OBJECTIVE To establish a quantitative analysis of multi-components by a single-marker method (QAMS) for simultaneous determination of protocatechuic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, caffeic acid, osmundacetone, and hispidin in Sanghuangporus based on HPLC fingerprint analysis of Sanghuangporus samples. METHODS The analysis was performed on an HPLC system equipped with Wondasil C₁₈ Superb column (4.6 nm×250 mm, 5μm), the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid solution, and gradient elution procedure was employed. The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL·min^-1, column temperature was maintained at 25℃, and the sample injection volume was 20 μL. The relative correction factors of protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, osmundacetone and hispidin were calculated with 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde as the internal reference, and the durability of the established method were also investigated. The contents of these five compounds in ten batches of Sanghuangporus from different producing areas or batches were determined by external standard method (ESM) and QAMS method, respectively. RESULTS SPSS, SIMCA and Origin Pro software were employed for principal components assay, similarity evaluation and cluster analysis. The specificity, precision, repeatability, stability and linear range (r²>0.999 0) of the five components were all good. The average recovery was between 99.74%-102.78% and RSD value was between 1.34%-2.92%, respectively. Then 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde was chosen as the internal reference for calculating the correction factors for the other four components, the average relative correction factors of protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, osmundacetone, and hispidin were 0.851 9, 1.446 9, 1.615 7, and 0.774 7, respectively. Student's t-test results showed that there was no significant difference between the data analyzed by ESM method and the data obtained from QAMS method. Through data visualization analysis, the cluster analysis indicated that samples from Tibet and samples from Guangdong were clustered in significantly different categories. However, there was still one batch Sanghuangporus sample from Guangdong and one batch from Changbai moutains showing more similarities to Tibet category. This indicated that there was a certain relationship between the quality of Sanghuangporus and the origins of Sanghuangporus samples, but there were still other factors affecting the quality of Sanghuangporus such as the confusing species or unclear basic sources. The contents of hispidin, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and osmundacetone in different samples showed significant differences, indicating that these three components might be the main quality markers of Sanghuangporus for giving more contributes to the principal components. CONCLUSION Based on HPLC fingerprint, the method of QAMS established in this study is a simple, economical and practical method with scientific and applicable characteristics for evaluating the quality of Sanghuangporus efficiently and scientifically, which can also provide a certain scientific basis for the quality evaluation of its germplasm resources.