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Ligustilide (LIG) is a phthalide compound found in Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels and Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, which has a wide range of pharmacological activities in clinical practice, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-tumor, neuroprotective, and vascular protective effects. However, LIG has poor stability and is easily affected by factors such as temperature, light, oxygen, pH value, and solvent type, leading to conformational changes. In addition, the low water solubility and low bioavailability of LIG limit its development and application in new drugs. The article reviews the research progress on natural sources, structural characteristics and structural modifications, degradation and transformation mechanisms, main degradation influencing factors, stabilization methods and bioactivity of LIG in recent years, in order to provide reference for the further development and applications of LIG.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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