Article(id=1322912433890787942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322912162913596032, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.01.036, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793336502763, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1736438400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793336502763, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793336502763, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793336502763, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322912162913596032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, year='2025', volume='43', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1736438400000', pubDateStr='2025-01-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793336438157, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793340633627, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322929760048906989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322912162913596032, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322929760048906990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, issueId=1322912162913596032, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=204, endPage=209, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322912434121474663, articleId=1322912433890787942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, language=EN, title=Effects of Electroacupuncture on Intestinal Flora and Inflammatory Immune Function in Ischemic Stroke Model Rats, columnId=1256183365644968140, journalTitle=Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, columnName=Platform of Provincial Project, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the effects of electroacupuncture therapy on intestinal flora and inflammatory immune function in ischemic stroke model rats.

Methods

According to random number table method,16 Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were divided into sham operation group,middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)group,MCAO+electroacupuncture group and MCAO+electroacupuncture non-acupoint group. Left MCAO operation was conducted with wire occlusion method to prepare brain ischemia-reperfusion animalmodel. After the operation,the animal model was put into wood shavings and kept warm water to observe the changes. After 2 hours,the wire occlusion was slowly withdrawn,while only the arteries were separated and then sewed up in the sham operation group.24 hours aftermodeling,the MCAO+electroacupuncture group selected Shenting(DU24)and Baihui(DU20)and applied SDZ-V electroacupuncture instrument with density wave(1~20 Hz)once a day,for a total of 7 days. The sham operation group and the MCAO group were given the same feeding and grasping conditions with out any treatment. In the MCAO+electroacupuncture non-acupoint group,the hypocholic non-meridian and non-acupoint pointswere selected,and the electroacupuncture intervention was carried out24 hours aftermodeling for 14 days. The neural function of rats in each group was observed 24 h and 3,7 and 14 days after themodeling,and the change of brain water contentwas detected after the intervention for 14 days. After successfulmodeling,longamethod was used to score the neurological impairment. Morriswatermaze experiment evaluated the spatial learning and memory ability of rats. Western blotanalysiswas performed to detect the growth related proteins of ischemic penumbra neurons in each group. Real-time fluorescence quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR)was used to detect the changes of intestinal flora in rat stool. The contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and intercellular adhesionmolecule-1(ICAM-1)in serum and brain tissue were detected by double antibody sandwich ABC-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ABC-ELISA). The correlation between IL-1β,ICAM-1 and intestinal flora was analyzed.

Results

The neurological function of the rats in each group was evaluated at 24 h and 3,7,14 d aftermodeling. The neurological function deficit score of the rats in the electroacupuncture group was lower than that in the MCAO group at the same period after cerebral ischemia reperfusion,and the acupoint group was significantly lower than that in the non-acupoint group(P<0.01). The improvement of nerve function in electroacupuncture group wasmore significant with the extension of intervention time. Compared with thatof the MCAO group,the escape latency ofMCAO+electroacupuncture group was significantly shortened(P<0.05),and the number of crossing platform in the MCAO+electroacupuncture group was increased(P<0.05). Compared with those of the MCAO group,the expressions of growth associated protein-43(GAP-43)and neurofilament-200(NF-200)increased(P<0.05),and the expressions of repulsive guidancemolecule a(RGMa)decreased(P<0.05)in the electroacupuncture group and non-acupoint group. The water content of brain tissue in electroacupuncture group decreased significantly(P<0.01). Compared with that of the MCAO group,the number of Escherichia coli and enterococcus in feces of the MCAO+electroacupuncture group decreased(P<0.05),while the number of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus increased(P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β and ICAM-1 in peripheral blood and brain tissue of ischemic stroke rats in the electroacupuncture group were decreased(P<0.05). IL-1βand ICAM-1 were negatively correlated with the number of lactobacillus and bifidobacterium,butpositively correlated with the number of Escherichia coliand enterococcus.

Conclusion

Electroacupuncture can regulate intestinal flora disturbance in ischemic stroke ratmodel,reduce inflammatory response through anti-inflammatory and maintenance of immune tolerancemechanism,and play a role in brain protection.

