Article(id=1322922716579365134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322922680609014711, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.02.004, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793338954348, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1739116800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793338954348, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793338954348, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793338954348, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322922680609014711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1739116800000', pubDateStr='2025-02-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793338945772, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340618065, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929694785536732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322922680609014711, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929694785536733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322922680609014711, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=16, endPage=24, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322922716801663247, articleId=1322922716579365134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Prospective Reflections on Application of Large Language Models in Field of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnId=1256183375241535778, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Digital Traditional Chinese Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is an integral part of traditional medicine in China,with a rich theoretical basis and valuable practical experience. However,the advancement of TCM necessitates diverse tools to support its intelligent development. With the rapid advancements in natural language processing technology and artificial intelligence,the application of large language models(LLMs)has garnered widespread attention in the field of medical health. This paper focusedon exploring the potential application of LLMs in the field of TCM,aiming to provide insights for intelligent research and practice in this domain. Firstly,it provided an overview of the development of LLMs in medicine,introduced the concept and development history of such models,and presented the current research status in the biomedical field. Subsequently,the paper delved into the potential application of large language models in TCM,considered associated risks and challenges,and provided recommendations to address these issues. Finally,it outlined the future development direction of large language models in the field of TCM.
, authors=Lele YANG
1, Zhe WANG
2, Keyu YAO
1, Lihong LIU
1, Yan ZHU
1, authorsList=Lele YANG, Zhe WANG, Keyu YAO, Lihong LIU, Yan ZHU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lihong LIU, Yan ZHU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322922720077414675, articleId=1322922716579365134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=CN, title=大语言模型在中医药领域的应用展望思考, columnId=1256183387140776248, journalTitle=中华中医药学刊, columnName=数字中医中药, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
中医药作为我国传统医学的重要组成部分,具有丰富的理论基础和宝贵的实践经验,但其智能化发展仍需要多种工具支持。随着自然语言处理技术和人工智能的快速发展,大语言模型作为其重要技术在医疗健康领域的应用受到广泛关注。基于大语言模型在生物医学领域的研究,对其在中医药领域的应用研究进行展望思考,以期为中医药领域的智能化研究和实践工作提供参考。为了探讨大语言模型在中医药领域的应用前景,通过对生物医学领域大语言模型相关文献进行分析研究,首先概述了医学大语言模型的发展进程,介绍了大语言模型的概念、发展历程及国内外医学大语言模型的研究现状。其次,基于生物医学领域已开展的大语言模型相关研究,思考并展望了大语言模型在中医药领域的应用前景,并深入思考了构建及应用中医大语言模型可能面临的风险与挑战,针对这些问题提出了相应的建议措施。最后,总结并展望了大语言模型在中医药领域的未来发展方向。
, authors=杨乐乐
1, 王哲
2, 姚克宇
1, 刘丽红
1, 朱彦
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杨乐乐(1999-),女,安徽阜阳人,硕士在读,研究方向:中医药领域本体构建。
