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Primary brain cancer is a heterogeneous group of tumors arising from cells within the central nervous system. The cure rate and survival period of patients with common malignant primary brain cancers are low, and their treatment methods and therapeutic effects are also quite limited. Therefore, it is necessary to construct appropriate tumor models to study the molecular biology of the disease, preclinical pharmacodynamic and safety evaluation of new anti-tumor drugs and/or the therapeutic methods. This review summarizes the research progress of in vitro and in vivo models of primary brain cancer. In vitro models mainly include the culture of brain cancer cell line, organoids and the brain slices. In vivo models mainly include the rodent models and other model organisms such as the fruit fly and zebrafish. At present, lots of primary brain cancer disease models with their own advantages and disadvantages have been developed, but these models cannot fully simulate the complexities of brain tumors in humans. Therefore, researchers are developing more complex disease models based on the existing models to study the primary brain tumor treatment methods, screen and evaluate therapeutic drugs.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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