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目的

探究电针治疗对缺血性脑卒中模型大鼠肠道菌群及炎症免疫功能的影响。

方法

按随机数字表法将16只Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠分成假手术组、大脑中动脉闭塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)组、MCAO+电针组、MCAO+电针非穴组。采用线栓法进行左侧MCAO手术,制备脑缺血再灌注动物模型,手术完成后将其放入木屑中并温水保温观察其变化,2 h后将线栓缓慢退出,假手术组仅将动脉分离,然后缝合。造模24 h后,MCAO+电针组,选取神庭、百会穴进行针刺,应用SDZ-V电针仪,采用疏密波,30 min/次,1次/d,一共干预7 d;假手术组和MCAO组不予任何治疗,给予同等条件的喂养和抓取;MCAO+电针非穴组取胁下非经非穴点,在造模后24 h进行电针干预14 d。观察造模后24 h及3、7、14 d各组大鼠神经功能情况,检测干预14 d后大鼠脑含水量变化;造模成功后,采用longa法进行神经功能缺损评分;Morris水迷宫实验评价大鼠空间学习、记忆能力;Western blot检测各组大鼠缺血半暗带神经元生长相关蛋白;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(polymerasec chain reaction,PCR)测定粪便肠道菌群变化;双抗体夹心(ABC-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ABC-ELISA)法检测血清和脑组织中的白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)和细胞间黏附分子-1(intercellular adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)的含量,并分析IL-1β、ICAM-1与肠道菌群的相关性。

结果

在造模后24 h及3、7、14 d评估各组大鼠的神经功能情况,电针各组大鼠脑缺血再灌注后同期神经功能缺损评分均低于同期MCAO组,其中电针穴位组均明显低于同期非穴组(P<0.01),而电针组大鼠神经功能随着干预时间延长改善更明显。与MCAO组比较,MCAO+电针穴位组同期逃避潜伏期明显缩短(P<0.05),MCAO+电针穴位组穿越平台次数升高(P<0.05)。与MCAO组比较,电针组、电针非穴组大鼠生长相关蛋白-43(growth associated protein-43,GAP-43)、神经丝蛋白-200(neurofilament-200,NF-200)表达上升(P<0.05),排斥导向分子a(repulsive guidance molecule a,RGMa)表达下降(P<0.05);电针组大鼠脑组织含水量明显降低(P<0.01);与MCAO组比较,MCAO+电针穴位组粪便中大肠杆菌、肠球菌数量减少(P<0.05),双歧杆菌、乳酸菌数量增多(P<0.05);电针组大鼠模型外周血及脑组织中IL-1β、ICAM-1的含量水平降低(P<0.05);IL-1β、ICAM-1与乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量均呈负相关,与大肠杆菌、肠球菌数量均呈正相关。

结论

电针治疗可以调节缺血性脑卒中大鼠模型肠道菌群紊乱,通过抗炎及维持免疫耐受机制减轻炎症反应,发挥脑保护作用。

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张蕴(1985-),女,福建福州人,副教授,博士,研究方向:卒中后认知功能障碍。

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张蕴(1985-),女,福建福州人,副教授,博士,研究方向:卒中后认知功能障碍。

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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=9o9/hxhVmEwoax/05EucJQ==, figureFileBig=VMyE2gXQ4fOgDaQzS/hLcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912600706658513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=CN, label=图1, caption=电针法对模型大鼠脑组织含水量和神经元再生的影响

注:a与同时段假手术组比较,P<0.05;b与同时段假手术组比较,P<0.01;c与同时段MCAO组比较,P<0.05;d与同时段MCAO组比较,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=9o9/hxhVmEwoax/05EucJQ==, figureFileBig=VMyE2gXQ4fOgDaQzS/hLcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912600807321810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Sb6sV31p23L1FcbOSwL9Rw==, figureFileBig=3jqY1hRHDFsxzK+Z/Edlfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912600870236371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=CN, label=图2, caption=电针法对模型大鼠血清和脑组织中IL-1β含量的影响

注:a与同时段假手术组比较,P<0.05;b与同时段MCAO组比较,P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=Sb6sV31p23L1FcbOSwL9Rw==, figureFileBig=3jqY1hRHDFsxzK+Z/Edlfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912600945733844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=kf0KF3JQvFD3vUDW+jGJUg==, figureFileBig=Y60Vbp3BN+efN2tuJopCUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912601021231317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=CN, label=图3, caption=电针法对模型大鼠血清和脑组织中ICAM-1含量的影响

注:a与同时段假手术组比较,P<0.05;b与同时段MCAO组比较,P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=kf0KF3JQvFD3vUDW+jGJUg==, figureFileBig=Y60Vbp3BN+efN2tuJopCUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322912601092534486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n缺血再灌注24 h缺血再灌注3 d缺血再灌注7 d缺血再灌注14 d
假手术组40.00±0.000.00±0.000.00±0.000.00±0.00
MCAO组43.93±0.38a3.97±0.31a3.92±0.36a3.86±0.33a
MCAO+电针组43.89±0.123.92±0.243.21±0.25c2.97±0.18c
MCAO+电针非穴组43.85±0.523.87±0.333.44±0.23b3.16±0.56b
), ArticleFig(id=1322912601168031959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

