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OBJECTIVE To explore the occurrence and characteristics of interstitial lung disease (ILD) induced by novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and provide references for clinical safe drug use. METHODS The case reports of ILD induced by NOACs published in PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were searched from the establishment of each database to March 2023, and statistical analysis was conducted on relevant information and data. RESULTS A total of 11 male patients from 8 articles were identified and included in the analysis, including 5 cases of apixaban, 5 cases of dabigatran etexilate and 1 case of edoxaban. The age of the patients was 65-91 (79.6±7.1) years old. All patients suffered from dyspnea and were diagnosed with ILD after imaging examination, in which diffuse alveolar hemorrhage was relatively common. ILD was found from 3 days to 4 years after medication. After treatment including drug withdrawal, mechanical ventilation and methylprednisolone pluse therapy, 9 cases had good prognosis and 2 cases died of respiratory failure. CONCLUSIONS ILD could be induced by different NOACs. Attention should be paid to dyspnea and other symptoms at the early stage of treatment, and imaging examination should be performed when necessary. Once ILD was suspected to be caused by NOACs, withdraw in time and appropriate measures such as glucocorticoid should be taken.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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