Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) refers to the phenomenon where certain non-neutralizing antibodies or sub-neutralizing concentrations of antibodies do not eliminate viruses during viral infection but instead promote viral invasion and replication. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, it has been found that some antibodies can form immune complexes with the virus and mediate viral entry into target cells through Fc receptors (FcR) or the complement system, thereby exacerbating disease progression. In recent years, with the in-depth study of HIV infection, the ADE phenomenon has received extensive attention in the development and clinical application of HIV vaccines. This article reviewed the mechanism of ADE in HIV infection, the influencing factors of ADE occurrence, and the implications of ADE for drug development, and explored the impact and potential risks of ADE in HIV infection in depth, providing theoretical support for the development of safe and effective HIV vaccines and antibody drugs.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |