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Triptolide is an epoxy diterpene lactone extracted from the root of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f. It has been proved to have a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-virus, immune regulation, and anti-fertility. In recent years, triptolide was reported great potential in anti-tumor effect. Triptolide has significant inhibitory effects on wide range of tumor cell lines. The mechanism of actionincludes inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and migration, inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inducing tumor cell autophagy, and inducing tumor cell cycle arrest. However, its disadvantages limit its clinical application, such as poor water solubility, low bioavailability, strong toxicity and side effects. At present, nano preparations, such as lipid nanoparticles, polylactic acid nanoparticles, polymer micelles and exosomes, could deliver drugs to tumor sites, thus could improve drug efficacy and reduce toxicity, exhibiting good prospects of application. This paper summarizes the research on the antitumor effect, the mechanism, and the antitumor application of triptolide in recent years, in order to guide the further development and application of triptolide and its preparations in antitumor effect.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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