电针法对脑缺血大鼠神经功能Longa评分的影响(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n缺血再灌注24 h缺血再灌注3 d缺血再灌注7 d缺血再灌注14 d
假手术组40.00±0.000.00±0.000.00±0.000.00±0.00
MCAO组43.93±0.38a3.97±0.31a3.92±0.36a3.86±0.33a
MCAO+电针组43.89±0.123.92±0.243.21±0.25c2.97±0.18c
MCAO+电针非穴组43.85±0.523.87±0.333.44±0.23b3.16±0.56b
), ArticleFig(id=1322912601256112344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n逃避潜伏期/(s)第14天穿越平台次数/(次)
术后第3天术后第7天术后第14天
假手术组35.70±3.1430.83±2.0813.33±1.1210.42±2.08
MCAO组72.73±2.25a63.12±3.19a41.45±4.21a4.68±1.16a
MCAO+电针组61.35±1.86ab52.62±1.22ab21.64±3.13ab7.24±1.31ab
MCAO+电针非穴组67.18±3.53ab55.34±2.75ab32.07±1.83ab6.57±1.01ab
), ArticleFig(id=1322912601339998425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组大鼠逃避潜伏期及穿越平台次数(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n逃避潜伏期/(s)第14天穿越平台次数/(次)
术后第3天术后第7天术后第14天
假手术组35.70±3.1430.83±2.0813.33±1.1210.42±2.08
MCAO组72.73±2.25a63.12±3.19a41.45±4.21a4.68±1.16a
MCAO+电针组61.35±1.86ab52.62±1.22ab21.64±3.13ab7.24±1.31ab
MCAO+电针非穴组67.18±3.53ab55.34±2.75ab32.07±1.83ab6.57±1.01ab
), ArticleFig(id=1322912601402912986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别乳酸杆菌双歧杆菌大肠杆菌肠球菌
假手术组29.03±2.1221.06±2.1415.14±2.4913.17±2.06
MCAO组17.71±2.26a11.31±1.91a25.35±3.30a27.18±2.16a
MCAO+电针组24.83±1.31ab17.25±2.29ab19.16±1.10ab18.05±3.05ab
MCAO+电针非穴组21.84±2.24ab14.38±2.46ab21.74±1.05ab22.05±1.43ab
), ArticleFig(id=1322912601474216155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各组大鼠粪便中细菌含量比较(±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别乳酸杆菌双歧杆菌大肠杆菌肠球菌
假手术组29.03±2.1221.06±2.1415.14±2.4913.17±2.06
MCAO组17.71±2.26a11.31±1.91a25.35±3.30a27.18±2.16a
MCAO+电针组24.83±1.31ab17.25±2.29ab19.16±1.10ab18.05±3.05ab
MCAO+电针非穴组21.84±2.24ab14.38±2.46ab21.74±1.05ab22.05±1.43ab
), ArticleFig(id=1322912601558102236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标乳酸杆菌双歧杆菌大肠杆菌肠球菌
r值P值r值P值r值P值r值P值
血清IL-1β-0.2810.291-0.4360.0920.3910.1340.4290.097
脑组织IL-1β-0.4320.095-0.5220.0380.5680.0220.5580.025
血清ICAM-1-0.4290.097-0.5390.0310.5570.0250.5480.028
脑组织ICAM-1-0.6160.011-0.7400.0010.6900.0030.7370.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322912601646182621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847919539208197, articleId=1322912433890787942, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

肠道菌群数目与IL-1β、ICAM-1的相关性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标乳酸杆菌双歧杆菌大肠杆菌肠球菌
r值P值r值P值r值P值r值P值
血清IL-1β-0.2810.291-0.4360.0920.3910.1340.4290.097
脑组织IL-1β-0.4320.095-0.5220.0380.5680.0220.5580.025
血清ICAM-1-0.4290.097-0.5390.0310.5570.0250.5480.028
脑组织ICAM-1-0.6160.011-0.7400.0010.6900.0030.7370.001
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电针治疗对缺血性脑卒中模型大鼠肠道菌群及炎症免疫功能的影响研究
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张蕴 1, 2 , 林丹丹 3 , 王钦敏 3 , 高诗晴 4
中华中医药学刊 | 省级项目平台 2025,43(1): 204-209
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中华中医药学刊 |省级项目平台 2025 , 43 (1) : 204 -209
电针治疗对缺血性脑卒中模型大鼠肠道菌群及炎症免疫功能的影响研究
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张蕴1, 2, 林丹丹3, 王钦敏3, 高诗晴4
作者信息
  • 1.福建技术师范学院教育学院,福建 福州 353000
  • 2.福建省中医药科学院门诊部,福建 福州 350000
  • 3.福建卫生职业技术学院医学院,福建 福州 350101
  • 4.福建省福州儿童医院,福建 福州 350001
作者简介:

