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Ginkgo biloba has been widely used to treat diseases such as blood stasis blocking collaterals, chest pain, stroke, and hemiplegia. Ginkgo biloba extract 50 (GBE50) is the fifth generation of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE). The chemical components of GBE50 include total flavonoids and terpene lactones. GBE50 shows multiple pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant stress, and antiplatelet aggregation. In clinic, it has been widely used in vascular-related diseases such as coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, stroke, and vascular dementia. The authors review the studies on the material basis, clinical application, and mechanism of GBE50, and mainly focus on the research progress in pharmacological mechanism. These might provide a fresh perspective and idea for research on GBE50 in the treatment of vascular-related diseases.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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