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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of carbohydrate components of fungus S7 (Tulasnella sp.) on seed germination of Dendrobium officinale. METHODS The polysaccharides of S7 mycelia (MP) and of S7 fermentation broth (FP) were prepared by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. MP and FP were hydrolyzed by trifluoroacetic acid to obtain hydrolysates, MPH and FPH. The monosaccharide composition of MP and FP were determined by PMP-HPLC. MP, FP, MPH, FPH, and the unique and mixed monosaccharide of MP were added to water agar (WA) and 1/2 MS media respectively to study the effects of carbohydrate on the seed germination of Dendrobium officinale. RESULTS The germination rate of WA medium group (WACK1) was (88.65±4.71)%, and seeds germinated to stage 3 (protocorm). Compared with WACK1, adding MP and MPH had no significant effect on germination rate (P>0.05), and seeds could germinate to stage 4 (having one leaf), while adding FPH could significantly reduce germination rate (P<0.05). MP was composed of glucose, galactose, glucuronic acid, xylose, mannose, fucose, ribose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 15.05∶1.00∶0.70∶0.35∶0.30∶0.29∶0.13∶0.13. FP was composed of arabinose, galactose, xylose and glucuronic acid in a molar ration of 1.22∶1.00∶0.71∶0.47. Fucose was the unique monosaccharide component of MP. The germination rate and stage 5 (having two leaves) germination rate of 1/2 MS medium group(MSCK) was (98.10±0.46)% and (50.97±4.33)%, respectively. Compared with MSCK, adding 0.20-20 mg·L-1 fucose had no significant effect on germination rate (P>0.05), while significantly increased stage 5 germination rate (P<0.05), which was 1.36-1.47 times that of MSCK. CONCLUSION MP and MPH promote the development of protocorm of D.officinale. Fucose is an active component in MPH that could promote the further differentiation and development of seeds after germination.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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