者信息
    辽宁中医药大学病理学教研室,辽宁 沈阳 110847

通讯作者:

高原(1980-),女,辽宁锦州人,教授,硕士研究生导师,研究方向:中医药治疗肿瘤机制。E-mail:。
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zhzyyxk/CN/10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.03.031
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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