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OBJECTIVE To provide reference for reasonable protection, development and utilization of Codonopsis pilosula germplasm resources. METHODS Variation analysis, correlation analysis, principal components analysis, cluster analysis, piecewise linear regression analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were conducted on the main agronomic traits and representative components of 106 Codonopsis pilosula germplasm resources. RESULTS The genetic variability of the 106 Codonopsis pilosula germplasm resources was rich, with the coefficients of variation of the 106 Codonopsis pilosula trait indexes ranging from 9.331% to 86.948%, among which the coefficient of variation of the degree of variability of atractylenolide Ⅲ was the highest, 86.948%; the indexes of genetic diversity ranged from 1.587 to 2.039, with syringin 1.587, and root length, number of branches, and Codonopsis polysaccharide were 2.027,2.039 and 2.032, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that most of the 14 traits had significant or highly significant relationships with each other. The seven principal component factors available for principal component analysis could explain most of the information of the 14 indicators, with eigenvalues of 4.172, 2.427, 1.646, 1.196, 0.943, 0.872 and 0.75, respectively, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 85.760%. Using the DTOPSIS method to score the germplasm resources of Codonopsis pilosula, the top 15 were No.13, No.20, No.21, No.18, No.73, No.77, No.90, No.78, No.88, No.72, No.74, No.80, No.79, No.34 and No.14, respectively.Clustering analysis showed that 106 codonopsis germplasm could be classified into five taxa, among which the agronomic traits and quality indexes except syringin at a higher level in taxon Ⅰ. The overall performance was better, and it could be promoted for cultivation. stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that root length, luxia diameter, dry weight, drying rate, total amino acid, tryptophan, tangshenoside Ⅰ and atractylenolide Ⅲ had significant effects on fresh weight. Root length, total amino acid. Codonopsis polysaccharide, tryptophan, syringin, tangshenoside Ⅰ and atractylenolide Ⅲ had significant effects on extractum. Extractum had significant effects on codonopsis polysaccharide. Total amino acids, tryptophan and syringin had significant effects on lobetyolin. CONCLUSION The results of this study can serve as a reference for screening high-quality germplasm resources and cultivating varieties of Codonopsis pilosula.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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