Ganoderma lucidum is a fungus belonging to the genus Ganoderma in the family of Polyporaceae. As a precious medicinal herb which can be used for both medicine and food, it has various biological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. However, due to the difficulty in dissolution, low bioavailability, difficulty in absorption by the human body, and the increased burden on liver injury patients caused by direct use, the application of Ganoderma lucidum is greatly limited. In recent years, in order to improve the application efficiency of Ganoderma lucidum and expand its scope of application, the research on its nanoparticle size has received widespread attention from researchers. The article introduces the preparation of Ganoderma lucidum nanoparticles (including biological, chemical and physical methods) and their applications and mechanisms of action in different fields such as biomedicine, health care, environment and agriculture. It points out the shortcomings of existing related research and future development directions, and provides reference for in-depth research on Ganoderma lucidum nanoparticles.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |