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A small GTPase encoded by Kirsten rat sarcoma viral proto oncogene (RAS) is a key regulatory protein in multiple cellular signaling pathways. The mutation of glycine to cysteine (G12C) at position 12 often leads to abnormal activation of cellular pathways, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Small molecule covalent inhibitors targeting KRASG12C protein can directly inhibit the abnormal activation of cellular pathways caused by KRASG12C mutation. In this paper, the structure and function of KRAS protein, as well as the research and development progress, challenges and possible solutions of covalent inhibitors of its G12C mutant are reviewed. The development direction of (K) RAS inhibitors in the future is prospected in order to provide a useful reference for the research and development of such inhibitors.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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