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Natural medicines are becoming more and more popular in clinical applications because of their remarkable efficacy with few side effects. Natural pharmaceutical compounds have been shown to be effective against many human diseases, especially cancer. Sulforaphane (1-isothiocyanate-4-(methylsulfonyl) butane) is a natural drug, which widely exists in cruciferous plants and is abundant in broccoli, Chinese kale, broccoli and other vegetables. There is growing evidence that sulforaphane is effective in the prevention and treatment of various cancers, including prostate, breast, colon, skin, bladder and oral cancers. In addition, researchers have found that sulforaphane is highly effective in fighting neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. Moreover, sulforaphane has great potential in preventing oxidative stress, anti-inflammation and anti-fatigue. In this paper, the biological activity and mechanism of sulforaphane are reviewed, and the bioavailability and toxicity of sulforaphane are discussed.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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