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This study used "microneedles" as the keyword to search for relevant literature in CNKI and PubMed databases from 2017 to 2022. This article reviews the research progress of the carriers of microneedles based on structures, preparation methods, pharmacodynamics and clinical applications. A total of 1 040 valid kinds of literature were retrieved from the two databases. The structure of microneedles can be divided into solid microneedles, coated microneedles, dissolve microneedles, hydrogel microneedles, and hollow microneedles. The microneedles preparation methods involve microcasting, drawing lithography, and 3D printing methods. Some microneedle carrier pharmacodynamics studies include the treatment of skin, metabolic diseases, immune system diseases, and eye diseases. The microneedles' clinical application researches include vaccine, radiofrequency therapy and biological diagnosis. The main direction of future microneedle research is to develop a new transdermal microneedle drug delivery system, which is combined with the new pharmaceutical preparation technology. This study provides reference for further development of microneedle transdermal delivery formulations. The authors expect to provide a reference for the related research on microneedles.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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