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OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of different polar parts of Allii macrostemonis Bulbus. METHODS The chemical constituents in Allii macrostemonis Bulbus were isolated and purified by extraction, silica gel column chromatography, reversed-phase silica (ODS) column chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The compounds were structurally characterized by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR). Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity of each of the compound was determined in vitro using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH·) and the 2,2'-amino-bis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline sulfonate-6) ammonium salt radical (ABTS·) scavenging method. RESULTS Twenty-four compounds were isolated from Allii macrostemonis Bulbus. Two compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether fraction and identified as oleic acid (1) and dodecanoic acid (2). Five compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction and identified as kaempferol (3), isorhamnetin (4), oleanolic acid (5), sarsasapogenin (6), and tigogenin (7). Sixteen compounds were isolated from the n-butanol fraction and identified as (+)-catechin (8), quercetin (9), harpagide (10), magnoflorine (11), synephrine (12), gallic acid (13), syringin (14), thymidine (15), guanosine (16), β-sitosterol (17), stigmasterol (18), daucosterol (19), dibutyl phthalate (20), L-tryptophan (21), respectively, 7,7'-bis-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8,8'-dihydroxymethyl-tetrahydrofuran-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (22), and polianthoside B (23). One compound, betaine (24), was isolated from the aqueous fraction. The in vitro antioxidant results showed that compound 9 had the strongest scavenging ability for DPPH· and ABTS·, with IC50 values of (0.32±0.11) mg·mL-1 and (0.03±0.02) mg·mL-1, respectively. CONCLUSION Compounds 2-5, 8-12, 20 and 22-24 are isolated from this plant for the first time, with compounds 22 and 23 being isolated for the first time from Liliaceae family.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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