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29(3):505-506., articleTitle=Will ChatGPT transform healthcare?, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322922723114090815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922716579365134, awardId=82174534; 82274684, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金面上项目(82174534; 82274684), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322922724816978240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922716579365134, awardId=TB2023008, language=CN, fundingSource=国家中医药管理局中医师资格认证中心/全国中医药教育发展中心项目(TB2023008), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322922724909252929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922716579365134, awardId=ZZ170326, language=CN, fundingSource=中国中医科学院基本科研业务费自主选题项目(ZZ170326), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322922720438124820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922716579365134, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322922720446513429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922716579365134, companyId=1322922720438124820, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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医学领域的大语言模型
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| 数据维度 | 数据收集 | 数据整理 | 数据分析 | 数据可视化 |
|---|
| 临床 | 电子病历的文本处理 收集中医临床病案等大量非结构化文本数据 | 将病历结构化,实现症状、诊断、治疗等信息的自动提取 构建临床数据库 | 使用工具对建立的数据库进行分析,根据需要进行应用 | 临床知识问答系统 多模态信息交互展示 |
| 科研 | 文献的文本收集 | 从大规模医案中抽取症状、治法等知识 提取中医文献中蕴含的传统知识和经验 学术论文实体识别 使用语言模型进行实验报告的自动解析,提取关键实验数据 构建包含方剂、药材、疾病等多方面知识的中医知识图谱 建立覆盖中药成分、靶点、药理活性的结构化知识库 | 使用工具分析从各个渠道提取/抽取的数据,根据需要进行应用 分析古籍中的方剂组成、功效特点以及经典医案 | 中医问答系统 借助大语言模型提供准确的中医药文献检索和推荐功能助力临床试验研究 中药相关研究 古籍检索问答系统 |
| 教学 | 医学教材、讲义、习题等教学资料文本知识收集 | 构建结构化教学知识库 | 分析知识库中的教学组织内容 利用知识库中医药领域的教学资料和课程内容 | 提供中医药学习者自主学习的交互式工具,教学问答系统,支持学生进行问题自主检索 开发评测医学生能力-考试的功能 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322922722833072444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922716579365134, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
大语言模型在中医药领域的应用展望
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 数据维度 | 数据收集 | 数据整理 | 数据分析 | 数据可视化 |
|---|
| 临床 | 电子病历的文本处理 收集中医临床病案等大量非结构化文本数据 | 将病历结构化,实现症状、诊断、治疗等信息的自动提取 构建临床数据库 | 使用工具对建立的数据库进行分析,根据需要进行应用 | 临床知识问答系统 多模态信息交互展示 |
| 科研 | 文献的文本收集 | 从大规模医案中抽取症状、治法等知识 提取中医文献中蕴含的传统知识和经验 学术论文实体识别 使用语言模型进行实验报告的自动解析,提取关键实验数据 构建包含方剂、药材、疾病等多方面知识的中医知识图谱 建立覆盖中药成分、靶点、药理活性的结构化知识库 | 使用工具分析从各个渠道提取/抽取的数据,根据需要进行应用 分析古籍中的方剂组成、功效特点以及经典医案 | 中医问答系统 借助大语言模型提供准确的中医药文献检索和推荐功能助力临床试验研究 中药相关研究 古籍检索问答系统 |
| 教学 | 医学教材、讲义、习题等教学资料文本知识收集 | 构建结构化教学知识库 | 分析知识库中的教学组织内容 利用知识库中医药领域的教学资料和课程内容 | 提供中医药学习者自主学习的交互式工具,教学问答系统,支持学生进行问题自主检索 开发评测医学生能力-考试的功能 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322922722912764221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922716579365134, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 局限性 | 描述 | 建议 |
|---|
| 新近性 | 中医模型的训练数据不具有实时性;未接入实时上网连接 | 收集最新的训练数据;实时互联网访问(例如,Bing AI,Sparrow和Blender Bot 3) |
| 准确性和一致性 | 模型输出的准确率参差不齐且未达到完全正确;模型未掌握真正的语义,输出结果会自相矛盾(中医各流派的标准不统一) | 训练数据的验证;不确定性指标;微调以优化医疗准确性;通过智能提示(例如,思维链);进行自我改进 |
| 透明度和可解释性 | 作为黑箱模型,不能准确展示其推理机制/过程;中医疾病诊断必需的推断依据,大语言模型的逻辑思维不够严格;中医各流 | 要求输出引用数据集的哪些部分有助于模型的答案;“可解释的”人工智能研究和开发 |
| 应用性能 | 派的学术思想错综复杂,加大解释难度模型构建成本高,会阻碍中医模型构建的多样性;中医模型的实用性能测试不太理想;古籍与现代融合的理解能力 | 通过反馈改进具体性能问题;降低数据共享的门槛 |
| 法律 | 模型使用的中医医疗数据隐私;及推荐建议的合法性;输出内容的知识产权等问题 | 保护医疗数据隐私;制定相关法律 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322922722992455998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322922716579365134, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
构建应用中医大语言模型的局限性及未来发展建议
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| 局限性 | 描述 | 建议 |
|---|
| 新近性 | 中医模型的训练数据不具有实时性;未接入实时上网连接 | 收集最新的训练数据;实时互联网访问(例如,Bing AI,Sparrow和Blender Bot 3) |
| 准确性和一致性 | 模型输出的准确率参差不齐且未达到完全正确;模型未掌握真正的语义,输出结果会自相矛盾(中医各流派的标准不统一) | 训练数据的验证;不确定性指标;微调以优化医疗准确性;通过智能提示(例如,思维链);进行自我改进 |
| 透明度和可解释性 | 作为黑箱模型,不能准确展示其推理机制/过程;中医疾病诊断必需的推断依据,大语言模型的逻辑思维不够严格;中医各流 | 要求输出引用数据集的哪些部分有助于模型的答案;“可解释的”人工智能研究和开发 |
| 应用性能 | 派的学术思想错综复杂,加大解释难度模型构建成本高,会阻碍中医模型构建的多样性;中医模型的实用性能测试不太理想;古籍与现代融合的理解能力 | 通过反馈改进具体性能问题;降低数据共享的门槛 |
| 法律 | 模型使用的中医医疗数据隐私;及推荐建议的合法性;输出内容的知识产权等问题 | 保护医疗数据隐私;制定相关法律 |
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