张蕴(1985-),女,福建福州人,副教授,博士,研究方向:卒中后认知功能障碍。

Effects of Electroacupuncture on Intestinal Flora and Inflammatory Immune Function in Ischemic Stroke Model Rats
Yun ZHANG1, 2, Dandan LIN3, Qinmin WANG3, Shiqing GAO4
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Education, Fujian Normal University of Technology, Fuzhou 353000, Fujian, China
  • 2.Outpatient Center of Treatment and Prevention, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China
  • 3.School of Medicine, Fujian Health Vocational and Technical College, Fuzhou 350101, Fujian, China
  • 4.Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China
出版时间: 2025-01-10 doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.01.036
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目的

探究电针治疗对缺血性脑卒中模型大鼠肠道菌群及炎症免疫功能的影响。

方法

按随机数字表法将16只Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠分成假手术组、大脑中动脉闭塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)组、MCAO+电针组、MCAO+电针非穴组。采用线栓法进行左侧MCAO手术,制备脑缺血再灌注动物模型,手术完成后将其放入木屑中并温水保温观察其变化,2 h后将线栓缓慢退出,假手术组仅将动脉分离,然后缝合。造模24 h后,MCAO+电针组,选取神庭、百会穴进行针刺,应用SDZ-V电针仪,采用疏密波,30 min/次,1次/d,一共干预7 d;假手术组和MCAO组不予任何治疗,给予同等条件的喂养和抓取;MCAO+电针非穴组取胁下非经非穴点,在造模后24 h进行电针干预14 d。观察造模后24 h及3、7、14 d各组大鼠神经功能情况,检测干预14 d后大鼠脑含水量变化;造模成功后,采用longa法进行神经功能缺损评分;Morris水迷宫实验评价大鼠空间学习、记忆能力;Western blot检测各组大鼠缺血半暗带神经元生长相关蛋白;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(polymerasec chain reaction,PCR)测定粪便肠道菌群变化;双抗体夹心(ABC-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ABC-ELISA)法检测血清和脑组织中的白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)和细胞间黏附分子-1(intercellular adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)的含量,并分析IL-1β、ICAM-1与肠道菌群的相关性。

结果

在造模后24 h及3、7、14 d评估各组大鼠的神经功能情况,电针各组大鼠脑缺血再灌注后同期神经功能缺损评分均低于同期MCAO组,其中电针穴位组均明显低于同期非穴组(P<0.01),而电针组大鼠神经功能随着干预时间延长改善更明显。与MCAO组比较,MCAO+电针穴位组同期逃避潜伏期明显缩短(P<0.05),MCAO+电针穴位组穿越平台次数升高(P<0.05)。与MCAO组比较,电针组、电针非穴组大鼠生长相关蛋白-43(growth associated protein-43,GAP-43)、神经丝蛋白-200(neurofilament-200,NF-200)表达上升(P<0.05),排斥导向分子a(repulsive guidance molecule a,RGMa)表达下降(P<0.05);电针组大鼠脑组织含水量明显降低(P<0.01);与MCAO组比较,MCAO+电针穴位组粪便中大肠杆菌、肠球菌数量减少(P<0.05),双歧杆菌、乳酸菌数量增多(P<0.05);电针组大鼠模型外周血及脑组织中IL-1β、ICAM-1的含量水平降低(P<0.05);IL-1β、ICAM-1与乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量均呈负相关,与大肠杆菌、肠球菌数量均呈正相关。

结论

电针治疗可以调节缺血性脑卒中大鼠模型肠道菌群紊乱,通过抗炎及维持免疫耐受机制减轻炎症反应,发挥脑保护作用。

电针  /  缺血性脑卒中  /  肠道菌群  /  炎症免疫
Objective

To explore the effects of electroacupuncture therapy on intestinal flora and inflammatory immune function in ischemic stroke model rats.

Methods

According to random number table method,16 Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were divided into sham operation group,middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)group,MCAO+electroacupuncture group and MCAO+electroacupuncture non-acupoint group. Left MCAO operation was conducted with wire occlusion method to prepare brain ischemia-reperfusion animalmodel. After the operation,the animal model was put into wood shavings and kept warm water to observe the changes. After 2 hours,the wire occlusion was slowly withdrawn,while only the arteries were separated and then sewed up in the sham operation group.24 hours aftermodeling,the MCAO+electroacupuncture group selected Shenting(DU24)and Baihui(DU20)and applied SDZ-V electroacupuncture instrument with density wave(1~20 Hz)once a day,for a total of 7 days. The sham operation group and the MCAO group were given the same feeding and grasping conditions with out any treatment. In the MCAO+electroacupuncture non-acupoint group,the hypocholic non-meridian and non-acupoint pointswere selected,and the electroacupuncture intervention was carried out24 hours aftermodeling for 14 days. The neural function of rats in each group was observed 24 h and 3,7 and 14 days after themodeling,and the change of brain water contentwas detected after the intervention for 14 days. After successfulmodeling,longamethod was used to score the neurological impairment. Morriswatermaze experiment evaluated the spatial learning and memory ability of rats. Western blotanalysiswas performed to detect the growth related proteins of ischemic penumbra neurons in each group. Real-time fluorescence quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR)was used to detect the changes of intestinal flora in rat stool. The contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and intercellular adhesionmolecule-1(ICAM-1)in serum and brain tissue were detected by double antibody sandwich ABC-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ABC-ELISA). The correlation between IL-1β,ICAM-1 and intestinal flora was analyzed.

