OBJECTIVE To summarize the research progress and beneficiary population of immune re challenge in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and provide reference for the treatment of NSCLC in clinical practice. METHODS Using keywords such as “non- small cell lung cancer”, “immune checkpoint inhibitor”, “rechallenge”, etc., a combination of topic words and free words was used to search relevant literature from PubMed、Cochrane Library、embase、self-built databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure until February 1, 2024. RESULTS A total of 526 relevant literature were retrieved, with over 40 valid articles. Among them, there are 6 systematic reviews/Meta analyses on NSCLC rechallenge, 5 clinical studies, and most of the rest are retrospective real-world studies. CONCLUSION The effectiveness and controllable irAEs of immune rechallenge therapy for NSCLC were analyzed, and it was preliminarily believed that patients with high programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression (TPS ≥ 50%), good performance status (PS) score in the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) in the United States (ECOG-PS≤1) and longer initial immunotherapy time were more likely to benefit from ICIs rechallenge.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |