Tumor vaccines have great potential in tumor immunotherapy. Effective, controllable and long-acting tumor vaccine therapy will play a greater role in treating tumors, preventing tumor recurrence, prolonging patient survival and tumor prevention. This research analyzes the applications and grants of invention patents in the global tumor vaccine field, from the technology birthplaces, target markets, technology innovation entities, technology innovation topics and other aspects, to reveal the technology innovation trend. There are 5 635 invention patent applications in the global tumor vaccine field, with 1 839 having been granted, close to one third, indication that technological innovation is active. The United States and China are both the main technology birthplaces and also the target market. In addition, the markets in Europe and Japan are also attracting much attention. The global technological innovation entities in the field of tumor vaccines are mainly enterprises and universities/institutes. Immatics Biotechnologies in Germany, Oncotherapy Science in Japan, and Glaxo Smith Kline in the United Kingdom are leading the research and development of global tumor vaccines. The technological innovation entities in China are mainly universities/institutes, but enterprises are also beginning to play an important role. The technology innovation topics focus on antigens related to tumor vaccines, tumor immune activity, polypeptide modification, and vaccine-related biotechnology. This research analyzes the global invention patents in the field of tumor vaccines, reveals the trend and direction of technological innovation, and provides information support for tumor immunotherapy research. At the same time, it provides a new research perspective for technology development from the angle of information science.