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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a microaerophilic, Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa and exhibits a distinctive spiral morphology. It was found to be involved in the development of diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer in 1982. Currently, H. pylori infection affects more than half of the global population, and the emergence of antibiotic resistance poses a significant challenge. Consequently, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic agents capable of overcoming H. pylori resistance. This review provides a concise overview of the pathogenic mechanisms associated with H. pylori while summarizing and discussing both approved pharmaceuticals and investigational drugs targeting this bacterium, with the aim of facilitating the advancement of subsequent therapeutic agents targeting H. pylori.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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