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Outline
Early screening and precise treatment of malignant tumors are critical for reducing mortality rates. Nanotechnology, owing to its tunable physicochemical properties and biocompatibility, has shown significant potential in the field of tumor diagnosis and therapy. This review systematically summarizes the innovative applications of nanotechnology, with a focus on its advancements in two key areas: tumor screening and targeted therapy. In terms of tumor screening, nanoprobes have markedly enhanced the sensitivity and specificity of detecting circulating tumor cells, exosomes, and tumor biomarkers, thereby promoting the development of multimodal imaging and liquid biopsy. In the realm of targeted therapy, nanocarriers achieve precise drug delivery via passive or active targeting strategies, while intelligent responsive systems further promote the development of theranostic integration. This review also analyzes existing challenges in clinical translation, including safety and standardized manufacturing, and provides perspectives on future directions involving the integration of nanotechnology with cutting-edge fields such as artificial intelligence and immunotherapy.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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