Results

The neurological function of the rats in each group was evaluated at 24 h and 3,7,14 d aftermodeling. The neurological function deficit score of the rats in the electroacupuncture group was lower than that in the MCAO group at the same period after cerebral ischemia reperfusion,and the acupoint group was significantly lower than that in the non-acupoint group(P<0.01). The improvement of nerve function in electroacupuncture group wasmore significant with the extension of intervention time. Compared with thatof the MCAO group,the escape latency ofMCAO+electroacupuncture group was significantly shortened(P<0.05),and the number of crossing platform in the MCAO+electroacupuncture group was increased(P<0.05). Compared with those of the MCAO group,the expressions of growth associated protein-43(GAP-43)and neurofilament-200(NF-200)increased(P<0.05),and the expressions of repulsive guidancemolecule a(RGMa)decreased(P<0.05)in the electroacupuncture group and non-acupoint group. The water content of brain tissue in electroacupuncture group decreased significantly(P<0.01). Compared with that of the MCAO group,the number of Escherichia coli and enterococcus in feces of the MCAO+electroacupuncture group decreased(P<0.05),while the number of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus increased(P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β and ICAM-1 in peripheral blood and brain tissue of ischemic stroke rats in the electroacupuncture group were decreased(P<0.05). IL-1βand ICAM-1 were negatively correlated with the number of lactobacillus and bifidobacterium,butpositively correlated with the number of Escherichia coliand enterococcus.

Conclusion

Electroacupuncture can regulate intestinal flora disturbance in ischemic stroke ratmodel,reduce inflammatory response through anti-inflammatory and maintenance of immune tolerancemechanism,and play a role in brain protection.

