By analyzing the relevant patent documents and judgment documents of the current patent authorization opposition cases of traditional Chinese medicine, the overall characteristics of such cases in China can be known. The current patent authorization opposition cases of traditional Chinese medicine in China show the following features: a relatively high proportion of individual applicants, more formal disputes, a high proportion of composition inventions and a high rejection rate, a low proportion of patent agencies, and less participation of technical investigators. It is suggested that the research and development entities of traditional Chinese medicine patents should adjust the research and development priorities, strengthen research and development cooperation, standardize the research and development process, and enhance the awareness of intellectual property management. The examination department should pay attention to the guiding role of examination rules, improve the examination rules besides compositions, and improve the examination rules for experimental data of traditional Chinese medicine. The judicial department should promote the regular participation of technical investigators in patent authorization opposition cases of traditional Chinese medicine.