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Outline
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main pathological type of primary liver cancer, accounting for 75%~85%, and most of the patients are diagnosed late with poor prognosis. The treatment choices of advanced HCC are limited, sorafenib and other targeted drugs can only prolong the overall survival of patients to about one year, which is difficult to meet the clinical needs, so it is urgent to develop new treatment methods. Nivolumab further prolongs the overall survival of patients, and it was the first immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) approved for the treatment of advanced HCC, which also opened the prelude of immunotherapy for advanced HCC. Subsequent clinical studies indicated that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with other therapies such as targeted therapy, local treatment, systemic chemotherapy could not only enhance the efficacy, but also had no significant increase in adverse reactions. In conclusion, ICIs have broad application prospects in the treatment of advanced HCC, and combination therapy will be the main treatment for advanced HCC.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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