electroacupuncture  /  ischemic stroke  /  intestinal flora  /  inflammatory immune
张蕴, 林丹丹, 王钦敏, 高诗晴. 电针治疗对缺血性脑卒中模型大鼠肠道菌群及炎症免疫功能的影响研究. 中华中医药学刊, 2025 , 43 (1) : 204 -209 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.01.036
Yun ZHANG, Dandan LIN, Qinmin WANG, Shiqing GAO. Effects of Electroacupuncture on Intestinal Flora and Inflammatory Immune Function in Ischemic Stroke Model Rats[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 43 (1) : 204 -209 . DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.01.036
近年来,缺血性脑卒中的发病率及其相关病死率均逐渐增加,且缺血性脑卒中具有高致残率的特点[1-2],严重威胁着人民的生命健康。缺血性脑卒中是由血管及其分支的永久或短暂闭塞,导致患者脑部出现缺血、缺氧等表现[3],继而造成脑组织发生局限性缺血性软化或坏死等不可逆性脑损伤。肠道-大脑-微生物轴是指宿主大脑和肠道功能整合的神经递质双向通道,脑肠之间可以有效进行双向调节反馈活动。肠道菌群的改变会引起机体免疫系统释放炎性因子,脑卒中也可能导致肠道动力障碍、肠道菌群失调等[4-5]。脑缺血被中医归类在“中风”范畴,其治法以活血化瘀为主,中医疗法对缺血性脑卒中急性期发作、并发症和后遗症均存在一定康复效果,针灸作为一种辅助治疗得到了越来越多的认可,可治疗脑卒中后认知障碍和中风[6],针刺效果尤为显著[7]。相关研究表明,针刺治疗主要以改善帕金森大鼠肠道菌群紊乱状态,从而提高运动功能及保护多巴胺能神经元,有效地抑制神经炎症[8-9]。电针疗法是一种有效的脑缺血治疗方法,其特点是在传统针灸上增加了电刺激,可调节电针仪相关参数使其能够提高对胃肠平滑肌的刺激。电针疗法可以有效地调节胃肠道效应,包括提高肠道免疫、双向调节胃肠道运动以及与抗炎反应有关[10]。此次研究旨在建立脑缺血大鼠模型的基础上,探究电针治疗对缺血性脑卒中大鼠肠道菌群及炎症免疫功能的影响。
16只SPF级雄性成年(Sprague-Dawley,SD)大鼠[生产许可证:SCXK(湘)2019-0004,湖南斯莱克景达实验动物有限公司],体质量(270±10)g。所有大鼠在实验室动物房饲养,自主摄食及饮水,适应性喂养1周。所有动物实验均按照实验动物伦理和使用要求实行相关操作[11]。
生长相关蛋白43(growth associated protein-43,GAP-43,K009719P)、神经丝蛋白200(neurofilament proteins-200,NF-200,K009971M)、排斥指导分子a(repulsive guidancemolecule a,RGMa,P00965)一抗、二抗(北京索莱宝科技有限公司);白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)ELISA 试剂盒(ab197742)、细胞间黏附分子-1(intercellular adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)ELISA试剂盒(ab252355,英国Abcam);合成聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)引物(上海生工);粪便DNA提取试剂盒(18820ES08)、DNA回收试剂盒(翌圣生物科技有限公司);PCR试剂盒(639124,宝日医生物技术有限公司)。
大脑中动脉闭塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)模型的建立借助线拴法,并给予电针干预治疗,根据随机数字表分为假手术组、MCAO组、MCAO+电针组、MCAO+电针非穴组。采用线栓法进行左侧大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)手术,制备脑缺血再灌注动物模型,手术完成后将其放入木屑中并温水保温观察其变化,2 h后将线栓缓慢退出,假手术组仅将动脉分离,然后缝合。造模后24 h后,MCAO+电针组,选取神庭、百会穴进行针刺,应用SDZ-V电针仪,疏密波,频率及强度分别为1~20 Hz、2 mA,30 min/次,1次/d,一共干预7 d;假手术组和MCAO组:不予任何治疗,给予同等条件的喂养和抓取;MCAO+电针非穴组:取胁下非经非穴点,在造模后24 h进行电针干预14 d。
取干预第14天各组大鼠新鲜粪便,存于无菌试管,用于肠道菌群检测;各组在干预14 d后分别随机挑选大鼠2只;将各组剩余大鼠麻醉后处死,取左侧脑组织,冰上分离缺血半暗带,存于-80℃冰箱用于后续检测蛋白表达水平和炎性因子。
longa法评估神经功能缺损,其具体标准为:①0分,无神经缺失的症状;②1分,对侧前爪无法完全伸展;③2分,向右侧转圈;④3分,向对侧倾倒;⑤4分,神经缺失症状严重,不能行走。若评分高于2分表明造模成功。
利用水迷宫实验对大鼠的记忆力、空间学习能力评价:实验包含定位航行与空间探索。
(1)定位航行实验:通过大鼠游泳路程和逃避潜伏期,判断对空间的记忆、学习能力。将大鼠根据象限先后顺序依次放入水中,记录大鼠90 s内找到平台时间(逃避潜伏期),及各类相关参数。若大鼠90 s都没发现平台,可将其引至平台,学习10 s,并将潜伏期时间记为90 s。
(2)空间探索实验:通过大鼠穿越平台区域的次数,判断其空间记忆的能力。即平台于干预的第7天将其撤去,并将大鼠从平台对角线位置放入水中,记录90 s其经过平台需要次数。
