Full
Outline
To construct a lignin-based self-assembled nanodrug delivery system loaded with vancomycin and evaluate its in vitro antibacterial performance and biocompatibility.
Vancomycin-loaded lignin nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared via self-assembly. The particle size and morphology were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), while drug loading capacity, encapsulation efficiency, and release profile were determined by mass spectrometry. Staphylococcus aureus was used as a model strain to assess antibacterial activity via the microdilution broth method. The antibacterial mechanisms, including biofilm disruption and membrane damage, were investigated through colony counting, crystal violet staining, live/dead bacterial staining, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Biocompatibility was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay on HeLa cells.
Uniform lignin-vancomycin nanocomposites (~100 nm) were successfully prepared. The NPs exhibited pH-responsive drug release, with faster release under weakly acidic conditions (pH=5.5). Antibacterial tests demonstrated effective biofilm destruction and bacterial membrane disruption. CCK-8 assays confirmed excellent biocompatibility, supporting potential in vivo applications.
The lignin-based self-assembled nanocarrier efficiently loads and sustains vancomycin release, enhances antibacterial efficacy via membrane-targeting mechanisms, and shows favorable biosafety. This system provides a promising strategy for treating bacterial infections.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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