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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different drying methods on the concentrates of Astragalus membranaceus and provide a basis for the optimization and establishment of their drying processes. METHODS The contents of Astragalus methyloside, Pistil isoflavone glucoside, Pistil isoflavone, Mangiferin, Astragalus polysaccharide, ethanol extract and the clarity index and solubility index were used as evaluation indexes to dry Astragalus concentrate by freeze-drying, vacuum drying, atmospheric pressure drying and microwave drying, and the weights of each index were jointly determined by hierarchical analysis (AHP) and entropy weighting method, and the most suitable drying method was selected by the combination of comprehensive scoring, cluster analysis, fingerprinting and other methods as well as the characteristics of each drying method itself. RESULTS The effects of different drying methods on the concentration of Astragalus membranaceus varied widely, with the highest comprehensive scores for freeze-drying and vacuum-drying and lower scores for atmospheric-pressure drying and microwave drying. According to the analysis of similarity evaluation software, the fingerprint profiles of freeze-dried and vacuum-dried samples were the most similar to those of concentrates, the differences between the samples obtained from the two drying methods were small, and the results were similar to the comprehensive scores. Within the experimental range, the concentrates of Astragalus membranaceus were more stable under freeze-drying and vacuum-drying conditions. CONCLUSION The effect of different drying methods and conditions on Astragalus concentrates varies greatly. Through the study of four drying methods, vacuum drying is finally selected as the most suitable drying method for Astragalus concentrates.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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