大鼠麻醉后断头处死,取出左脑称质量,再包裹锡纸于100℃烘箱中烘24 h,取出再次称质量。脑含水量为(湿质量-干质量)/湿质量×100%。
Western-blot:使用蛋白裂解液(radio immunoprecipitation assay,RIPA)抽提蛋白,蛋白质定量试剂盒法(bicinchoninic acid assay,BCA)测定蛋白质含量。变性后进行电泳,转至聚偏氟乙烯(vinylidene fluoride,PVDF)膜上,用Western洗涤缓冲液(western washing buffer,TBS-T)(脱脂奶粉5%,Tris-HCl20mmol/L,NaCl137mmol/L,0.1% Tween-20)封闭2 h,洗膜,加入稀释1∶1000的相关蛋白一抗抗体,对照为稀释同倍数的β-actin,4℃震荡过夜,用含0.25%tween-20的TBS-T洗3次,5 min/次,将稀释1∶2500的辣根过氧化物酶标记的二抗加入,25℃下孵育1 h,用TBST清洗3次,10 min/次,添加ECL发光液(比例为1∶1),凝胶成像系统扫描。
各组大鼠于水迷宫结束当天取粪便样本,用酒精(浓度75%)消毒大鼠肛周,并轻揉按其腹部,使用无酶ep收集2~3颗大鼠粪便,将其保存于-80℃下。根据标准曲线及样品Ct值,于实时荧光定量PCR仪上检测各菌种(大肠杆菌、双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌和肠球菌)在各组中的变化。
选择双抗体夹心(ABC-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ABC-ELISA)法,于492 nm处对吸光度(optical density,OD)值进行测量,样本浓度同OD值成正比,样本中IL-1β含量可由绘制标准曲线求出。
方法同上。
每组实验重复3次,采用SPSS 20.0进行数据分析,计量资料用±s表示,大鼠神经功能评分选择重复测量方差分析,组间比较选择单因素方差分析,各组内比较选择LSD-t检验,以Pearson相关性分析法分析血清与脑组织中IL-1β、ICAM-1与肠道菌群数量的相关性。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
在造模后24 h及3、7、14 d评估各组大鼠的神经功能情况,假手术组无神经功能障碍,MCAO组大鼠脑缺血再灌注后24 h、3 d、7 d、14 d神经功能缺损评分均明显高于假手术组(P<0.05)。电针各组大鼠脑缺血再灌注后神经功能缺损评分均低于同期MCAO组,其中电针穴位组均明显低于同期非穴组(P<0.01),电针组大鼠神经功能随着干预时间延长改善更明显。见表1。
与假手术组比较,MCAO组第3、7、14天逃避潜伏期明显延长(P<0.05);与MCAO组比较,第3、7、14天MCAO+电针穴位组逃避潜伏期明显减少(P<0.05)。MCAO组穿越平台次数较假手术组显著降低(P<0.05);与MCAO组比较,MCAO+电针穴位组穿越平台次数升高(P<0.05)。见表2。各组大鼠间游泳速度无差别。
与假手术组比较,MCAO组大鼠脑组织含水量增加(P<0.05),缺血半暗带GAP-43、NF-200表达下降(P<0.01),RGMa表达上调(P<0.01);与MCAO组比较,电针组、电针非穴组大鼠GAP-43、NF-200表达增加(P<0.05),RGMa表达下降(P<0.05);电针非穴组大鼠脑组织含水量降低(P<0.05),电针组大鼠脑组织含水量明显降低(P<0.01)。见图1。
与假手术组比较,MCAO组大鼠粪便中大肠杆菌、肠球菌数量明显增多(P<0.05),双歧杆菌、乳酸菌数量明显降低(P<0.05);与MCAO组比较,MCAO+电针穴位组粪便中大肠杆菌、肠球菌数量减少(P<0.05),双歧杆菌、乳酸菌数量增多(P<0.05)。见表3。
MCAO组血清IL-1β含量进一步升高,与假手术组相比,变化差异显著(P<0.05)。MCAO+电针组外周血IL-1β含量与同时段MCAO组相比,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。MCAO组脑组织中IL-1β含量进一步升高,与假手术组相比,变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MCAO+电针组脑组织内IL-1β含量较同时段MCAO组下降更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MCAO+电针非穴组脑组织中IL-1β水平较同时段MCAO组略有下降。见图2。
MCAO组血清中ICAM-1含量与假手术组相比增高明显,变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MCAO+电针组血清ICAM-1含量较同时段MCAO组下降更明显。MCAO组脑组织中ICAM-1含量进一步升高,与假手术组相比,MCAO组变化差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。电针组脑组织ICAM-1含量较同时段MCAO组下降更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见图3。
经Pearson相关性分析发现,IL-1β、ICAM-1与乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量均呈负相关,与大肠杆菌、肠球菌数量均呈正相关;脑组织IL-1β、血清ICAM-1、脑组织ICAM-1差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而血清IL-1β无统计学意义。见表4。
