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OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics of methylphenidate (MPH) related treatment emergent adverse events (TEAE) in children, so as to provide recommendations for prevention of MPH safety events. METHODS Case reports of MPH-induced TEAE in children were retrieved from CNKI, VIP, Wan Fang, PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase and other databases, and the gender, age, dosage, drug combination, time of adverse reactions and clinical manifestations of the patients were statistically analyzed. RESULTS A total of 39 case reports were collected, involving 50 cases, including 47 cases in the treatment group and 3 cases in the non-treatment group. In the treatment group, the ratio of male to female was 3.7∶1, with 40 cases (80%) in patients aged 6-15 years. Most TEAEs occurred within 1-30 d after drug administration (32 cases, 64%), and the TEAEs mainly involved mental system (12 cases, 21.43%) and nervous system (11 cases, 19.64%). In the non-treatment group, 2 patients were overdosed, and adverse reactions occurred within 1 h, mainly involving mental system and nervous system. Among the 50 cases, 49 cases were improved after drug withdrawal and/or symptomatic treatment, and 1 case had unknown prognosis. CONCLUSION It is necessary to prevent the possible safety problems in the use of MPH, so as to improve the level of rational drug use.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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