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OBJECTIVE To investigate crystal structure and composition of synthetic and natural cinnaba,compare their spectroscopic characteristics and analyze their microscopic characteristics and trace element differences. METHODS This investigation endeavors to clarify the crystal configuration and phase composition of synthetic and natural cinnabar on the market and analyze the differences in trace elements between them. Meanwhile, we used powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron probe micro-analysis, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, with traditional microscopic identification(characteristics; optical polarized light microscopy), to explore the identification methods of synthetic and natural cinnabar. RESULTS The results suggest that, both present to share the same characteristics in the crystal forms of synthetic and natural cinnabar. Common impurities in natural cinnabar are quartz, pyrite, calcite, stibnite, etc., while the differences among different batches of samples are distinguishable. Synthetic cinnabar contains a small number of calcite impurities, and the quality is relatively uniform. By using electron probe micro-analysis technology, and powder crystal X-ray diffraction technology combined with polarized light microscopy, the impurities in synthetic cinnabar and natural cinnabar can be effectively analyzed and identified; the mid-infrared spectrum and Raman spectrum characteristics of synthetic and natural cinnabar are similar; the characteristic trace elements between synthetic and natural cinnabar are consistent. CONCLUSION Three elements including Fe, Mg and Zn can be quantified to identify these two as reference.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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