Full
Outline
Targeted nano-drug delivery systems (NDDS) have provided a new strategy for the precise therapy of tumor. NDDS, as novel modes of drug delivery, are capable of penetrating various biological barriers to deliver therapeutic agents precisely to tumor sites. By leveraging their unique size effect, controlled release, stimulation response, ease of modification and functionalization, these systems enhance drug stability and solubility, improve bioavailability, and reduce systemic toxicity and side effects. Consequently, they enable targeted drug delivery and theranostics, offering promising solutions to overcome the therapeutic limitations of conventional chemotherapeutic agents. This paper summarizes the advantages of NDDS, the classification, principles and targeted design strategies of nano-carriers, focuses on the types of commonly used targeting ligands and their mechanisms of action, analyzes the current developments and challenges in scalable production, in vivo transport, biocompatibility and clinical translation, and looks forward to the prospects of future applications, with the aim of providing references for the further development and clinical applications.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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