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OBJECTIVE To review the latest progress of phage therapy in clinical application of multiple multidrug-resistant bacterial pneumonia, in order to provide documentary evidence for the application of phage in pulmonary infection. METHODS The keywords “phage” or “phage therapy” or “phage endolysin” or “engineered phage” and “pneumonia” were used in literature search on CNKI and pubmed, and the retrieved case reports were reviewed according to pathogen classification. RESULTS Clinical studies on randomized controlled trial(RCT) of phage therapy for the treatment of pneumonia had not been publicly reported, but phage had achieved good efficacy in the treatment of pneumonia infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii, and only one adverse reaction had been reported. At the same time, this paper discussed the current difficulties of bacteriophage therapy, such as bacterial resistance, its own safety or the influence of immune system on its efficacy, and the latest development direction of phage endolysin and engineered phage therapy. CONCLUSION Bacteriophages have a promising future in the treatment of respiratory infections, especially those caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In the future, more in vivo studies may be needed to answer questions about the efficacy and safety of phage derivatives or engineered phage therapy.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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