近年来,研究发现机体内的多个生理功能均有肠道菌群参与,如免疫功能和神经系统功能[12]。经动物实验和临床研究发现肠道菌群是肠道-大脑-微生物轴的重要组成部分,肠道作为人体内最大的外周免疫器官,肠道环境的改变可影响大脑神经递质系统。缺血性脑卒中的重要生理和病理变化是肠道免疫系统破坏,神经功能缺损严重[13]。缺血性脑卒中发生后,在中枢神经系统和肠道菌群之间的双向联系下,一方面,大脑到肠道的自上而下的通路影响肠道屏障功能和菌群组成,而另一方面从肠道到大脑自下而上的信号触发炎症反应,影响卒中结局[14]。
缺血性脑卒中的发病原因主要是脏腑、阴阳失调,气血津液运行紊乱,是由多种因素共同导致的复杂病变[15]。随着大脑动脉被栓塞或原位血栓形成阻塞,随后氧气和能量供应中断,缺血性中风导致不可逆的神经元损伤和一级分子反应[16-17]。在缺血性脑卒中发生后,小胶质细胞、血管内皮细胞、肥大细胞中产生促炎因子相互作用,诱导炎症反应,加剧脑损伤[18]。IL-1β为前炎性细胞因子,可激活多种炎症细胞及免疫细胞。MCAO组大鼠脑缺血后再进行灌注的血清及脑组织的IL-1β含量均检测到异常增高,表明缺血再灌注快速诱导了IL-1β的表达。ICAM-1是一种免疫调节因子,具有调控细胞及胞外基质之间的黏附性、调节组织细胞分化以及促进炎症反应等生理病理功能[19]。关于ICAM-1同IL-1β的层递关系,众多的实验证明致炎因子IL-1β可诱导ICAM-1表达上调,进一步诱导白细胞与内皮细胞的黏附、聚集加剧炎症反应。此外,其外周免疫稳态受影响,导致肠道内菌群比例发生变化,菌群失调也愈加严重,进而影响机体免疫、营养代谢等病理生理过程[20]。
中医治疗缺血性脑卒中效果显著,针灸作为治疗缺血性脑卒中的有效辅助疗法,已广泛应用于神经系统的恢复阶段[21-22]。中医电针法可以经过脑皮层运动区间穴位刺激,提升中枢神经系统兴奋性,进而使大脑内的病灶脑血流图波有所加强[23]。现代研究认为,百会穴具有调节脑神经细胞机能和保护受损神经元[24],从而改善脑血液微循环并提高脑血流量,达到改善、恢复脑组织功能的作用。人中为督脉、手阳明经交会穴,通过针刺此穴可以作用于脑干,对呼吸节律与升高血压有明显作用。许多临床试验和动物研究发现,电针疗法可以有助于认知障碍康复。Morris水迷宫实验中,MCAO组大鼠认知功能明显下降;而经过电针处理的大鼠Morris水迷宫实验显示术后认知功能明显改善。此外还有研究表明,电针治疗能够促进神经元再生和修复、改善脑部血液供应、降低炎性因子表达、抑制细胞凋亡、调节脑代谢等[25-26]。针灸作为一种新的非药物抗氧化方法,在调节中枢神经系统氧化还原状态方面发挥了有益作用[27]。最近,新兴的实验研究表明,针灸通过其抗氧化潜力在急性中风中发挥神经保护作用[28-29]。
研究发现,MCAO组大鼠粪便中含有的肠球菌、大肠杆菌数量明显增多,而乳酸菌、双歧杆菌明显降低。脑卒中后肠道菌群失调,导致“肠道-大脑-微生物”轴信号传导失调,诱导肠道屏障改变,以及全身炎症和感染,影响卒中后脑损伤的严重程度和预后。“肠道-大脑-微生物”轴是双向通信系统,存在较为复杂的信号传递机制,如神经、免疫、内分泌、代谢途径。研究表明免疫反应加重引起脑部有害的炎症反应及其肠道微生物群同脑卒中预后较差有关[30]。肠道微生物与免疫细胞因子的表达密切相关,菌群产生的许多分子均能影响免疫反应[31]。结果显示经过电针治疗后外周血和脑组织内IL-1β、ICAM-1表达都存在明显下降,即电针疗法可调节因缺血性脑卒中而引起的炎症反应,可以通过减少IL-1β、ICAM-1表达,抑制内皮细胞同白细胞之间的黏附,从而使白细胞数量下降,减缓炎症反应进程及程度,保护脑神经元避免被炎性因子侵袭。同时与MCAO组比较,MCAO+电针穴位组粪便中大肠杆菌、肠球菌数量减少,双歧杆菌、乳酸菌数量增多。本研究结果显示,IL-1β、ICAM-1与乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量均呈负相关,与大肠杆菌、肠球菌数量均呈正相关。由于肠道细菌可激活淋巴细胞,使机体的免疫功能受到影响,IL-1β、ICAM-1水平随之发生变化,表明缺血性脑卒中患者机体炎症因子均与肠道菌群失衡密切相关。
综上所述,电针治疗减轻了缺血性脑卒中大鼠的氧化应激反应和炎症反应,调节其肠道菌群紊乱,对缺血性脑卒中具有保护作用。此文的局限在于并未探究电针治疗对缺血性脑卒中大鼠肠道菌群影响的具体机制,未来将做进一步研究。
  • 福建省自然科学基金青创项目(2022J05201)
  • 福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT191300)
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2025年第43卷第1期
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doi: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2025.01.036
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-01-10
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福建省自然科学基金青创项目(2022J05201)
福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT191300)
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    1.福建技术师范学院教育学院,福建 福州 353000
    2.福建省中医药科学院门诊部,福建 福州 350000
    3.福建卫生职业技术学院医学院,福建 福州 350101
    4.福建省福州儿童医院,福建 福州 350001
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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